scholarly journals INVESTIGATION OF ABILITY LIBERATION OF METALS FROM PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARDS BY MECHANICAL PROCESSES FOR PHYSICAL SEPARATION PROCESSES

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (2A) ◽  
pp. 237
Author(s):  
Ha Vinh Hung
Keyword(s):  
Printed Circuit Boards ◽  
Separation Efficiency ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Separation Process ◽  
Air Separation ◽  
Hammer Mill ◽  
Circuit Boards ◽  
Metallic Component ◽  
Physical Separation ◽  
Printed Circuit

Physical separation process was widely applied for the separation of metallic component from Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs) due to their advantages as friendly-environment, facilitated control, and low-cost. However, the efficiency of physical separation depends on a level of the liberation between the metallic and non-metallic components which is conducted by mechanical processing.In this study, the liberation of metals from computer PCBs was conducted in detail by mechanical processes including cutting and crushing. The obtained results demonstrate the distribution metallic and non-metallic component weighs as a function of particle sizes. The separation efficiency of metals was conducted by air separation using vacuum sorter equipment. The results showed that the comminution processes using hammer mill for reach the highest efficiency with 92 % recovery and 87 % grade of metallic components in the heavy fraction with particle size 1.0 - 1.4 mm by air separation process.

Recovery of metal values from waste printed circuit boards using an alkali fusion–leaching–separation process

2015 ◽  
Vol 156 ◽  
pp. 199-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xueyi Guo ◽  
Jingxin Liu ◽  
Hong Qin ◽  
Yang Liu ◽  
Qinghua Tian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Printed Circuit Boards ◽  
Separation Process ◽  
Circuit Boards ◽  
Printed Circuit ◽  
Alkali Fusion ◽  
Waste Printed Circuit Boards

scholarly journals Development of a Physical Separation Route for the Concentration of Base Metals from Old Wasted Printed Circuit Boards

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1014
Author(s):  
Pedro Jorge Walburga Keglevich de Buzin ◽  
Weslei Monteiro Ambrós ◽  
Irineu Antônio Schadach de Brum ◽  
Rejane Maria Candiota Tubino ◽  
Carlos Hoffmann Sampaio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Printed Circuit Boards ◽  
Electronic Devices ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Base Metals ◽  
Circuit Boards ◽  
Physical Separation ◽  
Printed Circuit ◽  
Processing Circuit

Wastes from old electronic devices represent a significant part of the electronic scrap generated in developing countries, being commonly sold by collectors as low-value material to recycling hubs abroad. Upgrading the quality of this waste type could drive the revenue of recyclers, and thus, boost the recycling market. On this basis, this study investigated the possibility of concentrating metals from old wasted printed circuit boards through a physical separation-based route. Preparation of samples comprised fragmentation, size classification, density, and magnetic separation steps, followed by chemical and macro composition analysis. Cu, Al, Fe, and Sn constituted the major metals encountered in the scraps, including some peak concentrations of Zn, Sb, Pb, Ba, and Mn. Four distinct concentrate products could be obtained after suitable processing: (a) a light fraction composed of plastics and resins; (b) an aluminum concentrate; (c) a magnetic material concentrate, containing mainly iron; (d) a final concentrate containing more than 50% in mass of copper and enriched with nonferrous metals. Preliminary evidence showed that further processes, like the separation of copper wires through drumming, can potentially improve the effectiveness of the proposed processing circuit and should guide future works.

scholarly journals Optimal Thermal Treatment for Effective Copper Recovery in Waste Printed Circuit Boards by Physical Separation: Influence of Temperature and Gas

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1213
Author(s):  
Boram Kim ◽  
Seongsoo Han ◽  
Seungsoo Park ◽  
Seongmin Kim ◽  
Minuk Jung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Thermal Treatment ◽  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Printed Circuit Boards ◽  
Separation Efficiency ◽  
Size Fraction ◽  
Copper Recovery ◽  
Circuit Boards ◽  
Printed Circuit

Printed circuit boards (PCBs) are difficult to recycle because of the layered structure of non-metal (i.e., epoxy resin, glass fiber) and copper. In this work, we conducted a systematic investigation to effectively recover copper from PCB. A thermal treatment was employed for improving the crushing performance of PCB and conducted by varying the temperature and the gas. Then, the mechanical strength, degree of liberation (DL), and copper separation efficiency of the heat-treated and untreated PCBs were investigated. After heat treatment under a 300 °C air atmosphere, the mechanical strength of PCB decreased from 386.36 to 24.26 MPa, and copper liberation improved from 9.3% to 100% in the size range of a coarser size fraction (>1400 μm). Accordingly, when electrostatic separations were performed under these conditions, a high-Cu-grade concentrate and high recovery could be obtained. The results show that the change in the physical properties of the PCBs leads to an improvement in the DL following thermal decomposition at 300 °C in air. Our study elucidates the physical properties of PCBs and the DL under various heat treatment conditions. Furthermore, it shows that the heat treatment condition of 300 °C in air is ideal for recovering copper from the PCB.

