scholarly journals Direct induction of adventitious root in Schefflera octophylla (Lour.) Harms from leaf explants cultured in vitro

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 495-507
Author(s):  
Huynh Thi Luy ◽  
Nguyen Huu Ho ◽  
Bui Van Le
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Adventitious Root ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Light Condition ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Leaf Disk ◽  
Root Number ◽  
Direct Formation ◽  
Leaf Disks

Schefflera octophylla (Lour.) Harms is a precious plant species belonging to the Araliaceae family. All parts of plant have been used to create products for human health. In tissue culture of medicinal plants, the induction and multiplication of adventitious root of Schefflera octophylla for biomass collection have been studied. In this report, results on induction of adventitious root from leaf explants cultured in vitro of this plant species were presented. Leaf disks (~ 10 x 10 mm), leaf transverse - thin cell layers (t-TCLs) (~ 3 x 10 mm) were cultured on different mineral media MS, ½MS, B5, SH with NAA (0 - 5 mg/L), sucrose (0 - 50 g/L) and light intensity (0 - 4,000 lux). The results showed that, 30 days after culturing on ½MS solid medium plus 3 mg/L NAA, and 30 g/L sucrose in 4,000 lux light condition, direct formation of adventitious root was best from leaf disks, t-TCLs with rooting rate (%) 100, 100; root number/sample 68.80, 21.96; root lenght (mm) 16.53, 15.53, respectively. Leaf disk culture resulted in better rooting than t-TCL culture in two criteria of root number and root length. Morphological and histological observations of adventitious root primordia formation in the leaf disk were also performed. This is the first report on direct formation of adventitious root by in vitro culture of leaf disks/t-TCLs in Schefflera octophylla with very high efficiency, creating basis for further studies on root biomass multiplication for production of bioactive compounds.  

scholarly journals Ekspresi fenotipe gen APETALA1 kakao (TcAP1) pada eksplan tembakau Phenotypic expression of cacao APETALA1 (TcAP1) in tobacco explant

2016 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetty CHAIDAMSARI ◽  
. SAMANHUDI ◽  
Asmini BUDIANI ◽  
Roedhy POERWANTO ◽  
Djoko SANTOSO
Keyword(s):  
Agrobacterium Tumefaciens ◽  
Tobacco Plant ◽  
Phenotypic Expression ◽  
Plant Cells ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Leaf Disk ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Morphological Phenotype

Summary APETALA1 (AP1) is one of flowering identity genes that determines the formation of sepal and petal tissues. An AP1 homologue was cloned from cacao flowers by bio-techniques coupled with bio-informatics. Examination of phenotypic expression was conducted with transgenesis of the 35S-TcAP1 construct using leaf disk technique of tobacco leaf explants mediated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens. PCR specific to TcAP1 demonstrated that the technique is effective in introducing the 35S-TcAP1 construct into tobacco plant cells. RT-PCR with total RNA from the leaves of transgenic tobacco plantlets showed that expression levels of the TcAP1 events varied. The variation of the transcript levels was comparable to the morphological phenotype of the tobacco plantlets grown in vitro. The cultures expressing TcAP1 at moderate levels, have developed into intact plantlets and set up flowers in vitro.Ringkasan APETALA1 (AP1) diketahui merupakan salah satu gen identitas pembungaan yang mengendalikan terbentuknya jaringan sepal dan petal. Homolog AP1 telah diklon dari organ bunga kakao (TcAP1) dengan kombinasi bio-techniques dan bio-informatics. Pengujian ekspresi fenotipe TcAP1 dilakukan dengan transgenesis konstruk konstitutif 35S-TcAP1 menggunakan teknik leaf disk eksplan daun tembakau dan mediasi Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Pengujian PCR spesifik TcAP1 menunjukkan bahwa teknik tersebut cukup efektif dalam mengintroduksikan konstruk 35S-TcAP1 ke dalam sel tanaman tembakau. RT-PCR dari daun planlet tembakau trangenik membuktikan bahwa tingkat ekspresi TcAP1 tersebut bervariasi. Perbedaan level ekspresi TcAP1 ini memberikan pengaruh yang nampak sebanding terhadap perkembangan morfologis planlet tembakau in vitro.  Kultur yang mengekspresikan TcAP1 pada level sedang mampu beregenerasi menjadi planlet sempurna dan membentuk bunga in vitro.

scholarly journals 112 The Influence of Plant Growth Regulators and Light Levels on Shoot Morphogenesis from Leaf Explants of Highbush Blueberry

HortScience ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 460F-461
Author(s):  
Xiaoling Cao ◽  
F.A. Hammerschlag
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Shoot Regeneration ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Vaccinium Corymbosum ◽  
Zeatin Riboside ◽  
Highbush Blueberry ◽  
Shoot Cultures ◽  
Regeneration Medium

As part of a program to develop transgenic highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) cultivars, studies were conducted to determine optimum conditions for high efficiency shoot regeneration from leaf explants of in vitro-propagated shoot cultures. The effect of either thidiazuron at 1 or 5 μM, or zeatin riboside at 20 μM, and two lit levels (18 ± 5 or 55 ± 5 μmol·m-2·s-1) on shoot organogenesis were investigated. With the exception of `Bluecrop', which did not regenerate shoots, maximum shoot regeneration of 13, 12.7, 12.6 and 4.6 shoots per explant for cultivars Duke, Georgiagem, Sierra, and Jersey, respectively, occured on regeneration medium with zeatin riboside and under a light intensity of 55 μmol·m-2·s-1. Whereas `Duke' regenerated equally well on regeneration medium with either zeatin riboside or 5 μM thidiazuron, regeneration frequencies for `Georgiagem' and `Sierra' were significantly higher on zeatin riboside. A light intensity of 55 μmol·m-2·s-1 significantly increased regeneration of cultivars Duke, Jersey, and Sierra on zeatin riboside, but inhibited regeneration of Duke on 5 μM thidazuron.

scholarly journals High Efficiency in vitro Plant Regeneration and Secondary Metabolite Quantification from Leaf Explants of Rhodiola imbricata

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 470-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashwani Kumar Bhardwaj ◽  
Avilekh Naryal ◽  
Pushpender Bhardwaj ◽  
Ashish Rambhau Warghat ◽  
Balpreet Arora ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Regeneration ◽  
Secondary Metabolite ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
In Vitro Plant Regeneration ◽  
Metabolite Quantification ◽  
In Vitro Plant ◽  
Rhodiola Imbricata

scholarly journals Establishment of In Vitro Adventitious Root Cultures and Analysis of Andrographolide in Andrographis Paniculata

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1300800
Author(s):  
Shiv Narayan Sharma ◽  
Zenu Jha ◽  
Rakesh Kumar Sinha
Keyword(s):  
Adventitious Root ◽  
Adventitious Roots ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Root Culture ◽  
Andrographis Paniculata ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Bioactive Component ◽  
Adventitious Root Culture

Andrographolide is the principal bioactive component of the medicinal plant Andrographis paniculata, to which various diverse pharmacological properties are attributed. Traditionally, andrographolide was extracted from the leaves, stems and other parts of the plant. Leaves have the highest andrographolide content (2–3%) in comparison with the other plant parts. Adventitious root culture of leaf explants of A. paniculata was studied using different strength MS medium supplemented by different concentrations of auxins and a combination of NAA + kinetin for growth and andrographolide production. Among the different auxin treatments in adventitious root culture, only NAA was able to induce adventitious roots. Adventitious roots grown in modified strength MS medium showed the highest root growth (26.7±1.52), as well as the highest amount of andrographolide (133.3±1.5 mg/g DW) as compared with roots grown in half-and full-strength MS medium. Growth kinetics showed maximum biomass production after five weeks of culture in different strength MS liquid medium. The produced andrographolide content was 3.5- 5.5 folds higher than that of the natural plant, depending on the medium strength.

