Interlaced Circuits for Multidirectional Stretchable Electronics

2010 ◽  
Vol 1271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Qiao ◽  
Tao Xiaoming ◽  
Hua Tao
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Stress Concentration ◽  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Stretchable Electronics ◽  
Electronic Circuits ◽  
Elastic Substrate ◽  
Knitted Structure ◽  
Made In

AbstractStretchable electronic circuits have the potential to the fields where electronics have to be conformable, deformable and stretchable into three dimensional surfaces. In this work, an “interlaced” structure is developed for multidirectional stretchable circuit. The shape of the conductor is loop-like configuration. A knitted structure is employed for the elastic substrate due to its flexibility, high stretchability, low cost and simple fabrication. The electro-mechanical behavior of the interlaced circuit is investigated in three different directions, i.e., 0-degree, 45-degree, and 90-degree, respectively. A significant improvement in stretchability is achieved in 0-degree direction. Then, a preliminary theoretical analysis is made in the electro-mechanical mechanism of the interlaced circuit. From the experimental investigation and theoretical analysis, it is found that the interlaced structure gives the conductor more freedom to move in the substrate, decreasing the stress concentration in the crest and trough parts of the loop when it is stretched.

scholarly journals The Classroom as a Makerspace: Use of Tablets and Cutting Plotter to Create Pop-Up Cards in Educational Environments

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 116
Author(s):  
Alejandro Bonnet de León ◽  
Jose Luis Saorín ◽  
Jorge De la Torre-Cantero ◽  
Cecile Meier ◽  
Eliseo García Marrero
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Traditional Classrooms ◽  
Educational Environments ◽  
Folding Paper ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Teaching Learning ◽  
Made In ◽  
Digital Tablets

In some classrooms the use of digital tablets for students is already standardized and is integrated into the teaching-learning process of the school. On the other hand, the use of cutting plotters is not common, although they are low-cost, easy to use and transportable devices. These machines are usually found in digital fab-rication spaces such as Makerspaces, Fab labs, etc. However, it is interesting to introduce these technologies in traditional classrooms. This article describes an experience carried out at Colegio San Isidro, Los Salesianos de la Orotava, Tene-rife in the 3rd year of secondary school in the subject of plastic, visual and audio-visual expression, in which an activity of design and creation of pop-up cards has been carried out. This activity is made in many subjects in order to develop crea-tivity or to understand three-dimensional concepts (mathematics, plastic, etc.). This activity involves cutting and folding paper that is usually done with scissors or cutter. It is proposed to digitalize this activity by means of digital tablets and portable cutting plotters. At the end of the activity, all the students were able to make their pop-up card using the proposed technologies and felt able to carry out the work autonomously.

Paper 21: Investigation of Flow in the Nozzle-Less Spiral Casing of a Radial Inward-Flow Gas Turbine

1969 ◽  
Vol 184 (7) ◽  
pp. 66-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. S. Bhinder
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Angular Momentum ◽  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Performance Characteristics ◽  
Technical Literature ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Spiral Casing

Nozzle-less spiral casings are used frequently with radial inward-flow gas turbines of small turbochargers for automotive type diesel engines. The broad performance characteristics and low cost of this type of casing are two particularly attractive features for turbocharger applications. Considerable data on the performance of radial inward-flow gas turbines have appeared recently in the technical literature, but in contrast very little has been published on the performance of volute casings. The paper presents the results of a theoretical and experimental investigation in which three nozzle-less volute casings of a 2·85-in diameter turbine were studied. The theoretical analysis, based on the assumptions of steady isentropic one-dimensional flow and the conservation of mass and of angular momentum, is essentially design orientated.

scholarly journals Tunnel Encapsulation Technology for Durability Improvement in Stretchable Electronics Fabrication

Micromachines ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kangmin Leng ◽  
Chuanfei Guo ◽  
Kang Wu ◽  
Zhigang Wu
Keyword(s):  
Stress Concentration ◽  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Electrical Performance ◽  
Stretchable Electronics ◽  
Metal Foil ◽  
Biomedical Devices ◽  
Out Of Plane ◽  
Strain Cycling ◽  
Elastic Polymer

Great diversity of process technologies and materials have been developed around stretchable electronics. A subset of them, which are made up of zigzag metal foil and soft silicon polymers, show advantages of being easy to manufacture and low cost. However, most of the circuits lack durability due to stress concentration of interconnects entirely embedded in elastic polymer silicone such as polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). In our demonstration, tunnel encapsulation technology was introduced to relieve stress of these conductors when they were stretched to deform in and out of plane. It was realized by dissolving the medium of Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA), previous cured together with circuits in polymer, to form the micro-tunnel which not only guarantee the stretchability of interconnect, but also help to improve the durability. With the protection of tunnel, the serpentine could stably maintain the designed shape and electrical performance after 50% strain cycling over 20,000 times. Finally, different materials for encapsulation were employed to provide promising options for applications in portable biomedical devices which demand duplicate distortion.

scholarly journals Experimental Investigation on 3D Flow around a Single T-Shaped Spur Dike in a Bend

