Spherical Carbon Nanostructures - A Versatile Material for Sensing and Energy Storage

2006 ◽  
Vol 951 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bettina Friedel ◽  
Siegmund Greulich-Weber
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanostructures ◽  
Photonic Bandgap ◽  
Catalyst Support ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Spherical Shape ◽  
Infrared Region ◽  
Carbon Spheres ◽  
Separation And Purification ◽  
Carbon Nanospheres ◽  
Wide Range

ABSTRACTMonodisperse smooth carbon nanospheres were synthesized via preparation and complex subsequent multistage pyrolysis of spherical melamine formaldehyde copolymer microparticles. The diameters of optained carbon spheres were located between several tens to several hundreds nanometers depending on the size of used initial copolymer particles. During the conversion of copolymer to carbon, the spheres pass strong shrinking of more than 80 % without any deformation. They meet the high quality standards of common prepared and used polymer and silica spheres and are therefore a promising material with great potential. Carbon nanoparticles could be used in a wide range of applications, such as for gas storage, fuel cells, sensing, catalyst support, separation and purification, supercapacitors or lithium-ion batteries, and photonic bandgap materials. Especially for the last mentioned usage monodispersity and a perfect spherical shape are very important. So-called synthetic opals from carbon spheres have been grown by sonic-supported sedimentation and a photonic bandgap in the infrared region has been found. Due to their high thermal resistance under non-oxidizing conditions carbon opals are also suitable as template for inverse opals. The structure of the spheres has been studied during different stages of carbonization by scanning electron microscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.

scholarly journals An Evaluation of Morphological Changes and Deformability of Suspended Red Blood Cells Prepared Using Whole Blood with Different Hemoglobin Levels of Tibetans

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Rui Zhong ◽  
Dingding Han ◽  
Xiaodong Wu ◽  
Hong Wang ◽  
Wanjing Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Osmotic Fragility ◽  
Spherical Shape ◽  
Hypoxic Environment ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Group A ◽  
Cell Membrane Protein

Background: The hypoxic environment stimulates the human body to increase the levels of hemoglobin (HGB) and hematocrit and the number of red blood cells. Such enhancements have individual differences, leading to a wide range of HGB in Tibetans’ whole blood (WB). Study Design: WB of male Tibetans was divided into 3 groups according to different HGB (i.e., A: >120 but ≤185 g/L, B: >185 but ≤210 g/L, and C: >210 g/L). Suspended red blood cells (SRBC) processed by collected WB and stored in standard conditions were examined aseptically on days 1, 14, 21, and 35 after storage. The routine biochemical indexes, deformability, cell morphology, and membrane proteins were tested. Results: Mean corpuscular volume, adenosine triphosphate, pH, and deformability were not different in group A vs. those in storage (p > 0.05). The increased rate of irreversible morphology of red blood cells was different among the 3 groups, but there was no difference in the percentage of red blood cells with an irreversible morphology after 35 days of storage. Group C performed better in terms of osmotic fragility and showed a lower rigid index than group A. Furthermore, SDS-PAGE revealed similar cross-linking degrees of cell membrane protein but the band 3 protein of group C seemed to experience weaker clustering than that of group A as detected by Western Blot analysis after 35 days of storage. Conclusions: There was no difference in deformability or morphological changes in the 3 groups over the 35 days of storage. High HGB levels of plateau SRBC did not accelerate the RBC change from a biconcave disc into a spherical shape and it did not cause a reduction in deformability during 35 days of preservation in bank conditions.

MoS2 nanosheets uniformly grown on polyphosphazene-derived carbon nanospheres for lithium-ion batteries

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 101034
Author(s):  
Zeping Zhou ◽  
Feng Chen ◽  
Zhen Jiang ◽  
Tong Liu ◽  
Yanpei Fei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Mos2 Nanosheets ◽  
Carbon Nanospheres

A lithium ion-imprinted adsorbent using magnetic carbon nanospheres as a support for the selective recovery of lithium ions

Carbon ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 176 ◽  
pp. 651
Author(s):  
Qi Liang ◽  
Er-hui Zhang ◽  
Guang Yan ◽  
Yong-zhen Yang ◽  
Wei-feng Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Carbon Nanospheres ◽  
Lithium Ions ◽  
Selective Recovery ◽  
Ion Imprinted ◽  
Magnetic Carbon

scholarly journals Commercial Cokes and Graphites as Anode Materials for Lithium - Ion Cells

1997 ◽  
Vol 496 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Derwin ◽  
Kim Kinoshita ◽  
Tri D. Tran ◽  
Peter Zaleski
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Ethylene Carbonate ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Reversible Capacity ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Electrochemical Characteristics ◽  
Wide Range

