scholarly journals Dry biocleaning of artwork: an innovative methodology for Cultural Heritage recovery?

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 91-105
Author(s):  
Giancarlo Ranalli ◽  
Pilar Bosch-Roig ◽  
Simone Crudele ◽  
Laura Rampazzi ◽  
Cristina Corti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Yeast Cells ◽  
Chemical Analyses ◽  
Environmental Humidity ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Innovative Methodology ◽  
Fermentative Activity ◽  
And Control

An innovative methodology is proposed, based on applied biotechnology to the recovery of altered stonework: the “dry biocleaning“, which envisages the use of dehydrated microbial cells without the use of free water or gel-based matrices. This methodology can be particularly useful for the recovery of highly-ornamented stoneworks, which cannot be treated using the conventional cleaning techniques. The experimental plan included initial laboratory tests on Carrara marble samples, inoculated with dehydrated Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast cells, followed by on-site tests performed on “Quattro Fontane” (The Four Fountains), a travertine monumental complex in Rome (Italy), on altered highly ornamented areas of about 1,000 cm2. The mechanism is based on the spontaneous re-hydration process due to the environmental humidity and on the metabolic fermentative activity of the yeast cells. Evaluation by physical-chemical analyses, after 18 hours of the biocleaning, confirmed a better removal of salts and pollutants, compared to both nebulization treatment and control tests (without cells). The new proposed on-site dry biocleaning technique, adopting viable yeast cells, represents a promising method that can be further investigated and optimized for recovering specific altered Cultural Heritage stoneworks.

Natriuresis in Rats Acutely Depleted of Chloride

1977 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-31
Author(s):  
R. G. Luke ◽  
B. T. Khanh ◽  
R. D. Schmidt ◽  
J. H. Galla
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Bicarbonate Solution ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Sodium Reabsorption ◽  
Urinary Flow ◽  
Variable Degree ◽  
Water Reabsorption ◽  
Chloride Depletion ◽  
Sodium Load ◽  
Clearance Studies ◽  
And Control

1. Acute chloride depletion, without sodium depletion, was produced in rats by a single exchange peritoneal dialysis against sodium bicarbonate solution. Blood volume was restored after dialysis by infusion of salt-free albumin, and exogenous deoxycorticosterone and antidiuretic hormone were given. 2. Clearance studies in the period (3 h) after dialysis revealed no difference in the glomerular filtration rate or in the filtered sodium load between experimental and control rats but urinary sodium concentrations and absolute and fractional sodium excretion were significantly higher in the chloride-depleted group. 3. There was also a significant kaliuresis, increased urinary flow rate and diminished free water reabsorption. Urinary bicarbonate excretion increased to a variable degree but the major rise in anion excretion was ‘unmeasured’ (Na+ + K+ — [Cl− +HCO3− +PO43-]). 4. It is postulated that chloride depletion imposes limitations on sodium reabsorption in the ascending limb of the loop of Henle.

scholarly journals The influence of carbohydrates in the interaction of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis with CCL-6 cells in vitro

2012 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 739-744 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Laurindo da Silva ◽  
Raphael Sanzio Pimenta ◽  
Juliana Fonseca Moreira da Silva ◽  
Déborah Aparecida Negrão Corrêa ◽  
Ary Corrêa Junior
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cell ◽  
Paracoccidioides Brasiliensis ◽  
Yeast Cells ◽  
Epithelial Cell Line ◽  
Con A ◽  
Culture Methods ◽  
Disease Treatment ◽  
Adhesion Behavior ◽  
And Control

INTRODUCTION: Little is known about the early events in the interaction between Paracoccidioides brasiliensis and its host. To understand the effect of carbohydrates in the interaction between the fungus and epithelial cell in culture, we analyzed the influence of different carbohydrate solutions on the adhesion of P. brasiliensis yeast cells to CCL-6 cells in culture. METHODS: Fungal cells were cultivated with the epithelial cell line, and different concentrations of D-fucose, N-acetyl-glucosamine, D-mannose, D-glucosamine, D-galactosamine, sorbitol and fructose were added at the beginning of the experiment. Six hours after the treatment, the cells were fixed and observed by light microscopy. The number of P. brasiliensis cells that were adhered to the CCL-6 monolayer was estimated. RESULTS: The number of adhesion events was diminished following treatments with D-fucose, N-acetyl-glucosamine, D-mannose, D-glucosamine and D-galactosamine as compared to the untreated controls. Sorbitol and fructose-treated cells had the same adhesion behavior as the observed in the control. P. brasiliensis propagules were treated with fluorescent lectins. The FITC-labeled lectins WGA and Con-A bound to P. brasiliensis yeast cells, while SBA and PNA did not. CONCLUSIONS: The perceptual of adhesion between P. brasiliensis and CCL-6 cells decreased with the use of D-mannose, N-acetyl-glucosamine and D-glucosamine. The assay using FITC-labeled lectins suggests the presence of N-acetyl-glucosamine, α-mannose and α-glucose on the P. brasiliensis cell surface. An enhanced knowledge of the mediators of adhesion on P. brasiliensis could be useful in the future for the development of more efficient and less harmful methods for disease treatment and control.

Physical-chemical and Microbiological Characteristics of Organic Strawberries Conserved with Biofilms and Refrigeration

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 247
Author(s):  
Raquel Pires Campos ◽  
Angela Kwiatkowski ◽  
Carolina Dario Tonhi ◽  
Edmar Clemente
Keyword(s):  
Mass Loss ◽  
Cassava Starch ◽  
Edible Coatings ◽  
Chemical Analyses ◽  
Organic System ◽  
Titrable Acidity ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Microbiological Characteristics

Biodegrabable and edible coatings were applied on fresh strawberries (<em>Fragaria </em>x <em>ananassa Duch</em>), ‘Camarosa cultivar’, produced in organic system and stored at 10ºC for nine days. Color, mass loss, incidence of rottenness and chemical analyses contents was evaluated. Suspension of cassava starch and grains of kefir milk reduced evolution of fruit coloration when compared uncoated fruits. Treatment associated cassava starch and kefir liquid resulted in a lower rottenness incidence and less mass loss of the fruits, is therefore recommended for postharvest organic strawberries. Anthocyanin and titrable acidity contents increased during storage, regardless of the treatments in general.

scholarly journals [Implementation of Arts Policy in The State of Kelantan from 1990 to 2015: Analysis According to Siasah Syar‘Iyyah] Pelaksanaan Dasar Kesenian di Negeri Kelantan dari Tahun 1990 Hingga 2015: Analisis Menurut Siasah Syar ‘Iyyah

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-102
Author(s):  
Mohd Asri Che Ibrahim ◽  
Shukeri Mohamad
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
State Government ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
The State ◽  
Cultural Performance ◽  
Arts Policy ◽  
Actual Position ◽  
The Arts ◽  
Political Perspective ◽  
And Control