scholarly journals De novo transcriptome analysis provides insights into formation of in vitro adventitious root from leaf explants of Arnebia euchroma

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jyoti Devi ◽  
Ekjot Kaur ◽  
Mohit Kumar Swarnkar ◽  
Vishal Acharya ◽  
Shashi Bhushan
Keyword(s):  
Adventitious Root ◽  
Adventitious Roots ◽  
Root Formation ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Adventitious Root Formation ◽  
Induction Phase ◽  
Arnebia Euchroma ◽  
Lateral Organ ◽  
Organ Boundaries

Abstract Background Adventitious root formation is considered a major developmental step during the propagation of difficult to root plants, especially in horticultural crops. Recently, adventitious roots induced through plant tissue culture methods have also been used for production of phytochemicals such as flavonoids, anthocyanins and anthraquinones. It is rather well understood which horticultural species will easily form adventitious roots, but the factors affecting this process at molecular level or regulating the induction process in in vitro conditions are far less known. The present study was conducted to identify transcripts involved in in vitro induction and formation of adventitious roots using Arnebia euchroma leaves at different time points (intact leaf (control), 3 h, 12 h, 24 h, 3 d, 7 d, 10 d and 15 d). A. euchroma is an endangered medicinal Himalayan herb whose root contains red naphthoquinone pigments. These phytoconstituents are widely used as an herbal ingredient in Asian traditional medicine as well as natural colouring agent in food and cosmetics. Results A total of 137.93 to 293.76 million raw reads were generated and assembled to 54,587 transcripts with average length of 1512.27 bps and N50 of 2193 bps, respectively. In addition, 50,107 differentially expressed genes were identified and found to be involved in plant hormone signal transduction, cell wall modification and wound induced mitogen activated protein kinase signalling. The data exhibited dominance of auxin responsive (AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR8, IAA13, GRETCHEN HAGEN3.1) and sucrose translocation (BETA-31 FRUCTOFURANOSIDASE and MONOSACCHARIDE-SENSING protein1) genes during induction phase. In the initiation phase, the expression of LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES DOMAIN16, EXPANSIN-B15, ENDOGLUCANASE25 and LEUCINE-rich repeat EXTENSION-like proteins was increased. During the expression phase, the same transcripts, with exception of LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES DOMAIN16 were identified. Overall, the transcriptomic analysis revealed a similar patterns of genes, however, their expression level varied in subsequent phases of in vitro adventitious root formation in A. euchroma. Conclusion The results presented here will be helpful in understanding key regulators of in vitro adventitious root development in Arnebia species, which may be deployed in the future for phytochemical production at a commercial scale.

scholarly journals Ekspresi fenotipe gen APETALA1 kakao (TcAP1) pada eksplan tembakau Phenotypic expression of cacao APETALA1 (TcAP1) in tobacco explant

2016 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetty CHAIDAMSARI ◽  
. SAMANHUDI ◽  
Asmini BUDIANI ◽  
Roedhy POERWANTO ◽  
Djoko SANTOSO
Keyword(s):  
Agrobacterium Tumefaciens ◽  
Tobacco Plant ◽  
Phenotypic Expression ◽  
Plant Cells ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Leaf Disk ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Morphological Phenotype

