scholarly journals INTERAÇÃO DE NÍVEIS DE ÁGUA E DENSIDADE DE PLANTAS NO CRESCIMENTO E PRODUTIVIDADE DO FEIJÃO-CAUPI, EM TERESINA, PI

Irriga ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 502-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Raquel Mendes de Oliveira ◽  
Aderson Soares de Andrade Júnior ◽  
Valdenir Queiroz Ribeiro ◽  
Ramilos Rodrigues de Brito ◽  
Marcus Willame Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Water Plant ◽  
Plant Densities ◽  
Pod Length ◽  
Irrigation Levels

INTERAÇÃO DE NÍVEIS DE ÁGUA E DENSIDADE DE PLANTAS NO CRESCIMENTO E PRODUTIVIDADE DO FEIJÃO-CAUPI, EM TERESINA, PI  SIMONE RAQUEL MENDES DE OLIVEIRA1; ADERSON SOARES DE ANDRADE JÚNIOR2; VALDENIR QUEIROZ RIBEIRO3; RAMILOS RODRIGUES DE BRITO4 E MARCUS WILLAME CARVALHO5 1Eng. Agrônoma, Doutora em Engenharia Agrícola, Professora Colégio Técnico de Teresina, Teresina – PI, e-mail: [email protected]. Agrônomo, Doutor em Irrigação e Drenagem, Pesquisador da Embrapa Meio-Norte, Teresina – PI.3Eng. Agrônomo, Mestre em Estatística Experimental, Pesquisador da Embrapa Meio-Norte, Teresina – PI.4Eng. Agrônomo, Doutorando em Irrigação e Drenagem, UNESP/FCA, Botucatu – SP.5Eng. Agrônomo, Mestre em Irrigação e Drenagem, CCA-UFPI, Teresina – PI.  1 RESUMO O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar a influência de níveis de água e densidade de plantas no crescimento (matéria seca e área foliar) e produtividade do feijão-caupi (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.). O experimento foi conduzido na área experimental da Embrapa Meio-Norte, localizada no município de Teresina, Piauí - Brasil, no período de julho a setembro de 2012. O solo local foi classificado como Argissolo Vermelho-Amarelo de textura franco-arenosa. Utilizou-se o delineamento experimental em blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos foram arranjados num esquema fatorial 5 x 4, sendo os fatores cinco níveis de irrigação: 393,53; 340,34; 300,50; 260,39 e 201,73 mm, aplicados por meio de um sistema de irrigação por aspersão convencional, e quatro densidades de plantas: 150.000; 200.000; 250.000; 300.000 plantas ha-1. Apenas na matéria seca não houve interação significativa entre os níveis de irrigação e densidade de plantas. A área foliar, produtividade de grãos, número de vagens por planta, massa de vagens, produtividade de vagens, comprimento de vagem e massa de cem grãos que apresentaram valores máximos de: 1.301,89 cm²; 1.668,86 kg ha-1; 2,24; 2.248,16 kg; 1.873,45 kg ha-1; 18,70 cm e 22,72 g, alcançados com as lâminas de: 367,86; 390,88; 393,53; 393,53; 393,53; 348,40 e 322,63 mm associados às densidades de: 188.000; 241.000; 110.000; 254.000; 254.000; 223.000 e 300.000 plantas.ha-1, respectivamente. Palavras-chave: estresse hídrico, adensamento, competição intraespecífica.  OLIVEIRA, S. R. M. de; ANDRADE JÚNIOR, A. S. de; RIBEIRO, V. Q.; BRITO, R. R. de; CARVALHO, M. W. INTERACTION BETWEEN LEVELS OF WATER AND PLANT DENSITY ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF COWPEA IN TERESINA, PI   2 ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of levels of water, plant density and their interaction  on growth (dry matter and leaf area) and yield of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.). The experiment was carried out at the experimental area of Middle- North Embrapa in Teresina city, Piauí-Brazil from July to September 2012 in a Ultisol soil.  A randomized block experimental design was used with four replicates.  Treatments were applied in a   5 x 4 factorial design and 5 levels of irrigation as factors:  393.53; 340.34; 300.50; 260.39 and 201.73 mm applied through  an irrigation system by conventional sprinkler, and four plant densities:  150,000; 200,000; 250,000; 300,000 plants ha-1. A significant interaction between irrigation levels and plant density was found in all study parameters except for dry matter.  Leaf area, grain yield, number of pods per plant, pod weight, pod yield, pod length and hundred grain weight had maximum values of   1,301.89 cm²;  1,668.86 kg ha-1; 2.24; 2,248.16 kg; 1,873.45 kg ha-1; 18.70 cm and 22.72 g,  which were reached using the following  water depths:   367.86; 390.88; 393.53; 393.53; 393.53; 348.40 and  322.63 mm associated with densities of : 188,000; 241,000; 110,000;254,000; 254,000; 223,000 and  300,000 plants.ha-1 , respectively. Keywords: water stress, density, intraspecific competition. 

scholarly journals Comparison of Growth Indices of Nigella sativa L. under Different Plant Densities and Fertilization

2019 ◽  
pp. 231
Author(s):  
Ioannis Roussis, Ioanna Kakabouki, Dimitrios Bilalis
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Nigella Sativa ◽  
Crop Growth ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Growth Indices ◽  
Area Index ◽  
High Plant Density ◽  
Plant Densities

