IMPROVMENT OF GROWTH AND QUALITY AND REGULATION OF THE ANTIOXIDANT SYSTEM AND LIPID PEROXIDATION IN CHINESE CABBAGE (Brassica pekinensis (Lour.) Rupr.) BY EXOGENOUS SODIUM SELENITE

Abstract The green peach aphid, Myzus persicae Sulzer, is a notorious pest on vegetables, which often aggregates in high densities on crop leaves. In this study, we investigated whether M. persicae could suppress the resistance level of Chinese cabbage Brassica pekinensis. M. persicae performed better in terms of weight gain (~33% increase) and population growth (~110% increase) when feeding on previously infested (pre-infested) Chinese cabbage compared with those on non-infested plants. However, when given a choice, 64% of the aphids preferred to settle on non-infested leaves, while 29% of aphids chose pre-infested leaves that had a 2.9 times higher concentration of glucosinolates. Aphid feeding significantly enhanced the amino acid:sugar ratio of phloem sap and the absolute amino acid concentration in plant leaves. Aphid infestation significantly increased the expression levels of salicylic acid (SA) marker genes, while it had marginal effects on the expression of jasmonate marker genes. Exogenously applied SA or methyl jasmonate had no significant effects on M. persicae performance, although these chemicals increased glucosinolates concentration in plant leaves. M. persicae infestation increase amino acid:sugar ratio and activate plant defenses, but aphid performed better on pre-infested plants, suggesting that both nutrition and toxics should be considered in insect-plant interaction.

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Variation in Myzus persicae (Sulz.) (Hemiptera, Aphididae) reared on different host-plants

Bulletin of Entomological Research ◽

10.1017/s0007485300005447 ◽

1973 ◽

Vol 62 (4) ◽

pp. 549-556 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

H. J. B. Lowe

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

Sugar Beet ◽

Chinese Cabbage ◽

Lactuca Sativa ◽

Myzus Persicae ◽

Host Species ◽

Host Plants ◽

Broad Bean ◽

Senecio Vulgaris ◽

Brassica Pekinensis

Apterous adult Myzus persicae (Sulz.) of a glasshouse strain differed greatly in their ability to colonise sugar-beet according to the plant on which they and their forebears were cultured. Those from Chinese cabbage (Brassica pekinensis) settled least readily on beet, whilst aphids from broad beans (Vicia faba) produced larger populations than those cultured on sugar-beet. When reared wholly on groundsel (Senecio vulgaris) young adults differed in their ability to colonise Chinese cabbage, sugar-beet and broad bean according to their parents' culture host species, and these differences were detected in a second generation reared wholly on groundsel. The responses of clones isolated from cultures maintained continuously on Chinese cabbage and broad bean were similar, showing that the effect was caused by the aphids' host-plant experience, and was not due to fixed, heritable characters of the sub-cultures. Some, but not all clones of M. persicae collected from the field showed enhanced colonising ability after culture on broad bean as compared with Chinese cabbage. This was apparent on sugar-beet and lettuce (Lactuca sativa). These effects of former hosts on the ability of M. persicae to colonise plants may be important both in work on resistance to aphids and in the epidemiology of aphid-borne diseases.

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Features of therapy of alcoholic liver disease in persons of young age

Experimental and Clinical Gastroenterology ◽

10.31146/1682-8658-ecg-174-2-80-85 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 174 (2) ◽

pp. 80-85

Author(s):

R. G. Myazin ◽

D. N. Emel’yanov

Keyword(s):

