The Global Network Economy and the U.S.-China Strategic Competition: The Emergence of Complex Geoeconomics

Since the beginning of its reform and opening up over three decades ago, China has taken great efforts to integrate into the GATT/WTO-centered international trade system and the U.S. Dollar-centered international monetary system. By using the U.S. Dollar as the principal currency in its international economic engagement while exercising strict capital controls domestically, China has practically adopted a U.S. Dollar-dependent strategy to promote export, attract foreign investment, and maintain financial security, thus it has achieved lasting economic growth. However, with the declining credibility of the U.S. Dollar due to the U.S. financial crisis in 2008, and the increasing strategic competition between China and the United States, more and more Chinese in the policy and academic circles are skeptical of China's highly dependent monetary policy. Since 2009, China has begun to adopt a more proactive international monetary strategy by taking such measures as promoting the internationalization of the RMB, initiating new reforms of the international monetary system, and fostering a new regional monetary order. Such changes imply that China is changing its role: moving from being a dependent to a reformer of the U.S. Dollar system, which reflects a salient dimension of the evolving relationships between China and the broader international system.

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NASA in Chile: Technology and Branding of a Satellite-Tracking Station

Design Issues ◽

10.1162/desi_a_00444 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 33 (2) ◽

pp. 31-42

Author(s):

Pedro Ignacio Alonso ◽

Hugo Palmarola

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

The United States ◽

Satellite Tracking ◽

Global Network ◽

Tracking Station ◽

Radio Signals ◽

The Subject ◽

The U.S ◽

Made In ◽

Archaeological Perspective

In 1957 as part of the Minitrack Network, the U.S. Army installed a satellite-tracking station in Peldehue, Chile, intended to track radio signals from what was then the United States’ Vanguard project. With the creation of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) in 1958, the station came under its new administration, becoming the subject of a process of rebranding that included the monumental installation of the agency insignia, a rounded slab made in concrete and tiles. By examining this object from a design and archaeological perspective - as it nowadays lays abandoned nearby its original location - this paper attempts to advance our understanding of the Chilean station in terms of its place within a much larger global network by analyzing it within the intersection of design, military economies, technologies, ideologies, and cultural and geospatial considerations.

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Development and Application of a United States wide correction for PM<sub>2.5</sub> data collected with the PurpleAir sensor

10.5194/amt-2020-413 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Karoline K. Barkjohn ◽

Brett Gantt ◽

Andrea L. Clements

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Air Quality ◽

Reference Method ◽

Ambient Air ◽

The United States ◽

Global Network ◽

Raw Data ◽

State And Local ◽

Multiplicative Models ◽

The U.S

Abstract. PurpleAir sensors which measure particulate matter (PM) are widely used by individuals, community groups, and other organizations including state and local air monitoring agencies. PurpleAir sensors comprise a massive global network of more than 10,000 sensors. Previous performance evaluations have typically studied a limited number of PurpleAir sensors in small geographic areas or laboratory environments. While useful for determining sensor behavior and data normalization for these geographic areas, little work has been done to understand the broad applicability of these results outside these regions and conditions. Here, PurpleAir sensors operated by air quality monitoring agencies are evaluated in comparison to collocated ambient air quality regulatory instruments. In total, almost 12,000 24-hour averaged PM2.5 measurements from collocated PurpleAir sensors and Federal Reference Method (FRM) or Federal Equivalent Method (FEM) PM2.5 measurements were collected across diverse regions of the United States (U.S.), including 16 states. Consistent with previous evaluations, under typical ambient and smoke impacted conditions, the raw data from PurpleAir sensors overestimate PM2.5 concentrations by about 40 % in most parts of the U.S. A simple linear regression reduces much of this bias across most U.S. regions, but adding a relative humidity term further reduces the bias and improves consistency in the biases between different regions. More complex multiplicative models did not substantially improve results when tested on an independent dataset. The final PurpleAir correction reduces the root mean square error (RMSE) of the raw data from 8 µg m−3 to 3 µg m−3 with an average FRM or FEM concentration of 9 µg m−3. This correction equation, along with proposed data cleaning criteria, has been applied to PurpleAir PM2.5 measurements across the U.S. in the AirNow Fire and Smoke Map (fire.airnow.gov) and has the potential to be successfully used in other air quality and public health applications.