Summary APETALA1 (AP1) is one of flowering identity genes that determines the formation of sepal and petal tissues. An AP1 homologue was cloned from cacao flowers by bio-techniques coupled with bio-informatics. Examination of phenotypic expression was conducted with transgenesis of the 35S-TcAP1 construct using leaf disk technique of tobacco leaf explants mediated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens. PCR specific to TcAP1 demonstrated that the technique is effective in introducing the 35S-TcAP1 construct into tobacco plant cells. RT-PCR with total RNA from the leaves of transgenic tobacco plantlets showed that expression levels of the TcAP1 events varied. The variation of the transcript levels was comparable to the morphological phenotype of the tobacco plantlets grown in vitro. The cultures expressing TcAP1 at moderate levels, have developed into intact plantlets and set up flowers in vitro.Ringkasan APETALA1 (AP1) diketahui merupakan salah satu gen identitas pembungaan yang mengendalikan terbentuknya jaringan sepal dan petal. Homolog AP1 telah diklon dari organ bunga kakao (TcAP1) dengan kombinasi bio-techniques dan bio-informatics. Pengujian ekspresi fenotipe TcAP1 dilakukan dengan transgenesis konstruk konstitutif 35S-TcAP1 menggunakan teknik leaf disk eksplan daun tembakau dan mediasi Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Pengujian PCR spesifik TcAP1 menunjukkan bahwa teknik tersebut cukup efektif dalam mengintroduksikan konstruk 35S-TcAP1 ke dalam sel tanaman tembakau. RT-PCR dari daun planlet tembakau trangenik membuktikan bahwa tingkat ekspresi TcAP1 tersebut bervariasi. Perbedaan level ekspresi TcAP1 ini memberikan pengaruh yang nampak sebanding terhadap perkembangan morfologis planlet tembakau in vitro.  Kultur yang mengekspresikan TcAP1 pada level sedang mampu beregenerasi menjadi planlet sempurna dan membentuk bunga in vitro.

scholarly journals An Improved System for Rapid in vitro Regeneration of Saintpaulia ionantha

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-45
Author(s):  
Zahra Ghorbanzade ◽  
Mohammad Ahmadabadi
Keyword(s):  
Root Formation ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Genetic Manipulation ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Time Saving ◽  
Rapid Multiplication ◽  
Saintpaulia Ionantha ◽  
Regenerated Plantlets

For rapid multiplication and genetic manipulation of African violets (Saintpaulia ionantha Wendl.) was aimed at developing a rapid and efficient regeneration and adaptation system from leaf explants. Using RM medium supplemented with different combinations of growth regulators, we developed a highly efficient and time-saving in vitro regeneration protocol. The developed system was also successfully applied for plant regeneration from petiole and internode explants of several Saintpaulia cultivars at a high efficiency. Regeneration occurred through both somatic embryogenesis and shoot organogenesis at a high frequency. Also, we developed a rapid root formation protocol followed by their efficient adaptation for in vitro regenerated plantlets. Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 24(1): 37-45, 2014 (June) D. O. I. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ptcb.v24i1.19194

scholarly journals Establishment of In vitro Adventitious Root Cultures and Analysis of Flavonoids in Rumex crispus

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Majid Mahdieh ◽  
Mitra Noori ◽  
Simin Hoseinkhani
Keyword(s):  
Adventitious Root ◽  
Adventitious Roots ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Root Culture ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Rumex Crispus ◽  
Adventitious Root Culture ◽  
Flavonoid Composition

Adventitious root culture of leaf explants of R. crispus was established using different MS supplemented with different concentrations of auxins and a combination of NAA and Kn for growth and flavonoids production. Among the different auxins, NAA was more effective than IAA to induce adventitious roots. Adventitious roots grown on MS containing 5 ?M NAA and 0.5 ?M Kn showed the highest root growth, as well as the highest amount of total flavonoids (= 6) as compared with roots grown in other media. Chromatographic purification of the root extract showed that flavonoid composition also was influenced by hormone combinations in the culture media. The addition of Kn to the medium reduced or suppressed myricetin (M) and naringenin (N) production. Quercetin (Q) was not found in media containing Kn alone similar to the control medium. Isorhamnetin (I), kaempferol (K) and rutin (R) were produced in the roots on media supplemented with all hormone combinations, but were absent in 0.1 ?M Kn supplemented media similar to the control roots.Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 25(1): 63-70, 2015 (June)

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