scholarly journals Epidemiology and Clinicopathological Profile of Renal Cell Carcinoma

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Likhiteswer Pallagani ◽  
Gautam Ram Choudhary ◽  
Himanshu Pandey ◽  
Vijay Kumar Sarma Madurri ◽  
Mahendra singh Tanwar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Renal Cell ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Clinicopathological Profile ◽  
Laboratory Investigations ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors ◽  
Stage 1

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) accounts for 3% of all adult cancers and 85% of all kidney tumours. Incidence of RCC is lower in Asian region, particularly in India, probably due to lack of reporting. Most of the data about RCC are from Western countries; and data from India are scarce, especially regarding para-neoplastic syndromes. We sought to determine the epidemiology, clinicopathological profile and management of RCC in a tertiary care centre in Western India.This was a retrospective study that involved data analysis of records of RCC patients who presented to our institution from April 2016 to Feb-ruary 2020. Laboratory investigations, including tests for paraneoplastic syndrome (PNS), and relevant radiologic investigations were performed and treatment was offered according to the stage, patient factors and available modalities.A total 142 RCC patients were included in the study. The median age of presentation was 58 years. Most of the patients (67%) were symptom-atic, and 33% of the patients were asymptomatic, and the RCC was diagnosed incidentally. A large number of patients (56.3%) had PNS. The most common histopathologic type of RCC was clear cell carcinoma (68.8%), followed by papillary (20%) and chromophobe (8%) carcinoma. 40% of carcinomas with sarcomatoid differentiation were seen in patients under 50 years of age. Two cases of multicystic RCC were both seen in patients less than 50 years of age. 65.5% of the patients presented at Stage 1 and 2. Most surgeries (71.2%) were done in a minimally invasive manner.A significant number of patients were asymptomatic, in which RCC was detected incidentally. The age of presentation was earlier, yet the patients had a higher tumour stage. More than half of the patients had PNSs. Despite growing trend towards Western data, the significantly higher number of patients with PNSs and early age of presentation suggest inherent differences in tumour biology, possibly related to differences in genetic and environmental factors.

scholarly journals Renal cell carcinoma at the time of presentation: a 5-year radiological survey at a tertiary care cancer hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 1657
Author(s):  
Muhammad Omer Altaf ◽  
Asma Riaz ◽  
Mehreen Shafqat ◽  
Hamd Zahra ◽  
Naila Iqbal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Renal Cell ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Nodal Metastasis ◽  
Male Predominance ◽  
Cancer Hospital ◽  
Stage 1 ◽  
Time Of Presentation

Background: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is associated with highest mortality rates of all the genitourinary tumors with increased incidence in the past few decades. It is heterogenous tumor with several histological types. Main diagnostic approach is radiological imaging followed by histopathology.Methods: It is a retrospective study conducted at a tertiary care cancer hospital in Pakistan. We reviewed the record of all the RCC patients in terms of age, gender, radiological manifestation of tumor size, polarity, laterality, stage including nodal status, metastasis and histological type.Results: Our study included 149 patients of RCC. Mean age of presentation was 57 years with a male predominance. The most common stage of presentation was stage 3 seen in 41% patients followed by stage 1 in 37% patients. nodal metastasis was observed in around 13% patients and distant metastasis in 8% patients. Also, majority of the patient had histological subtype of clear cell CA (63%) followed by papillary CA (33%).Conclusions: Epidemiological features of renal cell CA are observed over a period of 5 years representing our population. The current trends show variation from those observed in developed countries depicting the struggle of healthcare awareness in developing countries.

scholarly journals Determinants of resistance to VEGF-TKI and immune checkpoint inhibitors in metastatic renal cell carcinoma

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Revati Sharma ◽  
Elif Kadife ◽  
Mark Myers ◽  
George Kannourakis ◽  
Prashanth Prithviraj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Immune Checkpoint ◽  
Renal Cell ◽  
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
Kinase Inhibitors ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Angiogenesis Pathway