This study was conducted to determine the actual position of political syar'iyyah from the perspective of Islam and its practices in the context of the state of Kelantan, especially in the field of art and entertainment. The study also followed up with the state government and police of the arts, as well as reforms carried out from 1990 to 2015. The focus of this research focuses on the application of the basic arts and entertainment through the enforcement of the Control of Entertainment and Places of Entertainment 1998, Cultural Performance Guidelines (entertainment) Act 1998 and Control of Entertainment Enactment 2003, which became the main purpose of the exercise of political syar'iyyah. Analysis carried out on the action and reform the state government to the arts by syar'iyyah political perspective. The study employs a library and analysis of official documents such as circulars, news, enactment and guidelines issued by the state government. The study found that ijtihad and reforms undertaken during the period managed to bring about change and give the benefit to the community in Kelantan. It is hoped that this study can contribute to the enrichment of the cultural heritage of the Malay Muslims in accordance with the tenets and formation syar'iyyah political capital of the arts and entertainment that coincide with Islamic law. We hope this study will help art researchers in the future. Keywords: Siasah syar'iyyah, Arts, Policy, Kelantan, Entertainment     Artikel ini bertujuan membincangkan konsep siasah syar‘iyyah, sejarah perkembangan kesenian, polisi kerajaan Kelantan terhadap siasah syar‘iyyah dan pelaksanaannya di negeri Kelantan. Secara khusus, fokus kajian ini dilakukan bermula semasa pemerintahan TGNA pada tahun 1990 sehingga sekarang. Kajian berbentuk analisis dokumen ini bersandar kepada pemerhatian terhadap dokumen rasmi kerajaan seperti surat pekeliling, warta, enakmen dan garis panduan yang dikeluarkan oleh kerajaan Kelantan. Selain itu, data-data kajian juga turut disokong oleh pelbagai literatur lain seperti buku-buku ilmiah serta    wacana-wacana ilmiah yang berkaitan.  Hasil kajian mendapati tindakan dan pembaharuan yang dilakukan oleh kerajaan Kelantan dalam bidang siasah syar’iyyah adalah berdasarkan al-Quran dan al-Sunnah serta ijtihad. Terdapat beberapa pembaharuan yang dianggap sebagai pra syarat untuk mengadakan sesuatu persembahan kesenian serta beberapa contoh perubahan dalam kesenian yang dipersembahkan di Kelantan selepas tahun 1990 hingga sekarang telah menunjukkan perubahan yang sangat ketara. Pelaksanaan dasar kesenian dan hiburan ini berjaya memberi kemaslahatan kepada rakyat, dan dalam masa yang sama ia juga berjaya mempertahankan beberapa nilai kesenian lama yang tidak bertentangan dengan Islam. Selain itu terdapat juga beberapa persembahan kesenian yang diberi roh Islam dari sudut pelaksanaannya untuk menjadi santapan hiburan terhadap masyarakat. Kajian ini menyumbang kepada pengkaryaan khazanah seni dan hiburan Islam, menjadi model terhadap pelaksanaan hiburan dan selain itu ia dapat membantu para pengkaji seni untuk menambahkan ilmu dalam bidang kesenian Islam.   Kata kunci: kesenian, hiburan, enakmen, ijtihad dan maslahah

scholarly journals Editorial for the Special Issue “Microbial Communities in Cultural Heritage and Their Control”

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (23) ◽  
pp. 11411
Author(s):  
Filomena De Leo ◽  
Valme Jurado
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
New Methods ◽  
And Control

This editorial focuses on the studies published within the present Special Issue presenting advances in the field of biodeterioration of cultural heritage caused by microbial communities with a particular focus on new methods for their elimination and control.

scholarly journals The Complex Compound of Amino Acids With Titanium (III) as a Method to Control and Synthesis of Different Structures of TiO2 Nanoparticles; Usage as Photocatalysts to Oxidize Alcohols to Aldehyde

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yahya Absalan ◽  
Nazanin Noroozi Shad ◽  
Mostafa Gholizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Chemical Analyses ◽  
Benzyl Alcohols ◽  
Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticle ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Nitrobenzyl Alcohol ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Full Investigation

Abstract Different types of the amino acids (Glutamine, Glycine, Alanine) were used to coordinate TiCl3 in order to investigating the best precursor for synthesis of TiO2. Also, a full investigation was carried out to synthesis four different structures of TiO2 nanoparticles [TiO2 (A0.8R0.2), TiO2 (A0.6R0.4), TiO2 (Anatase), and TiO2 (Rutile)]. Oxidation of derivatives alcohol to their corresponding aldehyde through the obtained nanoparticles, as a photocatalyst, under UV light was considered to investigate the best structure of TiO2. Different physical-chemical analyses were applied to investigate the result. The result showed that the titanium dioxide nanoparticle, synthesized from glycine was obtained at the least temperature and was chosen as a precursor to synthesis of four different types of TiO2. All the synthesized TiO2 were applied for oxidation of benzyl alcohols into benzaldehyde, as a test, and TiO2 (A0.6R0.4) could give the best result (87% efficiency). Then it was used to oxidize benzyl alcohol, 4-cholorobenzyl alcohol, 4-nitrobenzyl alcohol and 4-methoxybenzyl alcohol to their corresponding aldehyde and efficiency were 74, 92, 87, and 65% respectively.

scholarly journals Detection of internal N7-methylguanosine (m7G) RNA modifications by mutational profiling sequencing

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (20) ◽  
pp. e126-e126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christel Enroth ◽  
Line Dahl Poulsen ◽  
Søren Iversen ◽  
Finn Kirpekar ◽  
Anders Albrechtsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Yeast Cells ◽  
Alignment Error ◽  
Rna Modifications ◽  
Abasic Sites ◽  
Mutational Profiling ◽  
Domains Of Life ◽  
High Throughput Detection ◽  
Nucleotide Resolution ◽  
And Control