Agronomic practices such as plant density and fertilizer management are referred to comprise crop environment, which influences plant growth, productivity, and ultimately the yield. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the influence of plant density and fertilization on the growth and growth indices of Nigella sativa crop and to determine the association between yield and growth characteristics at both the single plant and crop stand level. The 2-year experiment was laid out in a split-plot design, with three replications, two main plots (200 and 300 plants m-2) and four sub-plots (fertilization treatments: control, compost, farmyard manure and inorganic fertilizer). The highest absolute growth rate (AGR) (0.0321 g day-1) and relative growth rate (RGR) (0.0714 g g-1 day-1) values were recorded when plants subjected to low-density and inorganic fertilization, while the highest crop growth rate (CGR) (8.0342 g m-2 day-1) was obtained under high-plant density and inorganic fertilization. Concerning specific leaf area (SLA), the highest value (196.28 cm2 g-1) was found in inorganic fertilized treatment. Leaf area index (LAI), Leaf area duration (LAD) and Biomass duration (BMD) were positively affected by both plant density and fertilization with the greatest values observed under high-density and fertilization. In conclusion, plant densities higher than 200 plants m-2 lead to higher crop growth, but lower growth of individual plants and decreased seed yield, while the application of inorganic fertilizers increases crop growth and yield as these fertilizers contain higher levels of nitrogen with high solubility and therefore quick availability for the crop than the organic fertilizers.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF IRRIGATION LEVELS AND PLANT DENSITY ON "SECOND-SEASON" MAIZE

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 665-676 ◽  
Author(s):  
LUIS HUMBERTO BAHÚ BEN ◽  
MARCIA XAVIER PEITER ◽  
ADROALDO DIAS ROBAINA ◽  
ANA RITA COSTENARO PARIZI ◽  
GIDEON UJACOV DA SILVA
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Border Region ◽  
Irrigation Level ◽  
Federal Institute ◽  
Grain Productivity ◽  
Western Border ◽  
Plant Densities ◽  
Maize Grain ◽  
Irrigation Levels

ABSTRACT This study assessed the effect of different irrigation levels and plant densities on maize crops cultivated during the second season in the Western Border region of the State of Rio Grande do Sul. This work was conducted at the Federal Institute of Farroupilha - Alegrete Campus/RS - between January and June 2014. Treatments were arranged in a completely randomized 5 × 4 factorial design, with 3 replicates each. Irrigation of fixed amounts of water that were based on the evapotranspiration of the culture (Etc): 0, 50, 75, 100, and 125% of Etc were applied at 5-day intervals. Four densities of plants were defined (4, 7, 10, and 13 plants m-2). We assessed number of maize ears per plant, number of grains per ear, aboveground dry matter, mass of 100 grains, harvest index, and grain productivity. The number of grains per ear, mass of 100 grains, and grain yield were influenced by irrigation levels. Plant density and water depth influenced the number of grains per ear, the mass of 100 grains, and grain productivity. The highest yield of winter maize grain was achieved with a combination of 13 plants per m-2 and an irrigation level of 100% of Etc. Specific densities of plants maximized the yield of maize at each irrigation level, demonstrating that choice of plant density is a critical variable in the second crop of maize, and significantly influences the components of production.

Effect of plant population on growth and yield of soya bean(Glycine max)

1973 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. A. C. Enyi
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Soya Bean ◽  
Plant Population ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Matter Production

SummaryIn soya beans (var. 3H55F4/149/1) grown in Tanzania, the total dry matter per plant, pod weight/stem weight, shelling percentage, number of nodes per plant, number of pods per plant, percentage number of nodes with pods, number of filled pods per plant, number of branches per plant, and grain weight from side branches decreased with increase in plant density from 74 to 111, 222, and 444 thousand plants per hectare. Grain yield per hectare decreased by 38, 51, and 72% respectively with the increases in plant population, but yield of total dry matter per hectare showed a significant increase with density. Crop growth rate increased with increasing leaf area, which in turn increased with increasing plant density. Relative growth rate, however, decreased with rising population. Over the range of the densities studied grain yield was positively related to number of side branches but negatively related to dry-matter production, leaf area duration and percentage of light intercepted. The proportion of dry matter accumulated in the pods and side branches decreased with increase in population, whereas the proportion accumulated in the main stem increased. Light seems to be the major factor controlling grain yield in this variety of soya bean, low light intensity under the plant leading to a reduction in the number of side branches, number of pods per plant and number of nodes with pods.

Effects of Plant Density and Thinning on High-Yielding Dry Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) in Mexíco

1977 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 325-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aguilar M. Immer ◽  
R. A. Fischer ◽  
Joshue Kohashi S.
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Plant Competition ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Positive Relation ◽  
Dry Beans ◽  
Leaf Area Duration ◽  
Pod Number

SUMMARYThe influence of leaf area and inter-plant competition on the growth and yield of a crop of high-yielding dry beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in central Mexico was studied, using density and thinning treatments. The highest seed yield (4210 kg/ha at 14% moisture) was obtained with the highest density (28·8 plants/m2). Thinning showed that pods/plant was sensitive to inter-plant competition between 36 and 78 days after seeding (first flower at 50 days), but seeds/pod, and especially seed weight, were not sensitive. It is suggested that the close positive relation between yield and leaf area duration derives from the influence of photosynthate supply upon pod number.

Earliness of an indeterminate crop, Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp., as affected by drought, temperature, and plant density

1982 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 531 ◽  
Author(s):  
DA Grantz ◽  
AE Hall
Keyword(s):  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Severe Drought ◽  
Base Temperature ◽  
Semiarid Environments ◽  
Land Race ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Moderate Drought ◽  
Extreme Variability

Earliness of an indeterminate crop, Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp., was studied to aid development of selection techniques for improving adaptation to semiarid environments. Earliness was based upon the time of first appearance of floral buds and flowers, proportion of shoot dry matter in reproductive parts at midseason, and time of maturity. A cowpea land race, Chino 3, was earlier than cultivars California Blackeye No. 3 and No. 5, with respect to all of these criteria. