Anisotropic Electron Transport in Cu/Al Multilayers

1992 ◽  
Vol 286 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. N. Fadnis ◽  
David V. Baxter
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Electron Transport ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Magnetron Sputtering ◽  
Weak Localization ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transverse Magnetoresistance ◽  
Out Of Plane ◽  
The Magnetic Field

ABSTRACTWe have measured the anisotropy of the electron diffusivity in a series of Cu/Al multilayers. The Samples were made by magnetron sputtering and characterized by X-Ray diffraction. The low temperature transverse magnetoresistance of each sample was measured for two different orientations of the magnetic field—parallel and perpendicular to the plane of the sample film. The Weak Localization(WL) contribution to the magnetoresistance is sensitive to the component of the electron diffusivity in a plane perpendicular to the magnetic field. We use this fact to calculate the ratio of different components of the diffusivity from the observed dependence of magnetoresistance on the orientation of magnetic field. For our samples, the ratio of the in and out of plane components of the diffusivity, (Dxy/Dz), is seen to range between 1 and 2.2, and the anisotropy is largest for the sample with the highest conductivity.

Structure Control of Hydroxyapatite Using a Magnetic Field

2007 ◽  
Vol 561-565 ◽  
pp. 1565-1568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuhiko Iwai ◽  
Jun Akiyama ◽  
Shigeo Asai
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
High Magnetic Field ◽  
Slip Casting ◽  
Casting Process ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Structure Control ◽  
Crystal Alignment ◽  
The Magnetic Field

A high magnetic field is a useful tool to control the crystal alignment of ceramic materials. In this study, a horizontal 10T static magnetic field was imposed on slurry containing hydroxyapatite (HAp) crystals under the horizontal mold rotation during slip casting process so as to introduce uni-axial alignment for some amount of crystals in the sample, and then it was sintered in atmosphere without the magnetic field. From X-ray diffraction, it has been found that the HAp crystals in the sample treated with the mold rotation under the magnetic field were aligned its c-axis to a particular direction.

MAGHETOTHERMO POWER OF ZnO FILMS

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (01n03) ◽  
pp. 651-653
Author(s):  
W. L. WANG ◽  
L. LI ◽  
K. J. LIAO ◽  
J. ZHANG ◽  
R. J. ZHANG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Thermoelectric Power ◽  
Substrate Surface ◽  
Zno Films ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Electrical Measurements ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Increasing Temperature ◽  
The Magnetic Field ◽  
Orientation Growth

The Magnetothermoelectric and thermoelectric power of nano- ZnO films was investigated. The ZnO films in this study were prepared by DC reactive sputtering using a Zn target (99.99%) containing AL of 1.5%. The films obtained were characterized by SEM, x-ray diffraction, optical and electrical measurements. It was found that the sputtering ZnO films were highly orientation growth with the c-axis perpendicular to the substrate surface. The measurements showed that there was a striking seebeck effect in the ZnO films, and their thermoelectric power was linearly increased with increasing temperature. The experimental results were also demonstrated that the thermoelectric power was degraded under the magnetic field. This finding may ascribe to the magneto resistive effect.

scholarly journals Neutron and X-ray Diffraction from Exotic Magnets in Pulsed Magnetic Fields

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (a1) ◽  
pp. C149-C149
Author(s):  
Bruce Gaulin
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Magnetic Fields ◽  
Capacitor Bank ◽  
Pulsed Magnetic Fields ◽  
New Materials ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Helmholtz Coils

Magnetic fields obtained by discharging a large capacitor bank through Helmholtz coils can be produced in excess of 25 T for relatively short periods of time, ~ 1 msec and longer. When combined with modern facilities for diffraction at modern neutron and synchrotron x-ray sources, one can study the structure and phase diagrams of new materials under extremes of magnetic field. I will present two such studies, each focussing on a new magnetic material which exhibit exotic low temperature states. I will show time-resolved neutron Laue diffraction on the multiferroic magnet MnWO4 [1], and time-resolved synchrotron x-ray studies of large magneto-elastic effects in the geometrically-frustarted pyrochlore magnet Tb2Ti2O7 [2], both in magnetic fields up to ~ 30 T. Such studies of new materials in extreme sample environments can be very revealing as to the nature of their exotic low temperature states.