AbstractVascular endothelial growth factor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (VEGF-TKIs) have been the mainstay of treatment for patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Despite its early promising results in decreasing or delaying the progression of RCC in patients, VEGF-TKIs have provided modest benefits in terms of disease-free progression, as 70% of the patients who initially respond to the treatment later develop drug resistance, with 30% of the patients innately resistant to VEGF-TKIs. In the past decade, several molecular and genetic mechanisms of VEGF-TKI resistance have been reported. One of the mechanisms of VEGF-TKIs is inhibition of the classical angiogenesis pathway. However, recent studies have shown the restoration of an alternative angiogenesis pathway in modulating resistance. Further, in the last 5 years, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized RCC treatment. Although some patients exhibit potent responses, a non-negligible number of patients are innately resistant or develop resistance within a few months to ICI therapy. Hence, an understanding of the mechanisms of VEGF-TKI and ICI resistance will help in formulating useful knowledge about developing effective treatment strategies for patients with advanced RCC. In this article, we review recent findings on the emerging understanding of RCC pathology, VEGF-TKI and ICI resistance mechanisms, and potential avenues to overcome these resistance mechanisms through rationally designed combination therapies.

scholarly journals Decadal Experience of Renal Cell Carcinoma from a Tertiary Care Teaching Institute in North India

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 558-564
Author(s):  
Singh Kawaljit ◽  
Sinha Rahul Janak ◽  
Gupta Ashok ◽  
Singh Vishwajeet
Keyword(s):  
Renal Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Renal Cell ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
North India ◽  
Care Teaching

scholarly journals Renal Cell Carcinoma Metastatic to the Sinonasal Cavity: A Review and Report of 8 Cases

2018 ◽  
Vol 97 (9) ◽  
pp. E6-E12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre-Louis Bastier ◽  
Dorothée Dunion ◽  
Guillaume de Bonnecaze ◽  
Elie Serrano ◽  
Ludovic de Gabory
Keyword(s):  
Renal Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Overall Survival ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Nasal Obstruction ◽  
Survival Data ◽  
Renal Cell ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Local Treatment ◽  
Initial Presentation ◽  
Local Response

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) metastatic in the sinonasal cavity is rare. In many cases, it represents the initial presentation of RCC. We conducted a retrospective chart review to report the clinical presentation, imaging, and treatment of RCC metastases in the sinonasal cavity at two tertiary care referral centers. Our population was made up of 8 patients—6 men and 2 women, aged 55 to 86 years (mean: 66.9; median: 63.5)—who had been diagnosed with cancer in the sinonasal cavity. The most common complaints were epistaxis, nasal obstruction, and diplopia. Cancers were located in the ethmoid sinus (n = 3), nasal cavity (n = 2), sphenoid sinus (n = 2), and maxillary sinus (n = 1). Local treatment involved resection and adjuvant radiotherapy in 4 patients, surgery alone in 2 patients, and radiotherapy alone in the other 2. The lesion was embolized before surgery in 4 cases. We also performed a critical review of similar published cases. Our literature review covered 53 cases of RCC metastatic to the sinonasal cavity, including ours. Metastases were the first presentation of RCC in 24 of these cases (45.3%); in our series, the metastases led to the diagnosis of the primary RCC in 3 cases (37.5%). In the 53 reported cases, metastatic resection was performed on 35 patients (66.0%). Survival data were available for 22 of these operated patients, and 17 of them achieved a complete local response. Adjunctive radiotherapy was not associated with a better local response. Overall survival was significantly better in patients who had an isolated metastasis rather than multiple metastases (p = 0.013). There was no difference in overall survival between patients whose metastasis represented the initial presentation of RCC and those whose metastasis did not (p = 0.95). We recommend that sinonasal metastasis be suspected in the event of unilateral nasal bleeding or nasal obstruction in patients diagnosed with RCC. Embolization may prevent abundant bleeding during removal. Surgery may improve the quality of life of these patients while decreasing nasal obstruction and bleeding.