Abstract Methylation of guanosine on position N7 (m7G) on internal RNA positions has been found in all domains of life and have been implicated in human disease. Here, we present m7G Mutational Profiling sequencing (m7G-MaP-seq), which allows high throughput detection of m7G modifications at nucleotide resolution. In our method, m7G modified positions are converted to abasic sites by reduction with sodium borohydride, directly recorded as cDNA mutations through reverse transcription and sequenced. We detect positions with increased mutation rates in the reduced and control samples taking the possibility of sequencing/alignment error into account and use replicates to calculate statistical significance based on log likelihood ratio tests. We show that m7G-MaP-seq efficiently detects known m7G modifications in rRNA with mutational rates up to 25% and we map a previously uncharacterised evolutionarily conserved rRNA modification at position 1581 in Arabidopsis thaliana SSU rRNA. Furthermore, we identify m7G modifications in budding yeast, human and arabidopsis tRNAs and demonstrate that m7G modification occurs before tRNA splicing. We do not find any evidence for internal m7G modifications being present in other small RNA, such as miRNA, snoRNA and sRNA, including human Let-7e. Likewise, high sequencing depth m7G-MaP-seq analysis of mRNA from E. coli or yeast cells did not identify any internal m7G modifications.

scholarly journals The Application of Optoelectronic Elements to Control the Sowing Process

2019 ◽  
Vol 132 ◽  
pp. 01003
Author(s):  
Łukasz Gierz ◽  
Włodzimierz Keska
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
World Market ◽  
Electronic Equipment ◽  
The World ◽  
Photoelectric Sensor ◽  
Patent Literature ◽  
And Control

The article is an overview of scientific and patent literature as well as solutions available on the world market of electronic equipment for seed drills. Recently Dickey-John and Väderstad, which offers the SeedEye system, have been leading companies in this branch. Photoelectric sensors, which do not interfere with the seed flow, are often used to count seeds and control the correctness of sowing. The article describes and presents the results of simulation and laboratory tests of two original innovative concepts of a photoelectric sensor: 1 – with an infrared diode and a centrifugal seed stream concentrator, 2 - laser multi-reflection sensor

scholarly journals UTILIZAÇÃO DE BETACICLODEXTRINA "SABOR CAPRINO" DO IOGURTE DE LEITE DE CABRA

2001 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
DEISY ALESSANDRA DRUNKLER ◽  
ROSEANE FETT ◽  
MARILDE T. BORDIGNON LUIZ
Keyword(s):  
Milk Protein ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Goat Milk ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Total Carbohydrates ◽  
Strawberry Flavor ◽  
Scale Test ◽  
Sensorial Evaluation ◽  
And Control

Avaliou-se a influência da betaciclodextrina (beta-CD) na qualidade sensorial, na composição química e propriedades físicoquímicas (proteína, lipídios, sólidos totais, cinzas, acidez em ácido láctico, carboidratos totais e pH) do iogurte de leite de cabra, sabor morango. Para a avaliação sensorial utilizouse o teste de categoria. Os resultados demonstraram que houve diferença significativa ao nível de 1% de probabilidade entre os tratamentos teste e controle, para o iogurte contendo 0,40% de beta-CD, mostrando a eficiência da beta-CD na minimização do "sabor caprino" nesta concentração. As análises físico-químicas não apresentaram diferença estatística entre os tratamentos. O iogurte de leite de cabra adicionado de beta-CD pode tornar-se mais uma alternativa para o beneficiamento de leite de cabra e mais uma opção para indivíduos alérgicos às proteínas do leite de vaca. Abstract The influence of betaciclodextrin (betacd ) was evaluated in sensorial quality, chemical composition and physical chemical properties (protein, lipids, total solids, ashes, acidity in lactic acid, total carbohydrates and pH) of goat milk yogurt, strawberry flavor. For sensorial evaluation the category scale test was utilized. The results demonstrated significant differences at level of 1% probability between the test and control treatments, for the yogurt containing 0,40% of betaCD, showing the efficiency of betaCD in the minimization of the goaty flavor in this concentration. The physical chemical analysis didn’t show significant statistical difference between the treatments. The goat milk yogurt with addition of betaCD can become another alternative for goat milk processing and other option for allergic individuals to cow milk protein.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document