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Vaghefi ◽  
Masoud Ghodsian ◽  
Maryam Akbari
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Flow Field ◽  
Secondary Flow ◽  
Flow Pattern ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Acoustic Doppler Velocimeter ◽  
3D Flow ◽  
Spur Dike ◽  
Outer Bank ◽  
Made In

The flow field around a T-shaped spur dike located in a 90° bend is investigated experimentally. The three-dimensional Acoustic Doppler Velocimeter (ADV) was used for measuring the flow field. The comparison of the three dimensional components of velocity was made in different sections of the bend and the differences of the flow pattern along the bend was analyzed. The observations showed the significant effect of the spur dike on the secondary flow patterns. Some horizontal vortices with a counter-clock-wise direction were also observed in the up and down stream of the spur dike near the outer bank of the bend. In addition, the vortices and reverse flows in the up and down stream of the spur dike, the changes of the secondary flow and vorticity are also addressed in this study.

Fabrication of 3D Temperature Sensor Using Magnetostrictive Inkjet Printhead

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 50405-1-50405-5
Author(s):  
Young-Woo Park ◽  
Myounggyu Noh
Keyword(s):  
Flexible Electronics ◽  
Inkjet Printing ◽  
Temperature Sensor ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Drop On Demand ◽  
Aided Design ◽  
Nanoparticle Ink ◽  
Inkjet Printhead

Abstract Recently, the three-dimensional (3D) printing technique has attracted much attention for creating objects of arbitrary shape and manufacturing. For the first time, in this work, we present the fabrication of an inkjet printed low-cost 3D temperature sensor on a 3D-shaped thermoplastic substrate suitable for packaging, flexible electronics, and other printed applications. The design, fabrication, and testing of a 3D printed temperature sensor are presented. The sensor pattern is designed using a computer-aided design program and fabricated by drop-on-demand inkjet printing using a magnetostrictive inkjet printhead at room temperature. The sensor pattern is printed using commercially available conductive silver nanoparticle ink. A moving speed of 90 mm/min is chosen to print the sensor pattern. The inkjet printed temperature sensor is demonstrated, and it is characterized by good electrical properties, exhibiting good sensitivity and linearity. The results indicate that 3D inkjet printing technology may have great potential for applications in sensor fabrication.

Constructive Optimisation of the Propeller Type Mixing Devices Using the Virtual and Rapid Prototyping

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 453-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Besnea ◽  
Alina Spanu ◽  
Iuliana Marlena Prodea ◽  
Gheorghita Tomescu ◽  
Iolanda Constanta Panait
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Prototyping ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Rapid Identification ◽  
Multidisciplinary Optimization ◽  
External Diameter ◽  
Process Industries ◽  
Parametric Cad ◽  
Shaft Torque

The paper points out the advantages of rapid prototyping for improving the performances/constructive optimization of mixing devices used in process industries, here exemplified to propeller types ones. The multidisciplinary optimization of the propeller profile affords its design using parametric CAD methods. Starting from the mathematical curve equations proposed for the blade profile, it was determined its three-dimensional virtual model. The challenge has been focused on the variation of propeller pitch and external diameter. Three dimensional ranges were manufactured using the additive manufacturing process with Marker Boot 3D printer. The mixing performances were tested on the mixing equipment measuring the minimum rotational speed and the correspondent shaft torque for complete suspension achieved for each of the three models. The virtual and rapid prototyping method is newly proposed by the authors to obtain the basic data for scale up of the mixing systems, in the case of flexible production (of low quantities), in which both the nature and concentration of the constituents in the final product varies often. It is an efficient and low cost method for the rapid identification of the optimal mixing device configuration, which contributes to the costs reduction and to the growing of the output.

scholarly journals An “Animated Spatial Time Machine” in Co-Creation: Reconstructing History Using Gamification Integrated into 3D City Modelling, 4D Web and Transmedia Storytelling

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 460
Author(s):  
Mario Matthys ◽  
Laure De Cock ◽  
John Vermaut ◽  
Nico Van de Weghe ◽  
Philippe De Maeyer
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Physical Situation ◽  
Time Machine ◽  
Transmedia Storytelling ◽  
Spatial Reconstruction ◽  
3D Software ◽  
The City ◽  
City Models

More and more digital 3D city models might evolve into spatiotemporal instruments with time as the 4th dimension. For digitizing the current situation, 3D scanning and photography are suitable tools. The spatial future could be integrated using 3D drawings by public space designers and architects. The digital spatial reconstruction of lost historical environments is more complex, expensive and rarely done. Three-dimensional co-creative digital drawing with citizens’ collaboration could be a solution. In 2016, the City of Ghent (Belgium) launched the “3D city game Ghent” project with time as one of the topics, focusing on the reconstruction of disappeared environments. Ghent inhabitants modelled in open-source 3D software and added animated 3D gamification and Transmedia Storytelling, resulting in a 4D web environment and VR/AR/XR applications. This study analyses this low-cost interdisciplinary 3D co-creative process and offers a framework to enable other cities and municipalities to realise a parallel virtual universe (an animated digital twin bringing the past to life). The result of this co-creation is the start of an “Animated Spatial Time Machine” (AniSTMa), a term that was, to the best of our knowledge, never used before. This research ultimately introduces a conceptual 4D space–time diagram with a relation between the current physical situation and a growing number of 3D animated models over time.

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