Seroepidemiology of Neospora Caninum in Dairy Cattle Farms with a History of Abortion in Isfahan Province, Iran

Abstract Background Reproductive problem is one of the main constraints of livestock genetic improvement efforts in tropical countries. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of major infectious causes of reproductive problems of dairy cattle in selected dairy farms in central Ethiopia. Overall 86 serum samples were collected from October 2018 to February 2019 from animals with history of reproductive problems. The collected serum was tested for antibody titer against Brucella species, Neospora caninum, Bovine Viral Diarrhea (BVD), Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR) and Q-fever using rose-bengal and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) tests. Result Among the animals with the history of reproductive disordered; abortion, still birth and repeat breeding cases were found in 61.6%, 19.8% and 18.6%, respectively. The prevalence of IBR, BVD, Neospora caninum and Coxiella brunetti was found to be 79.1%, 38.4%, 3.5% and 1.2%, respectively. The combined infection of both BVD and IBR were detected in 21% of animals. Out of the total animals examined in this study, 95.9% of Jersey breeds were found seropositive to IBR than Boran-Friesian crosses (57.7%). The incidence of BVD was significantly higher in Boran-Friesian crossbred cattle than in Jersey which was found to be 69.3% and 14.3, respectively. The prevalence of IBR and BVD was directly proportional with age of the animal and parity. Conclusion Vaccination against IBR and BVD is not practiced in Ethiopia, the rising level of those diseases in dairy sector needs regular surveillance and control program.

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Geographical distribution modelling for Neospora caninum and Coxiella burnetii infections in dairy cattle farms in northeastern Spain

Epidemiology and Infection ◽

10.1017/s0950268812000271 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 141 (1) ◽

pp. 81-90 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

C. NOGAREDA ◽

A. JUBERT ◽

V. KANTZOURA ◽

M. K. KOUAM ◽

H. FEIDAS ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cattle ◽

Geographical Distribution ◽

Coxiella Burnetii ◽

Ecological Niche ◽

Neospora Caninum ◽

Ecological Niche Modelling ◽

Spatial Scan Statistic ◽

High Concentration ◽

Niche Modelling ◽

Cattle Farms

SUMMARYMaximum entropy ecological niche modelling and spatial scan statistic were utilized to predict the geographical range and to investigate clusters of infections for Neospora caninum and Coxiella burnetii in dairy cattle farms in Catalonia, northeastern Spain, using the Maxent and SaTScan programs, respectively. The geographical distribution of Neospora and Coxiella with the highest level of probability (P > 0·60) covers central Catalonia and spreads towards northeastern Catalonia which contains a high concentration of dairy cattle farms. The most important environmental factor that contributed to the ecological niche modelling was precipitation of driest month followed by elevation. Significant clusters (P < 0·001) were detected for Neospora and Coxiella infections in the western and eastern regions of Catalonia, respectively.

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Prevalence of Neospora caninum Antibodies in Dogs From Dairy Cattle Farms in Parana, Brazil

Journal of Parasitology ◽

10.1645/0022-3395(2002)088[0408:poncai]2.0.co;2 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 88 (2) ◽

pp. 408-409 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

S. L P. de Souza ◽

J. S. Guimarães Jr. ◽

F. Ferreira ◽

J. P. Dubey ◽

S. M. Gennari

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cattle ◽

Neospora Caninum ◽

Cattle Farms

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Associação do histórico de abortamento com a presença de anticorpos anti-Neospora caninum em vacas leiteiras

Semina Ciências Agrárias ◽

10.5433/1679-0359.2018v39n6p2443 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 39 (6) ◽

pp. 2443 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Tiago Andre Frigotto ◽

Thiago Alexandre Simon Genz ◽

Beatriz De Souza Lima Nino ◽

Dauton Luiz Zulpo ◽

João Luis Garcia

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cattle ◽

Dairy Cows ◽

Indirect Immunofluorescence ◽

Neospora Caninum ◽

Dairy Farms ◽

Economic Losses ◽

Serum Antibodies ◽

History Of

Neospora caninum is an important cause of abortions in dairy cattle, leading to severe economic losses. The objective of this study was to determine the association of serum antibodies against N. caninum with a history of abortion in dairy cows. A total of 46 dairy cows from nine dairy farms were evaluated; 28 with a history of one or more abortions and 18 without a history of abortions. Antibodies against N. caninum were detected by indirect immunofluorescence, and the reaction was considered positive when the titer was ?1:50. Serum antibodies against N. caninum were detected in 39.1% (18/46) of all cows, 57.1% (16/28) of cows with a history of abortion, and 11.1% (2/18) of cows without a history of abortion. Among the seropositive cows, 88.9% had a history of abortion. All farms showed at least one animal positive for N. caninum. These results indicate an association between seropositivity for N. caninum and a history of abortion in cows. Cows with a history of abortion were 10.6 times more likely to be seropositive for N. caninum than cows without a history of abortion. Therefore, we concluded that there is an association between a history of abortion and the presence of antibodies against N. caninum in dairy cows.

