Observations of Orientation Dependent Creep of Ni3AI

1998 ◽  
Vol 552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carola Knobloch ◽  
Karin Glock ◽  
Uwe Glatzel
Keyword(s):  
Single Crystals ◽  
Antiphase Boundary ◽  
Constant Load ◽  
Tensile Creep ◽  
Slip Systems ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Secondary Stage ◽  
Anisotropic Elastic ◽  
Stationary Creep ◽  
Habit Planes

ABSTRACTThe influence of crystal orientation on the high temperature creep behavior of Ni3(Al Ti Ta) was investigated by tensile creep testing under a constant load at a temperature of 1123K. The single crystals were oriented close to [001], [011], [111], [557] and [012]. The results show an increasing stationary creep rate from [111] over [011] to [001]. The evolution of the microstructure during creep deformation was studied, using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Only few systems are active in the primary regime, whereas several slip systems operate in the secondary stage. Habit planes of dislocation pairs separated by an antiphase boundary were examined and compared with anisotropic elastic calculations, explaining the good creep response of [111] oriented single crystals.

The effects of sulfuric acid on the creep, recrystallization, and electrical properties of ice

2003 ◽  
Vol 81 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 395-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Iliescu ◽  
I Baker ◽  
X Li
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Resistivity ◽  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Single Crystals ◽  
Equal Channel Angular Extrusion ◽  
Boundary Migration ◽  
Constant Load ◽  
Tensile Creep ◽  
Grain Boundary Migration ◽  
Resistivity Measurements ◽  
Lower Resistivity

Both constant load creep and recrystallization are investigated using single crystals of 70–170 ppb sulfuric-acid-doped and -undoped ice. Both sets of crystals exhibited strains in excess of 200% under tensile creep. The undoped specimens reached these strains roughly twice as fast as the doped specimens. After large local strains were imparted to cuboidal single crystals using equal channel angular extrusion at –2°C and subsequent annealing at the same temperature, recrystallization occurred. It was found that a higher concentration of H2SO4 retarded both recrystallization and the subsequent grain-boundary migration. Direct current electrical resistivity measurements performed on polycrystalline, sulfuric-acid-doped (3 ppm) ice at –10°C showed a much lower resistivity in the grain boundaries than in the lattice. PACS No.: 81.90

Tetragonal precipitation in the system Y2O3-ZrO2

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 58-59
Author(s):  
V. Lanteri ◽  
A. H. Heuer ◽  
T. E. Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Single Crystals ◽  
Tetragonal Phase ◽  
Dark Field ◽  
Stabilized Zirconia ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Field Techniques ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Habit Planes

The major applications of partially stabilized zirconia (PSZ) concern materials in which the microstructures are in the two phase regions (cubic-tetragonal or cubic-monoclinic). The aim of this paper is to discuss the occurrence of tetragonal precipitation in yttria-PSZ. Despite the similarity with other doped zirconia alloys (Mg-PSZ, Ca-PSZ), the shape, the habit planes and mechanisms of precipitation are found to be different for Y-PSZ. Single crystals, obtained from skull melting, with composition 8w%-Y2O3 were examined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and the tetragonal phase was imaged using standard dark field techniques.

Plasticity, Dislocation Structures and Antiphase Boundary Energies in Fe3Al Single Crystals with Chromium

1996 ◽  
Vol 460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filip Král ◽  
Peter Schwander ◽  
Gernot Kostorz
Keyword(s):  
Single Crystals ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Antiphase Boundary ◽  
Positive Temperature ◽  
Weak Beam ◽  
Dislocation Arrangement ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Direct Measurements ◽  
Critical Resolved Shear Stress ◽  
Beam Technique

ABSTRACTThe influence of Cr additions on the positive temperature dependence of the critical resolved shear stress of Fe3Al is investigated. Single crystals of binary Fe-28 at.% Al and ternary Fe-28 at.% Al-6 at.% Cr with different orientations are deformed in uniaxial compression between room temperature and 1273 K. The dislocation arrangement and the dissociation of superdislocations are studied by transmission electron microscopy using the weak-beam technique. The operative slip systems are discussed on the basis of the direct measurements of the antiphase boundary energies and of the activation volume.