Value of Tumor Size in Predicting Survival from Renal Cell Carcinoma Among Tumors, Nodes and Metastases Stage 1 and Stage 2 Patients

1994 ◽  
Vol 152 (5 Part 1) ◽  
pp. 1389-1392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul V. Targonski ◽  
Walter Frank ◽  
David Stuhldreher ◽  
Patrick D. Guinan
Keyword(s):  
Renal Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Tumor Size ◽  
Renal Cell ◽  
Stage 1

Durable complete responses and near complete responses to sunitinib in metastatic renal cell carcinoma

2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 15514-15514
Author(s):  
D. Y. Heng ◽  
B. I. Rini ◽  
J. Garcia ◽  
L. Wood ◽  
R. M. Bukowski
Keyword(s):  
Renal Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Renal Cell ◽  
Tumor Volume ◽  
Pulmonary Metastases ◽  
Cleveland Clinic ◽  
Cancer Center ◽  
Composite Tumor ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Metastatic Rcc

15514 Introduction: Sunitinib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor with activity against VEGFR and PDGFR recently approved by the FDA for the treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC). There is no existing literature that details complete responses (CRs) in patients taking sunitinib for metastatic RCC. Methods: Seventy-four patients with metastatic RCC receiving sunitinib at the Cleveland Clinic Taussig Cancer Center on clinical trials were reviewed to determine the number of patients with RECIST-defined CRs. Additionally, patients who achieved near-CRs defined as a greater than 90% reduction in composite tumor volume or residual disease of less than or equal to 1 cm were reviewed. Results: Two patients (2.7%) achieved a RECIST-defined CR lasting >15 months. The patients who obtained CRs had non-bulky pulmonary metastases, favorable or intermediate MSKCC risk profiles, were treated with sunitinib in the first-line setting and had a significant reduction in composite tumor measurements within the first two cycles. An additional 2 patients achieved near-CRs, including one patient that previously progressed on bevacizumab. These 2 near-CR patients remain progression-free for more than 19 months. Finally, 1 patient achieved sufficient downstaging and reduction of tumor volume such that the remaining lesion could be excised, resulting in a surgical CR. This patient is currently off sunitinib and remains progression-free 4 months after surgery. Conclusion: Sunitinib is capable of producing durable CRs in cytokine-naïve metastatic RCC patients with non-bulky pulmonary metastases. Additionally, near-CRs can be seen despite non-pulmonary metastatic sites and prior VEGF-targeted therapy. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

Nephrectomy status, race, and overall survival in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma.

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (2_suppl) ◽  
pp. 529-529
Author(s):  
Dale Kesley Robertson ◽  
Chao Zhang ◽  
Yuan Liu ◽  
Theresa Wicklin Gillespie ◽  
Omer Kucuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Overall Survival ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Renal Cell ◽  
Median Overall Survival ◽  
P Value ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Emory University

529 Background: In most settings median overall survival (OS) is longer for non-Hispanic whites relative to non-Hispanic blacks with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). However, absence of nephrectomy has been a predictor of shorter OS for both groups. The primary objectives of this study were to define the reasons why patients with mRCC do not undergo nephrectomy and to correlate absolute contraindications to surgery with race and OS. Methods: Retrospective chart reviews of patients treated with targeted therapy for mRCC were conducted at the Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University and the AVAMC after obtaining institutional authorizations. Reasons for not undergoing nephrectomy were categorized as absolute, relative or no contraindication to nephrectomy. Descriptive statistics were employed along with Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Results: See Table. The median OS (months) by nephrectomy status was 15.9 (6.8 – 24.7) vs. 41.8 (25.6 – 49.4), p value 0.0003, for patients at Emory with no nephrectomy vs. nephrectomy, respectively. The corresponding AVAMC values were 15.5 (8.5 – 29.5) vs. 45.2 (30.3 – 100.9), p value 0.0002. Conclusions: The number of patients with absolute contraindications to nephrectomy varied widely by race and institution, yet absence of nephrectomy was the predominant predictor of shorter OS in both settings. [Table: see text]

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