scholarly journals Development and Application of Low Temperature X-Ray Diffraction Apparatus in High Magnetic Field

1997 ◽  
Vol 61 (9) ◽  
pp. 1012-1017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuo Watanabe ◽  
Yosuke Watanabe ◽  
Satoshi Awaji ◽  
Kazunori Jikihara ◽  
Tsuginori Hasebe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
High Magnetic Field ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray

The Mixed Magnetic Property of Co0.76Cu0.74[Fe(CN)6]·7.5H2O

2018 ◽  
Vol 71 (11) ◽  
pp. 914
Author(s):  
Yanfang Xia ◽  
Min Liu ◽  
Duxin Li
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Magnetic Moment ◽  
Effective Magnetic Moment ◽  
Lattice Parameter ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Diffraction Patterns ◽  
Co Precipitation ◽  
The Magnetic Field

Co0.76Cu0.74[Fe(CN)6]·7.5H2O was prepared as a powder by a chemical co-precipitation method. The powder X-ray diffraction patterns were indexed to the typical face-centred cubic structure with the lattice parameter a 10.55(2) Å. The temperature dependence of the χ−1 curve obeys the Curie–Weiss law (χ = C/(T – θ)) in the temperature range of 180–300 K. According to Curie–Weiss law, the calculated θ value is −54.82 K. In the paramagnetic state at 300 K, the effective magnetic moment (μeff = (8χT)1/2) is 3.58 μB per formula unit. The calculated theoretical effective magnetic moment is 4.06 μB. The magnetic field cooling measurements under a 200 Oe applied magnetic field show that the saturation magnetization value at 2 K of the complex Co0.76Cu0.74[Fe(CN)6]·7.5H2O is 1.528 emu g−1.

Influence of Magnetic Field on Magnetic Properties of Electrodeposited Co-Ni-P Nanowires

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (3S1) ◽  
pp. 90-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Le Tuan Tu ◽  
Luu Van Thiem ◽  
Pham Duc Thang
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Magnetic Properties ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Hysteresis Loops ◽  
Vibrating Sample Magnetometry ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Xrd Pattern ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Structure And Morphology ◽  
The Magnetic Field

The magnetic properties in Co-Ni-P nanowires arrays with diameter of 200 nm were investigated. All the samples were prepared by electrodeposition method with pH of 5.5 and at room temperature. During the deposition, a magnetic field in range of 0 - 750 Oe was applied parallel to the wires axis. The crystalline structure and morphology of the samples were characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), respectively. The hysteresis loops were measured at room temperature using vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). The mixture of hcp phases of the Co-Ni-P based nanowires has been indicated by the XRD pattern. The obtained results show that with 750 Oe magnetic field applied during deposition we can obtain maximum coercivity value (2180 Oe). The \(M_{r}/M_{s}\) ratio was rapid increased when the magnetic field changed from 0 Oe to 750 Oe.

Alignment of Primary Phase of a Binary Alloy during Solidification

2007 ◽  
Vol 26-28 ◽  
pp. 563-565
Author(s):  
Kazuhiko Iwai ◽  
Manabu Usui ◽  
Shigeo Asai
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Magnetic Susceptibility ◽  
Diffraction Pattern ◽  
Primary Phase ◽  
The Other ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Specific Direction ◽  
Crystal Alignment ◽  
The Magnetic Field

A static magnetic field and an alternating current are imposed on a metallic alloy during solidification for a crystal alignment of the primary phase. A Sn-10%Pb is selected as a sample because its primary phase is expected to have an anisotropic nature in magnetic susceptibility. In the x-ray diffraction pattern of the sample solidified without the magnetic field, the first and second highest peaks are (101) and (211) planes. On the other hand, those solidified with the magnetic field are (200) and (220) planes which are magnetically preferred planes. That is, the primary phase crystals in the sample solidified with the magnetic field are aligned to the specific direction.

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