Remote sensing technology can be used to quickly extract macro information of the study area, and its advantages in monitoring water resources have become increasingly evident. In this study, Fenhe 2nd reservoir and Jinyang Lake in Taiyuan,Shanxi Province were examined using the remote sensing data obtained from HJ-1B on May 6, 2010. Water area of Fenhe 2nd reservoir was extracted using NDWI and improved segmentation threshold. The distribution of eutrophication and phytoplankton in Jinyang Lake were analyzed using NDPI and a profile map of phytoplankton was produced. Results show that spatial and spectral resolution of HJ-1B can meet the requirements of water resources monitoring well, which are conducive for further promotion and application of HJ-1B remote sensing data.