Investigation of Electrochemical Processes for Synthesis and Removal of CuInSe2 Thin Films

1996 ◽  
Vol 426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shalini Menezes
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Single Crystal ◽  
Electrochemical Deposition ◽  
Reaction Mechanisms ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Environmentally Benign ◽  
Vacuum Deposition ◽  
Electrochemical Processes ◽  
New Directions ◽  
Specific Potential

AbstractElectrochemical deposition of CuInSe2 films has been explored as a low-cost alternative to vacuum deposition. A special feature of this approach is that each element or compound may be selectively deposited or dissolved at a specific potential. This approach could further provide an environmentally benign means to recycle CuInSe2 from spent or defective modules. The paper investigates the reaction mechanisms for co-deposition, as well as, removal of CuInSe2. Rotating ring-disk and photoelectrochemical methods probe the formation and dissolution of Se, Cu2Se, In2Se3 and CuInSe2 films and the corrosion of CuInSe2 single crystal. The results provide important insights into the multiple reaction paths leading to the electrosynthesis of CuInSe2 films and new directions for developing an electrochemical recycling scheme for CuInSe2 modules.

scholarly journals SCAPS modelling of ZnO/CdS/CdTe/CuO photovoltaic heterosystem

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 660-668
Author(s):  
Z. R. Zapukhlyak ◽  
L.I. Nykyruy ◽  
G. Wisz ◽  
V.M. Rubish ◽  
V.V. Prokopiv ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Thin Films ◽  
Optical Properties ◽  
Surface Morphology ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Modern Literature ◽  
Vacuum Deposition ◽  
Critical Dimensions ◽  
Technological Improvement ◽  
Wide Range

The authors have developed a simple, cheap and reproducible technology for obtaining thin-film heterostructures based on CdTe with a given surface morphology during vacuum deposition, which contributes to their low cost [1, 2]. The critical dimensions (thicknesses) of individual layers of the heterostructure were substantiated, a simulation was performed and a wide range of optical properties was investigated [3]. It is shown that for the deposited CdS / CdTe heterostructure on glass it is possible to obtain an efficiency of 15.8%. Given that thin films are relatively new systems, their study can offer much wider opportunities for technological improvement of photovoltaic energy converters. According to the analysis of modern literature data, the efficiency can be increased by performing deposition on ITO films and introducing nanoparticles of controlled sizes.

One-Step Electrochemical Deposition of Cu-In-Ga Mixed Oxide Thin Films for Low-Cost CIGS Solar Cells

2013 ◽  
Vol 50 (40) ◽  
pp. 31-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Chassaing ◽  
A. Duchatelet ◽  
T. Sidali ◽  
G. Savidand ◽  
D. Lincot
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Solar Cells ◽  
Electrochemical Deposition ◽  
Mixed Oxide ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Oxide Thin Films ◽  
One Step ◽  
Cigs Solar Cells

scholarly journals Effects of organic additive saccharin on the magnetic properties of CoMnP thin films

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 159-166
Author(s):  
M.RM. Krishnappa ◽  
N. Rajasekaran ◽  
S. Ganesan ◽  
R.N. Emerson
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Magnetic Properties ◽  
Electrochemical Deposition ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Magnetic Thin Films ◽  
Organic Additive ◽  
Mems Devices ◽  
Organic Additives ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Hcp Structure

Electrodeposition technique provides an easy way to produce magnetic thin films. Magnetic thin films are extensively used in various magnetic induction writing heads, magnetic MEMS devices and other magnetic sensing devices. Thus we have synthesized CoMnP thin films from aqueous bath with organic additive saccharin using electrochemical deposition technique and examined its magnetic properties. The electrochemical deposition method is especially interesting due to its low cost, high throughput and high quality of deposit. The CoMnP alloys were electrodeposited galvanostatically for various composition of the bath solution and for various concentration of the additive saccharin. The effects of electrodeposition condition and organic additive saccharin on the magnetic properties of CoMnP thin films were investigated. Structure and the Morphology of the film were studied using X-Ray diffractometer (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Elemental compositions of the film were studied using energy dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDS). Magnetic properties of the deposited films were studied using Vibrating sample Magnetometer (VSM). SEM measurement indicated that the surface morphology was affected by the nature of the organic additives to a large extent. CoMnP films formed under optimized conditions are found to be polycrystalline in nature with hcp structure. Moreover, it was obvious that the presence of organic additive saccharin, in the electroplating bath, modified the magnetic properties of the CoMnP thin films according to the VSM measurements.