scholarly journals MeteoMex: Open infrastructure for networked environmental monitoring and agriculture 4.0

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Winkler
Keyword(s):  
Food Production ◽  
Printed Circuit Boards ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Environmental Sensors ◽  
Circuit Boards ◽  
Printed Circuit ◽  
Smart Farming ◽  
Public Areas ◽  
Terrestrial Life ◽  
Iot Platforms

<div>Air, water, and soil are essential for terrestrial life, but pollution, overexploitation, and climate change jeopardize the availability of these primary resources. Thus, assuring human health and food production requires efficient strategies and technologies for environmental protection. Knowing key parameters such as soil moisture, air, and water quality is essential for smart farming and urban development. </div><div>The MeteoMex project aims to build simple hardware kits and their integration into current Internet-of-Things (IoT) platforms. This paper shows the use of low-end Wemos D1 mini boards to connect environmental sensors to the open-source platform ThingsBoard. Two printed circuit boards (PCB) were designed for mounting components. Analog, digital and I<sup>2</sup>C sensors are supported. The Wemos ESP8266 microchip provides WiFi capability and can be programmed with the Arduino IDE. Application examples for the MeteoMex aeria and terra kits demonstrate their functionality for air quality, soil, and climate monitoring.</div><div>Further, a prototype for monitoring wastewater treatment is shown, which exemplifies the capabilities of the Wemos board for signal processing. The data are stored in a PostgreSQL database, which enables data mining. The MeteoMex IoT system is highly scalable and of low cost, which makes it suitable for deployment in agriculture 4.0, industries, and public areas. </div><div>Circuit drawings, PCB layouts, and code examples are free to download from https://github.com/robert-winkler/MeteoMex.</div>

Low-cost TO-CAN package combined with flexible and hard printed circuit boards for 25 - Gb / s optical subassembly modules

2017 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 026108
Author(s):  
Jau-Ji Jou ◽  
Tien-Tsorng Shih ◽  
Cheng-Ying Wu ◽  
Zhe-Xian Su
Keyword(s):  
Printed Circuit Boards ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Circuit Boards ◽  
Printed Circuit

scholarly journals Design and Implementation of Solder Paste Dispenser Based on Linear Drive System

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 338
Author(s):  
Riky Tri Yunardi ◽  
Moh. Zakky Zulfiar ◽  
Rr. Wanda Auruma Putri ◽  
Deny Arifianto
Keyword(s):  
Printed Circuit Boards ◽  
Printed Circuit Board ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Circuit Board ◽  
Solder Paste ◽  
Circuit Boards ◽  
Printed Circuit ◽  
Design And Implementation ◽  
Stepper Motors ◽  
Drive Systems

In the technology to create prototypes for electronic hardware is usually constructed using surface mount device printed circuit board (SMD PCB). In this paper introduces the design and implementation of low-cost electrical solder paste dispenser that supports the PCB solder process. The design consists of a nozzle and linear drive systems based on stepper motors operating with electric power to push the plunger down to drop the solder paste on the board. To test the performance of solder paste that has been designed verified by experiment. Solder paste dispenser design was tested using SMD resistor with the solder pads of different sizes for R0603, R0805, and R1206 on PCB. The results showed that the design of the prototype was able to put the pasta in various field pads between 0.54 mm2, 0.91 mm2 and 1.44 mm2 for standard solder pads with an error in the 2% - 5%. Based on the results, the device has been shown to potentially be used to attach electronic components to printed circuit boards.

scholarly journals MeteoMex: open infrastructure for networked environmental monitoring and agriculture 4.0

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e343
Author(s):  
Robert Winkler
Keyword(s):  
Food Production ◽  
Printed Circuit Boards ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Environmental Sensors ◽  
Circuit Boards ◽  
Printed Circuit ◽  
Smart Farming ◽  
Public Areas ◽  
Terrestrial Life ◽  
Iot Platforms

Air, water, and soil are essential for terrestrial life, but pollution, overexploitation, and climate change jeopardize the availability of these primary resources. Thus, assuring human health and food production requires efficient strategies and technologies for environmental protection. Knowing key parameters such as soil moisture, air, and water quality is essential for smart farming and urban development. The MeteoMex project aims to build simple hardware kits and their integration into current Internet-of-Things (IoT) platforms. This paper shows the use of low-end Wemos D1 mini boards to connect environmental sensors to the open-source platform ThingsBoard. Two printed circuit boards (PCB) were designed for mounting components. Analog, digital and I2C sensors are supported. The Wemos ESP8266 microchip provides WiFi capability and can be programed with the Arduino IDE. Application examples for the MeteoMex aeria and terra kits demonstrate their functionality for air quality, soil, and climate monitoring. Further, a prototype for monitoring wastewater treatment is shown, which exemplifies the capabilities of the Wemos board for signal processing. The data are stored in a PostgreSQL database, which enables data mining. The MeteoMex IoT system is highly scalable and of low cost, which makes it suitable for deployment in agriculture 4.0, industries, and public areas. Circuit drawings, PCB layouts, and code examples are free to download from https://github.com/robert-winkler/MeteoMex.

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