Rhenium Effect on Creep Behavior of Ni-Base Superalloys

1980 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 330-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.S. Lin ◽  
A.F. Giamei ◽  
R.E. Doiron
Keyword(s):  
Single Crystals ◽  
Gauge Length ◽  
Tensile Creep ◽  
Weight Percentage ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Dislocation Behavior ◽  
Rhenium Addition ◽  
C 32 ◽  
Octahedral Slip

Modified MAR-M-200 single crystals with various amounts of rhenium were tested in tensile creep in <111>, <011> and <001> orientations. With the addition of rhenium, a significant improvement in creep resistance was attained. This is illustrated clearly in Figure 1. In order to understand the effect of the rhenium addition on the creep strength of Ni-base superalloy single crystals, transmission electron microscopy was used to analyze the microstructures and dislocation behavior. Creep samples with gauge length of 10 mm and diameter of 2.5 mm were tested at 900°C/380 MPa unless otherwise specified. The chemical composition of the alloy studied is 5Al-2Ti-lNb-9Cr-12(W + Re) with the balance Ni (in weight percentage). The rhenium contents were 0, 2, 1, or 6 wt. $ at the expense of tungsten. The samples were fully heat treated (l290°C/4 hrs. + 1080°C/4 hrs. + 870° C/32 hrs.) before testing. The oriented crystals (with 0 and 6 wt. $ Re, respectively) were creep tested to a strain of ~ 0.2$. Their detailed transmission microstructures are shown in Figures 2 and 3. In <111> crystals, cube slip, {001} <110> was observed while in <011> crystals, octahedral slip, {111}<101> was observed. Results similar to the <011> case were found in <001> crystals tested at 980°C/220 MPa.

scholarly journals Dislocation structure of deformed olivine single crystals from conventional EBSD maps

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrich Faul
Keyword(s):  
Single Crystals ◽  
Crystalline Lattice ◽  
Slip Systems ◽  
Linear Defects ◽  
San Carlos Olivine ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Dislocation Densities ◽  
Deformation Processes ◽  
Internal Deformation ◽  
San Carlos

AbstractDislocations, linear defects in a crystalline lattice characterized by their slip systems, can provide a record of grain internal deformation. Comprehensive examination of this record has been limited by intrinsic limitations of the observational methods. Transmission electron microscopy reveals individual dislocations, but images only a few square $$\upmu$$ μ m of sample. Oxidative decoration requires involved sample preparation and has uncertainties in detection of all dislocations and their types. The possibility of mapping dislocation density and slip systems by conventional (Hough-transform based) EBSD is investigated here with naturally and experimentally deformed San Carlos olivine single crystals. Geometry and dislocation structures of crystals deformed in orientations designed to activate particular slip systems were previously analyzed by TEM and oxidative decoration. A curvature tensor is calculated from changes in orientation of the crystal lattice, which is inverted to calculate density of geometrically necessary dislocations with the Matlab Toolbox MTEX. Densities of individual dislocation types along with misorientation axes are compared to orientation change measured on the deformed crystals. After filtering (denoising), noise floor and calculated dislocation densities are comparable to those reported from high resolution EBSD mapping. For samples deformed in [110]c and [011]c orientations EBSD mapping confirms [100](010) and [001](010), respectively, as the dominant slip systems. EBSD mapping thus enables relatively efficient observation of dislocation structures associated with intracrystalline deformation, both distributed, and localized at sub-boundaries, over substantially larger areas than has previously been possible. This will enable mapping of dislocation structures in both naturally and experimentally deformed polycrystals, with potentially new insights into deformation processes in Earth’s upper mantle.

Dislocation Substructures Produced During Tensile, Creep, and Fatigue Deformation of Ti3Al at 700°C

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 272-273
Author(s):  
S. M. L. Sastry
Keyword(s):  
Intermetallic Compound ◽  
Strain Rate ◽  
Tensile Creep ◽  
Slip Systems ◽  
Slip Vector ◽  
Superlattice Structure ◽  
Slip Activity ◽  
Dislocation Arrangement ◽  
Ordered Intermetallic ◽  
Tangled Dislocation

Ti3Al is an ordered intermetallic compound having the DO19-type superlattice structure. The compound exhibits very limited ductility in tension below 700°C because of a pronounced planarity of slip and the absence of a sufficient number of independent slip systems. Significant differences in slip behavior in the compound as a result of differences in strain rate and mode of deformation are reported here.Figure 1 is a comparison of dislocation substructures in polycrystalline Ti3Al specimens deformed in tension, creep, and fatigue. Slip activity on both the basal and prism planes is observed for each mode of deformation. The dominant slip vector in unidirectional deformation is the a-type (b) = <1120>) (Fig. la). The dislocations are straight, occur for the most part in a screw orientation, and are arranged in planar bands. In contrast, the dislocation distribution in specimens crept at 700°C (Fig. lb) is characterized by a much reduced planarity of slip, a tangled dislocation arrangement instead of planar bands, and an increased incidence of nonbasal slip vectors.