AbstractSeveral types of carbonaceous materials from Superior Graphite Co. were investigated for lithium ion intercalation. These commercially available cokes, graphitized cokes and graphites have a wide range of physical and chemical properties. The coke materials were investigated in propylene carbonate based electrolytes and the graphitic materials were studied in ethylene carbonate / dimethyl solutions to prevent exfoliation. The reversible capacities of disordered cokes are below 230 mAh / g and those for many highly ordered synthetic (artificial) and natural graphites approached 372 mAh / g (LiC6). The irreversible capacity losses vary between 15 to as much as 200 % of reversible capacities for various types of carbon. Heat treated cokes with the average particle size of 10 microns showed marked improvements in reversible capacity for lithium intercalation. The electrochemical characteristics are correlated with data obtained from scanning electron microscopy (SEM), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (TAM), X - ray diffraction (XRD) and BET surface area analysis. The electrochemical performance, availability, cost and manufacturability of these commercial carbons will be discussed.

Facile synthesis of silicon/carbon nanospheres composite anode materials for lithium-ion batteries

2016 ◽  
Vol 168 ◽  
pp. 138-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Zhou ◽  
Huajun Guo ◽  
Yong Yang ◽  
Zhixing Wang ◽  
Xinhai Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Anode Materials ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Composite Anode ◽  
Carbon Nanospheres ◽  
Facile Synthesis ◽  
Silicon Carbon

scholarly journals Evolution of tin oxide (SnO2) nanostructures synthesized by hydrothermal method

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
AJAY PRATAP SINGH GAHLOT ◽  
Rupali Pandey ◽  
Sandeep Singhania ◽  
Arijit choudhary ◽  
Amit Garg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tin Oxide ◽  
Gas Sensing ◽  
Hydrothermal Process ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Precursor Solution ◽  
Wide Band ◽  
Sno2 Nanostructures ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract Tin oxide (SnO2), a versatile metal oxide due to its wide range of applications and its nature as an amphoteric oxide, has attracted researchers globally for many decades. Hydrothermal synthesis of wide band gap oxides with controllable nano shape and size is of primary attraction leading to myriad areas of applications such as electrodes in Lithium-ion batteries, gas sensing, photo-catalyst etc. to name a few. In this work, we have synthesized different types of nanostructures of Tin oxide through low temperature(180oC) Hydrothermal process by varying the concentration of its precursor solution (SnCl4.5H2O) from 0.0625M to 0.25M. The characterization of as -Synthesized SnO2 done using UV-Vis spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X ray (EDX) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) confirm synthesis of tin oxide and formation of various nanostructures as a function of concentration of the precursor solution. The evolution of various shapes of nanostructures has been discussed in light of existing theories.

scholarly journals Almacenamiento energético frente al inminente paradigma renovable: el rol de las baterías ion-litio y las perspectivas sudamericanas/Energy storage towards the imminent renewable paradigm: the role of ion-lithium batteries and South American perspectives

2018 ◽  
pp. 108-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Ariel Kazimierski
Keyword(s):  
Electric Propulsion ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Energy System ◽  
South American ◽  
Potential Market ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
New Energy ◽  
A Current

El actual sistema energético mundial se caracteriza por una alta dependencia de los combustibles fósiles, un paradigma que empieza a encontrar dificultades en tanto se agotan las reservas existentes y aumentan los costos ecológicos. Así, la incorporación de energías renovables, su generación en forma distribuida y el crecimiento del parque automotor eléctrico, se presentan como la triada más prometedora en la conformación de un nuevo paradigma más eficiente y sustentable. Este artículo se centra en la importancia que adquieren los acumuladores energéticos ante este panorama, principalmente por su rol en la estabilización de las redes y posibilitar el autoconsumo y la propulsión eléctrica. Identifica en las baterías de ion-litio un abanico de posibilidades para Sudamérica, que posee las reservas más importantes de litio en el mundo, incorporando la idea del desarrollo dentro del nuevo patrón energético y en un mercado actual y potencial de grandes dimensiones. Abstract The current global energy system is characterized by a high dependence on fossil fuels, a paradigm that begins to encounter difficulties as existing reserves are depleted and ecological costs increase. Thus, the incorporation of renewable energies, their generation in a distributed form and the growth of the electric motor park, are presented as the most promising triad in the conformation of a new, more efficient and sustainable paradigm. This article focuses on the importance that energy accumulators acquire in this scenario, mainly due to their role in stabilizing networks and enabling self-consumption and electric propulsion. It identifies lithium-ion batteries with a wide range of possibilities for South America, which has the most important reserves of lithium in the world, incorporating the idea of ​​development within the new energy pattern and in a current and potential market of large dimensions.

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