The Making of a Byzantine Monastic Landscape

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-159
Author(s):  
Fotini Kondyli ◽  
Sarah Craft
Keyword(s):  
Built Environment ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Economic Resources ◽  
Regional Survey ◽  
Building Projects ◽  
Archaeological Project ◽  
Religious Importance ◽  
Fundamental Mechanism

In this study, we present some results from the Mazi Archaeological Project (MAP), a diachronic regional survey in northwest Attica, Greece. We focus our discussion on the presence of the Middle Byzantine Monastery of Hosios Meletios and its relationship to local communities as well as to the surrounding natural and built environment. In doing so, we focus on three main strategies employed by the monastery: (1) large-scale building projects, (2) the redirection of movement in the area and (3) the exploitation of the natural environment and its economic resources. We also pay attention to the establishment of the paralavria (monastic dependencies) as a fundamental mechanism employed by the monastery to map its presence and influence and connect it to other sites of economic and religious importance in the region. We argue that the spatial, material and symbolic connections between the paralavria, the main monastery and key natural features in the area created a visually, spiritually and economically coherent and distinct monastic landscape.

Consultations and Competing Claims: Implementing Participatory Institutions in Colombia’s Extractives Industries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamie L. Shenk
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Natural Resource ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Direct Action ◽  
Balance Of Power ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Private Firms ◽  
Oil Companies ◽  
Participatory Institutions ◽  
Natural Resource Development

Conflicts between local communities and their governments over natural resource development are not new in Latin America. When mining and oil companies move in, communities have blocked roads, staged protests, and undertaken other forms of direct action. More recently, however, communities have expanded their tactics, turning toward the state and its participatory institutions to contest claims over their land. This article investigates this trend and the conditions that facilitate it by analyzing an original database of 102 attempts by communities in Colombia to implement one participatory institution—the popular consultation—to challenge large scale extractive projects. I argue that communities’ ability to contest extractive projects by leveraging participatory institutions depends on the balance of power between two external players—private firms and expert allies.

Environmental Development Strategies for an Industrial Area (Kochi Industrial Belt)

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Annu Reetha Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Natural Environment ◽  
Industrial Pollution ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Economic Progress ◽  
Planning Approach ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Technical Solutions

Discharging of wastes and toxic pollutants produced by the industrial activities into the natural environment which consist of air, water and land implies the term Industrial Pollution. It has serious consequences on human life and its health along with several ways of negative impacts on the environment and nature. As far as our nation is concerned most of the major cities are filled with these large-scale industries which place a crucial role financial development of a country. Strictly hindering the development of industries cannot be done as it is vital for the Socio-Economic progress of a country. Yet it is our duty to protect our natural environment by limiting the pollution due to industries. This Study consist of the issues occurred in Eloor- Kadungalloor region as result of the industrial pollution followed by policies for a development plan to enhance the natural and environmental conditions with a planning approach at micro study level. As far as the Kerala context is considered, the major spot which is mostly affected by the industrial pollution is the ‘Edayar Industrial belt’ which is the largest industrial belt in Kerala. This became one of most noted spot because of the continuous dumping of dangerous chemical pollutants from adjacent industries (pesticide and fertilizer manufacturing). It has also resulted in health issues for the inhabitants of the site. Though many complaints have been filed against the companies, there has no proper laws or schemes for taking measures for reduction of pollution have come up so far. Hence this paper deals with the application of technical solutions and strategies for an Environment Improvement plan development for an industrial as well as studying on the issues of sire and its inhabitants.

scholarly journals The Influence of Destination Image on Tourist Intention and Decision to Visit Tourist Destination (A Case Study of Pemuteran Village in Buleleng, Bali, Indonesia)

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ni Wayan Marsha Satyarini ◽  
Myrza Rahmanita ◽  
Sakchai Setarnawat
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Quantitative Method ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Destination Image ◽  
Sampling Techniques ◽  
Tourist Destination ◽  
Independent Variable