Precipitation of NiHfsi phase in NiAl single crystals containing Hf

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 532-533
Author(s):  
A. Garg ◽  
R. D. Noebe ◽  
R. Darolia
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Single Crystals ◽  
High Temperature Strength ◽  
Bridgman Technique ◽  
Shell Mold ◽  
Third Phase ◽  
Unknown Phase ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Nial Matrix

Small additions of Hf to NiAl produce a significant increase in the high-temperature strength of single crystals. Hf has a very limited solubility in NiAl and in the presence of Si, results in a high density of G-phase (Ni16Hf6Si7) cuboidal precipitates and some G-platelets in a NiAl matrix. These precipitates have a F.C.C structure and nucleate on {100}NiAl planes with almost perfect coherency and a cube-on-cube orientation-relationship (O.R.). However, G-phase is metastable and after prolonged aging at high temperature dissolves at the expense of a more stable Heusler (β'-Ni2AlHf) phase. In addition to these two phases, a third phase was shown to be present in a NiAl-0.3at. % Hf alloy, but was not previously identified (Fig. 4 of ref. 2 ). In this work, we report the morphology, crystal-structure, O.R., and stability of this unknown phase, which were determined using conventional and analytical transmission electron microscopy (TEM).Single crystals of NiAl containing 0.5at. % Hf were grown by a Bridgman technique. Chemical analysis indicated that these crystals also contained Si, which was not an intentional alloying addition but was picked up from the shell mold during directional solidification.

Transmission Electron Microscopy study of Bi-based superconducting phases

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 50-51
Author(s):  
J.G. Wen ◽  
K.K. Fung
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Single Crystals ◽  
Microscopy Study ◽  
Electron Microscopy Study ◽  
Space Groups ◽  
Superconducting Phases ◽  
Ceramic Samples ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Modulated Structures

Bi-based superconducting phases have been found to be members of a structural series represented by Bi2Sr2Can−1Cun−1On+4, n=1,2,3, and are referred to as 2201, 2212, 2223 phases. All these phases are incommensurate modulated structures. The super space groups are P2/b, NBbmb 2201, 2212 phases respectively. Pb-doped ceramic samples and single crystals and Y-doped single crystals have been studied by transmission electron microscopy.Modulated structures of all Bi-based superconducting phases are in b-c plane, therefore, it is the best way to determine modulated structure and c parameter in diffraction pattern. FIG. 1,2,3 show diffraction patterns of three kinds of modulations in Pb-doped ceramic samples. Energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX) confirms the presence of Pb in the three modulated structures. Parameters c are 3 0.06, 38.29, 30.24Å, ie 2212, 2223, 2212 phases for FIG. 1,2,3 respectively. Their average space groups are all Bbmb.

scholarly journals Room-temperature deformation of single crystals of ZrB2 and TiB2 with the hexagonal AlB2 structure investigated by micropillar compression

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenghao Chen ◽  
Bhaskar Paul ◽  
Sanjib Majumdar ◽  
Norihiko L. Okamoto ◽  
Kyosuke Kishida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Crystals ◽  
Plastic Flow ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Resolve Shear Stress ◽  
Temperature Deformation ◽  
Slip Systems ◽  
Compression Tests ◽  
Plastic Deformation Behavior ◽  
Bulk Single Crystals ◽  
Micropillar Compression

AbstractThe plastic deformation behavior of single crystals of two transition-metal diborides, ZrB2 and TiB2 with the AlB2 structure has been investigated at room temperature as a function of crystal orientation and specimen size by micropillar compression tests. Although plastic flow is not observed at all for their bulk single crystals at room temperature, plastic flow is successfully observed at room temperature by the operation of slip on {1$${\bar{1}}$$ 1 ¯ 00}<11$${\bar{2}}$$ 2 ¯ 3> in ZrB2 and by the operation of slip on {1$${\bar{1}}$$ 1 ¯ 00}<0001> and {1$${\bar{1}}$$ 1 ¯ 00}<11$${\bar{2}}$$ 2 ¯ 0> in TiB2. Critical resolve shear stress values at room temperature are very high, exceeding 1 GPa for all observed slip systems; 3.01 GPa for {1$${\bar{1}}$$ 1 ¯ 00}<11$${\bar{2}}$$ 2 ¯ 3> slip in ZrB2 and 1.72 GPa and 5.17 GPa, respectively for {1$${\bar{1}}$$ 1 ¯ 00}<0001> and {1$${\bar{1}}$$ 1 ¯ 00}<11$${\bar{2}}$$ 2 ¯ 0> slip in TiB2. The identified operative slip systems and their CRSS values are discussed in comparison with those identified in the corresponding bulk single crystals at high temperatures and those inferred from micro-hardness anisotropy in the early studies.

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