scholarly journals Space Traffic Management (STM) – Legal Aspects

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Polkowska ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Management ◽  
Outer Space ◽  
Air Traffic Management ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Air Traffic ◽  
Civil Aviation ◽  
International Civil Aviation Organization ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Security Regulations ◽  
Space Activities

Space Traffic Management (STM) is a new concept referring to space activities. The highest priority is the safety and security of outer space and all conducted operations. There is no definition of STM. There is an urgent need to regulate STM providing safety and security regulations at the international, regional, and national levels. Because there is no STM definition, the regulator might use the example of existing regulations of the International Civil Aviation Organization on Air Traffic Management (ATM). European EUSST is a good example of being a “precursor” of STM. However, many questions are still open regarding specific regulations needed to create an STM system, such as at which level they should be made: globally, regionally, or nationally.

scholarly journals SAFETY AND SECURITY IN SPACE TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT REGULATIONS

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 287-304
Author(s):  
Małgorzata POLKOWSKA
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Management ◽  
Outer Space ◽  
National Level ◽  
Air Traffic Management ◽  
Air Traffic ◽  
Civil Aviation ◽  
International Civil Aviation Organization ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Security Regulations ◽  
Space Activities

The Space Traffic Management (STM) is a new concept referring to the space activities. The highest priority is safety and security of outer space and all conducted operations. There is no definition of STM. There is an urgent need to regulate STM providing safety and security regulations at international, regional and national level. Due to the fact that there is no STM definition, the regulator might use the example of existing regulations of International Civil Aviation Organization on Air Traffic Management (ATM). There are many questions, still open, regarding specific regulations needed and at which level they should be made: globally or nationally.

European ATC Harmonization and Integration Programme

1993 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 326-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Marten
Keyword(s):  
European Commission ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Air Traffic Management ◽  
Air Traffic ◽  
Civil Aviation ◽  
International Civil Aviation Organization ◽  
Traffic System ◽  
Capacity Limitations ◽  
Future System ◽  
Traffic Management System

Europe is moving towards a more closely integrated air traffic management system through the European ATC Harmonization and Integration Programme (EATCHIP). This paper explains the need for such an approach and how it was brought about by capacity limitations in the current European air traffic system. It describes the key strategy of progressive harmonization and integration by the various States, examines the roles of the European Civil Aviation Conference (ECAC), the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), EUROCONTROL and the European Commission in the management of the Air Traffic Management (ATM) development programmes. It also reviews the longer-term planning of a future system with an enhanced relationship between the air and the ground, and addresses the navigation aspects of ATM systems.

scholarly journals Rotorcraft in the Performance Based Navigation International Civil Aviation Organization Implementation

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-64
Author(s):  
Andrzej Fellner ◽  
Robert Konieczka
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Management ◽  
Air Traffic Management ◽  
Air Transport ◽  
Civil Aviation ◽  
General Assembly ◽  
International Civil Aviation Organization ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Performance Based Navigation ◽  
Navigation Accuracy ◽  
Efficiency Improve

Abstract European Commision adopted in July new regulations about laying down airspace usage requirements and operating procedures concerning performance based navigation. It is next step in realization of the the global program PBN ICAO. At the 36th General Assembly of ICAO held in 2007, the Republic of Poland agreed to ICAO resolution A36-23 which urges all States to implement PBN. In future aviation concepts the use of Performance Based Navigation (PBN) is considered to be a major Air Traffic Management (ATM) concept element. ICAO has drafted standards and implementation guidance for PBN in the ICAO Doc 9613 “PBN Manual”. The Based Performance Navigation Concept represents and shift from sensor-based to performance based navigation connected with criteria for navigation: accuracy, integrity, availability, continuity and functionality depending on the phase of the flight. Through PBN and changes in the communication, surveillance and ATM domain, many advanced navigation applications are possible to improve airspace efficiency, improve airport sustainability, reduce the environmental impact of air transport in terms of noise and emission, increase safety and improve flight efficiency.

scholarly journals A High-Precision Fatigue Detecting Method for Air Traffic Controllers Based on Revised Fractal Dimension Feature

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiyuan Shen ◽  
Guozhuang Pan ◽  
Yonggang Yan
Keyword(s):  
Fractal Dimension ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Air Traffic Management ◽  
Air Traffic ◽  
Civil Aviation ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Speech Signals ◽  
Speech Database ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Detecting Method

As air traffic volume increases, the air traffic controller (ATC) fatigue has become a major cause for air traffic accidents. However, the conventional fatigue-detecting methods based on speech are neither effective nor accurate because the speech signals are nonlinear and complicated. In this paper, an ATC fatigue-detecting method based on fractal dimension (FD) is proposed. Firstly, a special speech database of ATC radiotelephony communications is constructed. These radiotelephony communications are obtained from Air Traffic Management Shandong Bureau of China. Then, speech signals implement a wavelet decomposition and FD calculation. The calculation result shows the significant difference among the FD of the speech signal before and after fatigue. Furthermore, a novel fatigue feature of the ATC based on the FD of speech is built. A series of experiments are conducted to detect the ATC fatigue with the fatigue feature comparison process and a support vector machine (SVM). The results show that the accuracy in detecting ATC fatigue based on FD was 92.82%, which are higher than the state-of-the art methods. The research provides a theoretical guidance for Air Traffic Management Authority on detecting ATC’s fatigue, while it may provide reference for the fatigue assessment in other professional fields of civil aviation.

