Advances in Lithium and Nickel-Metal Hydride Battery Performance

MRS Bulletin ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 24 (11) ◽  
pp. 33-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry Oman
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Battery ◽  
Laptop Computer ◽  
Nickel Metal ◽  
Nickel Metal Hydride ◽  
Laptop Computers ◽  
Electric Cars ◽  
Electric Car ◽  
Henry Ford ◽  
Long Life ◽  
Battery Technology

Traditional batteries stored energy in thick plates made from heavy metals like lead, nickel, and zinc. They delivered from 15 to 20 Wh/kg. Lighter-weight lithium anodes were used in some military batteries. Then came the need for lightweight batteries for powering cellular telephones and laptop computers. Lithiumion batteries were developed, and the worldwide demand, just for use in laptop computers, has grown to 150 million units per year.The need to reduce air pollution in downtown areas has created a market for battery-powered electric vehicles. Clara Ford chose to drive an electric car, even though her husband, Henry Ford, was making gasoline-powered cars. However, the cost of replacing worn-out leadacid batteries soon ended the electric-car age of the early 1900s. The need for lightweight, long-life batteries for zero-emission cars has produced unprecedented investments in battery technology. The lithium-battery technology used in laptop-computer batteries did not support the requirements of high power and long life for the charge/discharge cycling needed in electric cars. An executive of a lithium-battery manufacturer was asked what he was doing about the cycle life of his batteries. His answer: “The life of a laptop computer is nine months. Then a newer model makes it obsolete. We meet this requirement!”

scholarly journals Using Solar Energy for Charging Electric Vehicles in Poland – a case study

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 00107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Witold Marańda
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Electric Propulsion ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Electric Transport ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Electric Cars ◽  
Electric Car ◽  
Energy Transfers ◽  
Battery Technology

The recent advancements in the fields of electric propulsion and battery technology have made possible the implementation of all-electric transport within the coming decades. However, the widespread use of electric cars could seriously threaten the existing capabilities of energy generation and the load of the utility grid. This work investigates the use of solar energy for producing energy for transportation locally, using energy buffering and minimizing grid energy transfers. A case-study of an electric car and dedicated PV-system is investigated for the duration of a full year in Polish climatic conditions.

Nickel-Metal Hydride Electric Vehicle Batteries Through Materials Science Advances

1995 ◽  
Vol 393 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Venkatesan ◽  
M.A. Fetcenko ◽  
D.A. Corrigan ◽  
P.R. Gifford ◽  
S.K. Dhar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Metal Hydride ◽  
Short Range ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Hydrogen Storage Materials ◽  
Nickel Metal ◽  
Nickel Metal Hydride ◽  
Intermediate Range Order ◽  
Battery Technology

Abstract:Proprietary, multicomponent hydrogen storage materials have been developed making use of the principles of disorder by atomic engineering of the short-range and intermediate -range order. These materials form the basis for Ovonic Nickel-Metal Hydride batteries which have emerged as the leading battery technology for electric vehicle applications. Ovonic Batteries have the highest volumetric energy density available extending the practical range of electric vehicles from under 100 miles to over 200 miles.

Hydrogen and Batteries: The Genie and the Bottle (1980–2007)

2018 ◽  
pp. 187-208
Author(s):  
Lillian Hoddeson ◽  
Peter Garrett
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
General Motors ◽  
Rechargeable Battery ◽  
Nickel Metal ◽  
Nickel Metal Hydride ◽  
Electric Car ◽  
Nimh Battery ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Toyota Prius

With part of the ARCO funding, Ovshinsky established a sizeable research program to investigate hydrogen as an alternative energy source. The researchers collaboratively discovered that by forming hydrides the multi-element disordered materials used in researching hydrogen storage could be successfully used in a rechargeable battery, called the nickel metal hydride (NiMH) battery. Produced by the Ovonic Battery Company, ECD’s new battery became one of its most successful commercial products. An automotive version powered General Motors’ electric car, the EV1, and it is still used in hybrids like the Toyota Prius. Ovshinsky also worked on the automotive use of hydrogen both in fuel cells and in an internal combustion engine, which was successfully tested in prototype hydrogen cars. Ultimately, however, ECD failed to attract the support needed to develop its hydrogen-fueled car commercially.

The Design of Charger Based on 1T SCM

2013 ◽  
Vol 347-350 ◽  
pp. 1553-1556
Author(s):  
An Dong Qu ◽  
Zi Hong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Batteries ◽  
Lithium Battery ◽  
Software Components ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Battery Charger ◽  
Nickel Metal ◽  
Nickel Metal Hydride ◽  
Tuning Method ◽  
Dynamic Tracking ◽  
Self Tuning

For the control characteristics of lithium batteries and nickel-metal hydride batteries, to design the hardware and software components of the PWM microcontroller battery charger, 2 battery charger can access, display temperature, automatic charging, sound and light alarm function. Voltage and current parameters self-tuning method to further improve the performance of adaptive charger, it can play a good dynamic response, fast charge and slow charge, the overshoot small, and has a the dynamic tracking quality and steady-state accuracy, and mobile phone lithium battery practical application, to obtain better control effects.

Microstructural characterization of a cast RENi5-based alloy

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 1176-1177
Author(s):  
G. M. Micha ◽  
L. Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Rare Earth ◽  
Microstructural Characterization ◽  
Binary Compound ◽  
Nickel Metal ◽  
Cast Material ◽  
Nickel Metal Hydride ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Cast Condition

RENi5 (RE: rare earth) based alloys have been extensively evaluated for use as an electrode material for nickel-metal hydride batteries. A variety of alloys have been developed from the prototype intermetallic compound LaNi5. The use of mischmetal as a source of rare earth combined with transition metal and Al substitutions for Ni has caused the evolution of the alloy from a binary compound to one containing eight or more elements. This study evaluated the microstructural features of a complex commercial RENi5 based alloy using scanning and transmission electron microscopy.The alloy was evaluated in the as-cast condition. Its chemistry in at. pct. determined by bulk techniques was 12.1 La, 3.2 Ce, 1.5 Pr, 4.9 Nd, 50.2 Ni, 10.4 Co, 5.3 Mn and 2.0 Al. The as-cast material was of low strength, very brittle and contained a multitude of internal cracks. TEM foils could only be prepared by first embedding pieces of the alloy in epoxy.

Green separation of lanthanum, cerium and nickel from waste nickel metal hydride battery

2021 ◽  
Vol 125 ◽  
pp. 154-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia J.R. Vargas ◽  
Nicolas Schaeffer ◽  
Jamille C. Souza ◽  
Luis H.M. da Silva ◽  
Maria C. Hespanhol
Keyword(s):  
Metal Hydride ◽  
Nickel Metal ◽  
Nickel Metal Hydride ◽  
Nickel Metal Hydride Battery ◽  
Green Separation ◽  
Hydride Battery
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