This study examines the effects of the destination image to tourist intention and decision to visit tourism destination in Pemuteran Village, Bali. Destination image is an independent variable, tourist intention to visit serves as an intervening variable and decision to visit is a dependent variable. Explanatory research with quantitative method is employed. The number of sample is 112 respondents. Purposive sampling techniques is applied with criteria of Pemuteran village tourists. Data are collected with questionnaires and processed with path analysis. These results indicate that the variable destination image has a direct and significant effect on tourist intention to visit by 11.3%. Variable destination image has a direct and significant influence on the decision to visit by 37.5%. Variable tourist intention to visit has been direct and significant influence on the decision to visit amounted to 16.2%. Based on these results, Pemuteran village should keep trying to build a positive image and to improve the communication between the local government and local communities to strengthen cooperation to improve the natural environment in Pemuteran village.

scholarly journals Methods of Landscape Valorization and Possibilities of Its Application in Hunting Area Categorisation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Szewczyk Grzegorz ◽  
Krzysztof Lipka ◽  
Piotr Wężyk ◽  
Karolina Zięba-Kulawik ◽  
Monika Winczek
Keyword(s):  
Natural Environment ◽  
Functional Role ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Agricultural Landscape ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Environmental Values ◽  
Small Game ◽  
Forest Habitats

As a result of environmental changes, assessment indexes for the agricultural landscape have been changing dramatically. Being at the interface of human activity and the natural environment, hunting is particularly sensitive to environmental changes, such as increasing deforestation or large-scale farming. The classical categorisation of hunting grounds takes into account the area, forest cover, number of forest complexes, fertility of forest habitats, lack of continuity of areas potentially favourable to wild animals. Landscape assessment methods used in architecture often better reflect the actual breeding and hunting value of a given area, especially in relation to fields and forests. The forest-field mosaic, large spatial fragmentation as well as interweaving of natural environment elements with buildings do not have to be the factors that limit the numbers of small game. Identification of the constituents of architectural-landscape interiors: content and significance assessment, determination of the functional role or assessment based on the general environmental values being represented take into account factors important for the existence of game, in particular small game.

scholarly journals An Overview of the Existing Schemes and Research Trends in Financing the Energy Upgrade of Buildings in Europe

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-62
Author(s):  
Christiana Panteli ◽  
Eglė Klumbytė ◽  
Rasa Apanavičienė ◽  
Paris A. Fokaides
Keyword(s):  
Built Environment ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Building Sector ◽  
Investment Bank ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Funding Programs ◽  
European Investment

Financial supporting schemes for the energy upgrading of the building sector in Europe constitute one of the major policies of the European Union (EU). Since the beginning of the 2000s, dozens of funding programs and initiatives have been announced by the European Commission (EC). It is a fact that the majority of these policies have borne fruit, as the metrics on both energy savings in the building sector and the promotion of renewable energy in the built environment have turned the EU into a global pioneer. This paper attempts to give a brief overview of the main policy and financial tools for the energy upgrading of the built environment in Europe. Emphasis is placed on three major mechanisms, which concern different-scale projects: crowdfunding projects, public-private co-financing projects, and large-scale projects funded by financial institutions such as European Investment Bank (EIB). Reference is also made to recently implemented EU funded research programs in this field. This work aspires to constitute a reference study for future research activities in the field of financial supporting schemes for energy upgrading of buildings in Europe.

scholarly journals Applied science facilitates the large-scale expansion of protected areas in an Amazonian hot spot

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (31) ◽  
pp. eabe2998
Author(s):  
Nigel C.A. Pitman ◽  
Corine F. Vriesendorp ◽  
Diana Alvira Reyes ◽  
Debra K. Moskovits ◽  
Nicholas Kotlinski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Amazon Basin ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
International Commitments

Meeting international commitments to protect 17% of terrestrial ecosystems worldwide will require >3 million square kilometers of new protected areas and strategies to create those areas in a way that respects local communities and land use. In 2000–2016, biological and social scientists worked to increase the protected proportion of Peru’s largest department via 14 interdisciplinary inventories covering >9 million hectares of this megadiverse corner of the Amazon basin. In each landscape, the strategy was the same: convene diverse partners, identify biological and sociocultural assets, document residents’ use of natural resources, and tailor the findings to the needs of decision-makers. Nine of the 14 landscapes have since been protected (5.7 million hectares of new protected areas), contributing to a quadrupling of conservation coverage in Loreto (from 6 to 23%). We outline the methods and enabling conditions most crucial for successfully applying similar campaigns elsewhere on Earth.