scholarly journals Towards Sustainability in Air Traffic Management

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 5451
Author(s):  
Utku Kale ◽  
István Jankovics ◽  
András Nagy ◽  
Dániel Rohács
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Management ◽  
Electrodermal Activity ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Air Traffic Management ◽  
Air Traffic ◽  
Civil Aviation ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Dynamic Approach ◽  
Gas Generation ◽  
Wide Range

The International Civil Aviation Organization is estimated that the number of domestic and international passengers will be expected to reach six billion by 2030. This exponential growth in air transport has resulted in a wide range of adverse effects such as environmental impacts. The purpose of this research is to develop new air traffic management, and operator (pilots, air traffic controllers) load measuring systems in order to save fuel, and flight time, thereby reducing environmental impact, carbon emission, greenhouse gas generation, noise pollution, and operating cost. This paper deals with: (i) dynamic sectorization and airspace configuration (ii) introduction of the highly dynamic approach and landing procedures, (iii) dilemmas of human in sustainability (related to the individuals, the society, the non-governmental organizations, and the managers), and (iv) development of dedicated non-intrusive operator supporting systems based on eye-tracking, heart rate, and electrodermal activity. Due to the consequent effects of these developments, the dynamic sectorization and air space configuration may eliminate the task overload and reduce the actual operator load by 30–40%. With the developed concept of dynamic approach and landing procedures, aircraft will be able to follow better trajectories to avoid residential areas around airports to (i) reduce ground noise, and emission, (ii) avoid encounters severe weather and prevent incidents and accidents, and (iii) decrease landing distance up to 56% in compared to the “published transition route”.

A Study on Geometric and Barometric Altitude Data in Automatic Dependent Surveillance Broadcast (ADS-B) Messages

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
pp. 1140-1158
Author(s):  
Busyairah Syd Ali ◽  
Nur Asheila Taib
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Control ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Air Traffic Management ◽  
Air Traffic ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite Systems ◽  
Civil Aviation ◽  
Vertical Separation ◽  
Satellite Systems ◽  
Flight Level ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite

In Air Traffic Control (ATC), aircraft altitude data is used to keep an aircraft within a specified minimum distance vertically from other aircraft, terrain and obstacles to reduce the risk of collision. Two types of altitude data are downlinked by radar; actual flight level (Mode C) and selected altitude (Mode S). Flight level indicates pressure altitude, also known as barometric altitude used by controllers for aircraft vertical separation. ‘Selected altitude’ presents intent only, and hence cannot be used for separation purposes. The emergence of Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSSs) has enabled geometric altitude on board and to the controllers via the Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) system. In addition, ADS-B provides quality indicator parameters for both geometric and barometric altitudes. Availability of this information will enhance Air Traffic Management (ATM) safety. For example, incidents due to Altimetry System Error (ASE) may potentially be avoided with this information. This work investigates the use and availability of these parameters and studies the characteristics of geometric and barometric data and other data that complement the use of these altitude data in the ADS-B messages. Findings show that only 8·7% of the altitude deviation is < 245 feet (which is a requirement of the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) to operate in Reduced Vertical Separation Minimum (RVSM) airspace). This work provides an alert/guidance for future ground or airborne applications that may utilise geometric/barometric altitude data from ADS-B, to include safety barriers that can be found or analysed from the ADS-B messages itself to ensure ATM safety.

scholarly journals Research on Optimization of Aircraft Climb Trajectory considering Environmental Impact

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Fangzi Liu ◽  
Minghua Hu ◽  
Wenying Lv ◽  
Honghai Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Air Traffic Management ◽  
Air Traffic ◽  
Civil Aviation ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Theoretical Support ◽  
The Impact

Trajectory-based operation is a new technology that will be developed in the next generation of air traffic management. In order to clarify the optimization space of fuel consumption and emission impact on the environment under the specific operation limitation of air traffic management in the process of aircraft climb, an aircraft climb performance parameter optimization model considering the environmental impact is established. First, the horizontal and vertical climb models are established for the aircraft climb process, and then the optimization objectives are constructed by considering the impact of fuel consumption, exhaust emissions on air temperature, and the convenience of the flight process. Finally, the multiobjective model is solved by genetic algorithm. The B737-800 civil aviation aircraft is selected for simulation experiment to analyze the impact of speed change on the optimization target. The results show that with the change of speed, the fuel consumption and temperature rise are different, and the climb performance parameters of the aircraft are affected by the maximum RTA. By optimizing the flight parameters of the aircraft, it can effectively reduce the impact of flight on the environment and provide theoretical support for the sustainable development of civil aviation.

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