scholarly journals Diseases, moulds, insect-pests and mites of mushroom

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-226
Author(s):  
Durga Prasad ◽  
Ramji Singh
Keyword(s):  
Fruiting Body ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Market Price ◽  
Edible Mushrooms ◽  
Production Loss ◽  
Mushroom Cultivation ◽  
Extreme Pressure ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Great Relevance

Mushroom is defined as macro-fungus with distinctive edible fruiting body which can be either epigeous or hypogeous. Cultivation of edible mushrooms carries great relevance in todays’ world in the context of a burgeoning population growth and extreme pressure on the environment. Mushrooms are highly nutritious and environment friendly crops that carry numerous medicinal benefits. The intensive cultivations of edible mushrooms can often be affected by several insect-pests and diseases caused by fungi, bacteria, viruses, nematodes etc. that rather frequently cause dramatic production loss. The market price of edible mushrooms is also reduced due mould’s contaminations. These infestations, infections and contaminations are facilitated by the particular environmental conditions under which mushroom cultivation is commonly carried out. There is not much bibliographic information related to such stresses of mushrooms and their management. The updated review presents a practical checklist of diseases and pests of the mushroom, providing useful information that may help different users.

scholarly journals A survey of potato growers in Bangladesh: production and challenges

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-174
Author(s):  
Saifullah Omar Nasif ◽  
Md Nasir Hossain Sani ◽  
Md Saiful Islam ◽  
Md Touhidujjaman ◽  
Kaniz Fatema Punam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Potato Tuber ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Market Price ◽  
Storage Condition ◽  
Storage Pests ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Insecticide Spray

The study was conducted in the 20 upazila of 10 selected major potato growing districts of Bangladesh to find out the present potato cultivation status, challenges, diversity of pests and their risks management options among the farmers. The data were collected through interview of 500 potato farmers considering 25 potato farmers from each upazila. Infections of diseases were reported to be the major problems followed by lower market price of the produced potato. Other major problems faced during potato cultivation were insect pest attack and weed attack. The BARI Alu-7 (Diamant) was most susceptible potato variety to insect pests and diseases, whereas the Lal-pakhri was the least susceptible to pests. Most of the fields (98.50%) were infested by cutworm. Among these pests, cutworm and aphid were identified as major pests and caused high and moderate infestations respectively. Others were identified as minor pests of potato with low infestations. Potato tuber worm was found as the key pest in storage condition. Rat was reported as the most infesting vertebrate storage pests. Currently cutworm and aphid were more damaging insect pest of potato in field condition than previous infestation, and potato tuber worm was more damaging insect pest in storage. Insecticide spray is the most favorable pest control method among the potato growers. Only a little portion of farmers have knowledge about integrated pest management (IPM) practices. So, it is expected the proper awareness program and planning will be taken to handle such challenges.Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.5(2): 165-174, August 2018

Eco-smart pest management in rice farming: prospects and challenges

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (Special) ◽  
pp. 143-155
Author(s):  
SD Mohapatra ◽  
R Tripathi ◽  
Anjani Kumar ◽  
Suchismita Kar ◽  
Minati Mohapatra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insect Pests ◽  
Mobile Apps ◽  
Insect Species ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Pest Damage ◽  
Disruptive Technologies ◽  
Hyper Spectral ◽  
Rice Pest ◽  
Computer Based

The insect problem is accentuated in intensive rice cropping where the insects occur throughout the year in overlapping generations. Over 800 insect species damaging rice in one way or another, although the majority of them do very little damage. In India, about a dozen of insect species are of major importance but the economic damage caused by these species varies greatly from field to field and from year to year. Insect pests cause about 10-15 per cent yield losses. Farmers lose an estimated average of 37% of their rice crop to insect pests and diseases every year. This review focuses on precision farming tools being used in rice pest and diseases management viz., forecasting model for real-time pest-advisory services, hyper-spectral remote sensing in pest damage assessment, computer-based decision support system, disruptive technologies (mobile apps).

MANAGEMENT OF INSECT PESTS AND DISEASES OF LITCHI AND LONGAN IN CHINA

2010 ◽  
pp. 621-626 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.Q. Hu ◽  
J. Chen ◽  
Z.J. Cai ◽  
R.J. Wu ◽  
X.X. Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insect Pests ◽  
Pests And Diseases

scholarly journals Use of neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) as a biopesticide in agriculture: A review

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-117
Author(s):  
Kripa Adhikari ◽  
Sudip Bhandari ◽  
Dikshya Niraula ◽  
Jiban Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Reproductive Potential ◽  
Neem Extract ◽  
Fast Growing ◽  
Root Extracts ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Pest Damage ◽  
Azadirachtin A ◽  
Growth And Reproduction

Neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) is a member of Meliaceae family, a fast-growing tropical evergreen plant whose products were found effective against economically important insect pests and diseases. All parts of this plant particularly leaf, bark, and root extracts have the biopesticidal activities. Azadirachtin, a biopesticide obtained from neem extract, can be used for con-trolling various insect pests in agriculture. It acts on insects by repelling them, by inhibiting feeding, and by disrupting their growth, and reproduction. Neem-based formulations do not usually kill insects directly, but they can alter their behavior in significant ways to reduce pest damage to crops and reduce their reproductive potential. The neem is considered as an eas-ily accessible, eco-friendly, biodegradable, cheap, and non-toxic biopesticide which control the target pests. Thus, this re-view highlighted the extract, byproducts and roles of neem that can be used as potential biopesticide in agriculture.

scholarly journals Management of insect pests and diseases of tomato in farmer’s field through IPDM practices

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-71
Author(s):  
Noorulla Haveri ◽  
K.S. Nagaraja ◽  
K. Thulasiram
Keyword(s):  
Insect Pests ◽  
Pests And Diseases

scholarly journals Incidence of Pests and Diseases in Tree Nurseries and Plantations in Kimondi Forest, Nandi County, Kenya

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-28
Author(s):  
Joseph Atanga Ondieki ◽  
Peter Sirmah ◽  
Joseph Hitimana
Keyword(s):  
Insect Pests ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Eucalyptus Species ◽  
Cupressus Lusitanica ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
The Government ◽  
Increasing Demand

Increasing demand for wood is putting pressure on forest resources that are equally under threat from insect pests and diseases. Reported average annual forest loss stands at 0.2% globally, 0.8% in Africa, and 1.6% in Kenya. To meet the increasing demand for forest products in Kenya, the government and private sector have established plantations of non-native tree species dominated by Eucalyptus species, Cupressus lusitanica, and Pinus patula. To ensure successful forest plantation establishment and management schemes, there is a need for sufficient knowledge and understanding of tree growth conditions and threats including pests and diseases. This study aimed at determining the incidence of plantation and tree nurseries in Kimondi Forest, Kenya. Tree plantations were mapped into 2.5 Ha rectangular portion transects parallel to the forest roads.  In randomly selected portions, observations were carried out for disease and pest signs and symptoms on various tree parts (leaves, stem, roots, fruits, and twigs). In the tree nurseries, 3 m × 1 m rectangular quadrants were placed on seedling beds and similar observations were made. Collected data indicated a high incidence of nursery seedling pests (5.3 % leaves and 5.1%  stems) on Eucalyptus species and least on P. patula (2.4% leaves and 3% stems). Higher incidence of plantation pests (35.0% leaves of Eucalyptus sps.) and least on P. patula stems (1.2%) were recorded. On the other hand, twelve (12.0%) of C. lusitanica and (1.8%) Eucalyptus species plantation twigs were infested by pests. A high incidence of nursery seedling disease (9.8%) was observed on C. lusitanica leaves and least on P. patula stems (3.6%). Higher incidence of plantation diseases (32 %) on leaves of  Eucalyptus sps. and least on C. lusitanica stem (1.4%) was recorded. In both tree nurseries and plantations, roots and fruits remained free from pests and disease. Major tree pests and diseases identified in Kimondi forests include (Human, wildlife, livestock, Cinara cupressi, Gonipterus scutellatus, Pinus pini, and Leptocybe invasa) and (damping-off, Fusarium wilt, Botryosphaeria canker, cypress canker, and Mycosphaerella spp.) respectively. These results suggest a need for regular monitoring and intervention measures to control pest and disease infestation in the Kimondi forest.

scholarly journals PENDAMPINGAN & PELATIHAN BERWIRAUSAHA IBU-IBU PETANI JAGUNG

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Usman Usman ◽  
Veneranda Rini Hapsari
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Method ◽  
Market Price ◽  
Corn Flour ◽  
Entrepreneurship Training ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Interview Method ◽  
Industrial Material ◽  
Corn Prices

Abstract The problem faced by corn farmers is that the quality of corn prices is not in accordance with the market price because they do not drain well so that prices in the market have fallen considerably. The role of corn is very important and beneficial for human and animal life. And it is the second staple food after rice. While in the world corn ranks third after wheat and rice. The advantage of corn itself is that the harvest time is faster and very resistant to pests and diseases and higher production. (Ermanita, 2004). Indonesia is a tropical climate and fertile soil and as a country known as an agrarian nation, Indonesia is a country known for its rich biodiversity which is a mainstay in the fields of food, industry and energy. As an industrial material corn can be processed into processed oils, corn flour, sugar and others. The method used in this service is a method of training and teaching that is discussion, teaching method, participants of the training are housewives in the Farmer Business group. They are given material about how to make cakes so that they can be of selling value., Using the method (Discussion Method) Trainees are given the opportunity to discuss issues related to corn, using the interview method. The trainees were given the opportunity to be interviewed how much influence the training on baking for them in developing themselves.Keywords: ASSISTANCE, ENTREPRENEURSHIP,TRAINING FOR CORN  FARMERS

The future is now: revolution of RNA-mediated gene silencing in plant protection against insect pests and diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 643-662
Author(s):  
Fook-Hwa Lim ◽  
Omar Abd Rasid ◽  
Abdul Wahab Mohd As’wad ◽  
Ganesan Vadamalai ◽  
Ghulam Kadir Ahmad Parveez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Silencing ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
The Future
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