scholarly journals Maintaining Mutual Benefits between Investor and Local Community: Mechanisms to Reopen Lega Dambi Gold Mining, Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-81
Author(s):  
Abdisa Olkeba Jima
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Social Responsibility ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Gold Mining ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Mining Company ◽  
Social License ◽  
Corporate Social

Mining, specifically, large-scale gold mining has become one of the primary economic activities that play a pivotal role in the socio-economic development of one country. But there is no consensus among scholars whether gold mining companies maintain mutual benefits with local communities. The main objective of this research is to scrutinize the mechanism to be employed in reopening Lega Dambi large-scale gold mining by maintaining mutual benefits between the company and the local community. The researcher employed a qualitative method and a case study research design. Focus group discussions and semi-structured interviews were used to collect data from the local community, elders, religious leaders, Abbaa Gadaas, Guji Zone, and Odo Shakiso Woreda investment office, land management office, social and labor affair, mineral, and energy office administrators, and Odo Shakiso Woreda health station and Adola hospital. Secondary sources and regulatory frameworks such as FDRE Constitution and Mining Operations Proclamation No. 678/2010 were used to triangulate with primary data. The finding shows that Lega Dambi's large-scale gold mining company failed to maintain mutual benefits between itself and the local community. Basic tenets such as national and regional corporate social responsibility, community development agreement, impact and benefit agreements, social and labor plan, and social license were not implemented properly to balance the mutual benefit between the company and the local community. The researcher concluded that Lega Dambi large-scale gold mining company disregarded the role of the local community during commencement time albeit it had a strong relationship with the central government. Consequently, the company was terminated because of a bad relationship it had with the local community. It is recommended that national and regional corporate social responsibility that shows the company’s specific joint administration of the central and Oromia region governments should be designed and implemented fully. It is also recommended that discussions should be held with local communities and arrived at a consensus concerning the reopening of the company.

scholarly journals Wpływ kapitału społecznego mieszkańców na kształtowanie przestrzeni wspólnych w środowisku mieszkaniowym

2020 ◽  
pp. 42-54
Author(s):  
Anna Cudny
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Built Environment ◽  
Public Space ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
National Development ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Aesthetic Quality ◽  
The Social ◽  
The City

Influence of social capital of inhabitants on shaping common spaces in a housing environment The last two decades of the century have brought unusually many changes in the built environment. These include not only changes directly related to the emergence of a new urban fabric, but also changes in social attitudes towards common spaces located in residential areas. The built environment has never been evaluated so strongly. This assessment translates not only into the everyday outdoor activities of residents (necessary, optional and social activities), but also to economic projects (purchase, sale and rental of real estate). At the same time, the city ceases to be, as it has been so far, mainly subjected to criticism, and the residents are gradually changing their demanding attitude concerning the development of space to participate in the process of its creation. Society wants to have a real impact on urban space, especially on the space closest to them. Thus, the right to the city is no longer a privilege or a duty, but it becomes a need. Trying to meet this need results in a phenomenon which we can increasingly observe in Poland, and which we have been witnessing abroad for many years: activities in public space are changing into activities for public space. They include the transformation of common spaces related to the place of residence—improving their aesthetic quality, functional changes, modernization of development elements. Observing numerous examples of public participation in shaping public spaces, it was noticed that the initiation, course and effects of activities largely depend on the social capital of the group undertaking said activity. Accordingly, there is a need for research on the mutual relation between the level of social capital and the issue of shaping and managing public space with the participation of local communities, which will be the main topic of the paper. To investigate the above-mentioned issue, qualitative research methods were used in relation to the relationship: site visit, non-participant observation and focus interviews. This contributed to a comparative study of three selected Warsaw case studies. They were analysed in terms of meeting the qualitative criteria selected for the study. These criteria have been indicated on the basis of the Social Capital Development Strategy 2020, which is one of the parts of the Medium-Term National Development Strategy. The result of the analyses is an indication of derived factors from within the group of space users and external factors that have a positive and negative impact on initiating, carrying out and maintaining the effects of changes in common spaces developed with the participation of local communities in Polish conditions. The conclusions can be used to improve future participation processes related to urban space - both by non-professionals participating in them, as well as experts - architects and town planners.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document