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Reproductive diseases in a small dairy farm and its importance in regional development

Research Society and Development ◽

10.33448/rsd-v9i10.8390 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (10) ◽

pp. e1979108390

Author(s):

Maria Augusta Dorigan Bondezan ◽

Filipe Corrêa Pacheco ◽

Ulisses de Pádua Pereira ◽

Roberta Torres Chiderolli ◽

Italmar Teodorico Navarro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Toxoplasma Gondii ◽

Dairy Cattle ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Neospora Caninum ◽

Local Population ◽

Dairy Farm ◽

Control Measures ◽

Reproductive Parameters ◽

History Of ◽

Small Producers

Losses due to low reproductive efficiency can economically affect production in a small dairy farm. The aim of this study was to detect the presence of anti-Leptospira, anti-Toxoplasma gondii, and anti-Neospora caninum antibodies in dairy cows with history of reproductive problems at a small dairy farm in Umuarama, Paraná, Brazil. The evaluated herd presented with history of abortion and return to estrus. Of the 37 samples analyzed, 10 (27%) were positive in microscopic serum agglutination, with titers ranging from 100 to 400, 21 (56.75%) were positive for Toxoplasma gondii in the indirect immunofluorescence test (IIFT), with titers ranging from 16 to 256, and four (10.8%) were positive for Neospora caninum in IIFT, with titers ranging from 25 to 50. No variables were associated with any infection. Leptospirosis, toxoplasmosis, and neosporosis are widespread in herds and may have a negative impact on reproductive parameters of dairy cattle. Periodic serological evaluations are important, as they may guide the choice of preventive disease control measures in the herd and also alert and educate small producers and the local population on the possible presence of zoonoses spread by these infectious agents, in addition, it can be concluded that infectious diseases can have negative implications on the reproductive parameters of dairy cattle causing return to heat and abortion.

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Survey of perceptions and attitudes of an international group of veterinarians regarding antibiotic use and resistance on dairy cattle farms

Preventive Veterinary Medicine ◽

10.1016/j.prevetmed.2020.105253 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 188 ◽

pp. 105253

Author(s):

Sebastian G. Llanos-Soto ◽

Neil Vezeau ◽

Michelle Wemette ◽

Ece Bulut ◽

Amelia Greiner Safi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cattle ◽

Antibiotic Use ◽

International Group ◽

Perceptions And Attitudes ◽

Cattle Farms

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Influence on the implementation of biosecurity measures in dairy cattle farms: Communication between veterinarians and dairy farmers

Preventive Veterinary Medicine ◽

10.1016/j.prevetmed.2021.105329 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 190 ◽

pp. 105329

Author(s):

Sebastián Moya ◽

Kin Wing (Ray) Chan ◽

Stephen Hinchliffe ◽

Henry Buller ◽

Josep Espluga ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cattle ◽

Dairy Farmers ◽

Cattle Farms

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Occurrence of abortions induced by Neospora caninum in dairy cattle from Santa Catarina, southern Brazil

Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária ◽

10.1590/s1984-29612017051 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 26 (3) ◽

pp. 292-298 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Cesar Augusto Barbosa de Macedo ◽

Madlaine Frigo Silveira Barbosa de Macedo ◽

Ana Carolina Miura ◽

Alessandra Taroda ◽

Sergio Tosi Cardim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cattle ◽

Dairy Cows ◽

High Frequency ◽

Neospora Caninum ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Southern Brazil ◽

Chain Reaction ◽

Santa Catarina ◽

Tissue Samples ◽

Polymerase Chain

Abstract The aim of the present study was to investigate the occurrence of N. caninum associated with abortions of dairy cattle from Santa Catarina state, southern Brazil by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), immunohistochemistry (IHC), and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Blood from dairy cows that aborted along with intrathoracic fluid and tissue samples (brain, heart, liver, and lung) from their fetuses were collected and used for serology; PCR, histopathological, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) evaluations were also conducted. Twenty-one cows (51.2%) out of 41, and eight fetuses (26.7%) out of 30 were ELISA (HerdCheck, IDEXX) positive for N. caninum. Dams > 36 months of age had a higher risk of being serum positive than younger animals. PCR and IHC revealed that 38.8% (14/36) and 25.0% (9/36) of the fetuses were positive for N. caninum, respectively for each of the tests. Seropositive cows had a higher frequency of fetuses that were also positive by either intrathoracic fluid, PCR, or IHC. In summary, the present study observed a high frequency of N. caninum in abortions from dairy cows from southern Brazil, with a higher N. caninum prevalence found in cows that were older than 36 months. In addition, serology, PCR, and IHC should be used all together for better diagnosis of neosporosis in cattle.

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