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Liver Disease ◽

Glutathione Peroxidase ◽

Antioxidant System ◽

Alcoholic Liver Disease ◽

Laboratory Data ◽

Young Patients ◽

Well Being ◽

Diene Conjugates ◽

Treatment Regimens

The aim of this study was to study the eff ects of using the infusion drug Remaxol in young patients with alcoholic liver disease.Materials and methods: the clinical and laboratory data of 80 young patients with alcoholic liver disease were analyzed, divided depending on the treatment regimen into 2 groups: the main (n = 44) who received Remaxol according to the scheme: 400 ml iv, drip, at a rate 40–60 drops per minute daily, course No. 5–10, and control (n = 36) — received basic therapy. In all patients, the dynamics in blood serum was studied: lipid peroxidation indices (malondialdehyde, diene conjugates), antioxidant protection enzymes (catalase, SOD, glutathione peroxidase), markers of cytolysis, cholestasis and lipid metabolism.Results: initially there was a significant increase in lipid peroxidation processes, accompanied by slight stimulation of the antioxidant system of the liver and pronounced signs of cytolysis and cholestasis. The inclusion of Remaxol in treatment regimens leads to a significant decrease in the level of malondialdehyde and diene conjugates, and the restoration of the antioxidant system (increase in catalase, SOD, and glutathione peroxidase). At the same time, a marked decrease in the syndromes of cytolysis and cholestasis was noted, which was accompanied by an improvement in the condition of the patients: cessation of nausea, restoration of appetite and sleep, and improvement of well-being.

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Вплив хлориду кадмію на стан антиоксидантної системи у печінці щурів

Вісник Полтавської державної аграрної академії ◽

10.31210/visnyk2013.02.28 ◽

2013 ◽

pp. 102-103

Author(s):

Б. В. Гутий

Keyword(s):

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Superoxide Dismutase ◽

Enzyme Activity ◽

Glutathione Peroxidase ◽

Antioxidant System ◽

Cadmium Chloride

Розкрито особливості антиоксидантної системиорганізму щурів за хронічного кадмієвого токсикозу.Встановлено, що хлорид кадмію у токсичній дозісприяє зниженню активності ферментної й нефер-ментної системи антиоксидантного захисту, на щовказує зниження ферментів глутатіонпероксидази,глутатіонредуктази, супероксиддисмутази, катала-зи та відновленого глутатіону у печінці щурів. Ре-зультати досліджень вказують на те, що хронічнийкадмієвий токсикоз призводить до посиленої акти-вації процесів ліпопероксидації. The features of the antioxidant system of rats with chronic cadmium toxicosiare disclosed. It wasresearched that cadmium chloride in toxic doses reduces enzyme activity of antioxidant system, asindicated by the decrease in enzyme glutathione peroxidase, hlutationreduktazy, superoxide dismutase,catalase and restored glutathione in the liver and blood of rats. The results indicate that chroniccadmium toxicosis leads to enhanced activation of lipid peroxidation.

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THE STATE OF THE ANTIOXIDANT SYSTEM OF THE INTERNAL ORGANS IN RATS DURING BURN DISEASE

Bulletin of Siberian Medicine ◽

10.20538/1682-0363-2014-3-51-55 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 51-55

Author(s):

L. G. Netyukhailo ◽

T. A. Sukhomlin ◽

Ya. A. Basarab ◽

V. V. Bondarenko ◽

S. V. Kharchenko

Keyword(s):

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Superoxide Dismutase ◽

Free Radical ◽

Salivary Glands ◽

Antioxidant System ◽

The State ◽

Antioxidant Systems ◽

Free Radical Processes ◽

Burn Disease ◽

Radical Processes

The objective of research was to study the state of prooxidant and antioxidant systems in the tissues of the lungs, kidneys, pancreas and salivary glands at burn disease. The intensity of the free radical processes was evaluated on the basis of the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and antioxidant system – based on the indexes of its enzymatic chain: superoxide dismutase and catalase in homogenates of the studied organs. It has been found that changes in experimental burn disease depend on the studied organs and the stage of burn disease. The activation of free radical processes observed in all investigated organs (lungs, kidneys, pancreas and salivary glands). Reactive oxygen species induce lipid peroxidation, which is a universal marker of tissue damage. MDA appears in the body during degradation of polyunsaturated fatty acids and it’s a marker of lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress. It was found the increasing of MDA in all organs, especially in the lungs and kidneys at stage of burn shock. Under these conditions it was observed the decrease of superoxide dismutase and catalase in all investigated organs. At burn disease there is development of disbalance between the action of prooxidant and antioxidant systems due to the activation of free radical processes.

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