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Audit Quality Indicators: A Status Update on Possible Public Disclosures and Insights from Audit Practice

Current Issues in Auditing ◽

10.2308/ciia.2010.4.1.c12 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. C12-C19 ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Author(s):

Jean C. Bedard ◽

Karla M. Johnstone ◽

Edward F. Smith

Keyword(s):

Advisory Committee ◽

Quality Indicators ◽

Audit Quality ◽

Public Reporting ◽

Global Network ◽

Current Status ◽

Sarbanes Oxley ◽

Public Disclosures ◽

The U.S

SUMMARY: This paper addresses the current status of the recommendation by the Advisory Committee on the Auditing Profession (ACAP) that auditing firms provide periodic reporting on audit quality indicators. We first consider several reasons why public reporting of audit quality indicators in the U.S. is highly controversial. We then report some information on how global network auditing firms are internally measuring audit quality in the post-Sarbanes-Oxley environment.

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STRUCTURING INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL IN NETWORK ECONOMY

Intellect XXІ ◽

10.32782/2415-8801/2021-2.18 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Alla Samoilenko

Keyword(s):

Social Capital ◽

Information Technology ◽

Intellectual Property ◽

Social Relations ◽

Intellectual Capital ◽

Global Network ◽

Network Economy ◽

Goods And Services ◽

Knowledge Competencies ◽

Human And Social Capital

The article considers the formation and development of intellectual capital, including in the context of its relationship with human and social capital. The concept of intellectual capital is generalized and identified, its structure is defined according to different author's representations. It is determined that at the micro level intellectual capital is formed directly by human capital, structural (organizational) capital and client (consumer) capital. It was found that intellectual capital is assessed according to the methods of international organizations, including individual, collective, corporate (organizational), local and territorial, national, regional, international and global levels. Elements of intellectual capital are identified on the basis of their possible contact with the external environment: intellectual property, management system, infrastructure, social relations, technical and technological subsystem. It is emphasized that the theoretical aspects of intellectual capital from different authorial positions are presented in the global network economy, taking into account the intensification of information technology and innovation. It is revealed that the modern innovation environment creates preconditions for the formation of intellectual capital. Scientific knowledge, competencies of employees, experience, intellectual property, information technology are implemented in intangible products and assets of the network economy. It was found that most researchers understand intellectual capital as a set of intellectual assets, which can include: market assets (intangible assets related to market transactions); intellectual property as an asset (copyright, patents, trademarks of goods and services, know-how, trade secrets); human assets (a set of collective knowledge of employees of the enterprise, their creative abilities, the presence of leadership qualities); infrastructure assets (technologies, methods and processes that make the work of the enterprise possible). The expediency of considering intellectual capital in relation to human and social capital is emphasized, as the importance of social capital is represented by its special form, namely - networks, social norms and trust.

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Genderregime und Staat in der globalen Netzwerk-Ökonomie

PROKLA Zeitschrift für kritische Sozialwissenschaft ◽

10.32387/prokla.v28i111.844 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 28 (111) ◽

pp. 175-198 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Brigitte Young

Keyword(s):

Gender Relations ◽

Global Network ◽

Network Economy ◽

Global Restructuring ◽

Dominant Discourse ◽

Race And Class ◽

Gender Neutral ◽

Gender Regimes ◽

And Gender

The articles starts with a critique of the present feminist state theories and argues that the framework is no longer adequate to comprehend the gendered process of global restructuring. Relying on the insights of the French Regulation School, the author suggests that specific regimes of accumulation generate specific gender regimes and gender orders. While the dominant discourse around restructuring remains wedded to a largely gender-neutral paradigm, the paper points out that the rise of the global network economy has not only altered the fordist accumulation regime, it has also undermined and changed the gender relations that characterized fordism. The effects of these changes are not altogether negative for women; they are ambiguous and vary according to race and class.

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Sleights of Hand, Black Skin, and the Redemption of Curzio Malaparte’s La pelle

Allied Encounters ◽

10.5422/fordham/9780823284504.003.0006 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 111-131 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Marisa Escolar

Keyword(s):

Global Network ◽

Sexual Encounter ◽

Black Skin ◽

Graphic Depiction ◽

Sexual Encounters ◽

The U.S ◽

The Way

This chapter analyzes Curzio Malaparte’s La pelle (1949; The Skin), a graphic depiction of the interracial, sexual encounter between the hypersexual Buffalo soldiers and the local prostitutes on the streets of Naples. Interspersed within these spectacles, La pelle evokes the Franco-Moroccan goumiers—the accused perpetrators of mass rape after their victory at the battle of Monte Cassino. Using the historical referent to inform the allegorical reading of the “colored” soldier as “other” and “penetration” as a metaphor for the failure of redemption, this chapter argues that the racialized soldier opens redemption beyond the U.S.–Italian encounter. As the title shouts, “skin” is a major concern, yet the question of “saving one’s skin” shifts attention away from the way in which black-skinned figures insert Italians and Allies into a global network that undermines neat moral distinctions. These interracial, sexual encounters evoke the war’s interrelated colonial conflicts and the misogynist, racist logic that sustains both.

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