Electron microscope observations of iron-catalyzed gasification of graphite

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 452-453
Author(s):  
A. Szirmae ◽  
V.U.S. Rao ◽  
R.M. Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Thin Films ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Single Crystal ◽  
Catalytic Effect ◽  
Vacuum Deposition ◽  
Gas Chromatograph ◽  
Small Particles ◽  
Transmission Electron

A well known catalytic effect of transition metals and particularly iron in contack with carbonaceous carbon exposed to oxidizing or hydrogenating atmospheres (02, CO-CO2, H2-H2O) has been investigated by scanning and high voltage transmission electron microscopy in a program aimed at determining the fundamental mechanisms of the gasification reactions. Samples of polycrystalline planchets and single crystal flakes of graphite were reacted at temperatures from 650°to 1100°C in “wet” and “dry” hydrogen . Quantitative electron microscope observations were supplemented by weight loss measurements and continuous gas chromatograph analysis of the CO and CH4, produced. Prior to exposure to the reacting gases, small particles of metallic iron are formed on the surface of single crystal graphite flakes or pressed carbon planchets by vacuum deposition of thin films ranging from 1 Å to 2000 Å in thickness.

A new low Temperature Chemical Vapor Deposition Technique for Growing Thin Films of Ti, TiN on Copper and TiO2, TixSiy on Silicon

1998 ◽  
Vol 555 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. Hendricks ◽  
M. I. Aquino ◽  
M. R. Zachariah
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Metal Vapor ◽  
Environmentally Benign ◽  
Silicon Substrates ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Vapor Deposition Technique ◽  
Cu Substrates ◽  
Tin Thin Films

In this paper, we present a process which has the benefits of operating at lower temperatures than conventional CVD, that uses low cost precursors, and produces only environmentally benign byproducts. This new method for depositing Ti, TiN, TiO2, and Ti.Siy thin films has been demonstrated using a coflow diffusion reactor to react Na metal vapor with TiCl4 as described by the following equation: 4Na(g) + TiCl4(g) ---Ar ---> Ti(s) + 4NaCl(g). In this reaction, sodium strips chlorine from titanium tetrachloride freeing titanium metal to grow into a thin film on a substrate placed in the reaction zone. TiN and TiO2 films were produced by the introduction of N2 gas or O2 gas into the reactor, respectively. Using this reaction chemistry, we have produced Ti and TiN thin films on Cu substrates at 610 °C (considerably lower than the 900 °C to 1200 °C required for conventional thermal CVD of titanium) and TiO2 and titanium silicides (TixSiy) films on silicon substrates. Thermodynamics calculations indicated that this class of chemistry is generic and that a wide range of metals and ceramics could be grown; and preliminary experiments do suggest that TiC and SiC thin films can be grown using this process. The thin films were primarily analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS), and Raman pectroscopy.

Single Crystal, High Band Gap CdS Thin Films Grown by RF Magnetron Sputtering in Argon Atmosphere for Solar Cell Applications

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 03005-1-03005-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rupali Kulkarni ◽  
◽  
Amit Pawbake ◽  
Ravindra Waykar ◽  
Ashok Jadhawar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Solar Cell ◽  
Magnetron Sputtering ◽  
Single Crystal ◽  
Band Gap ◽  
Rf Magnetron Sputtering ◽  
Argon Atmosphere ◽  
Cds Thin Films ◽  
High Band
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document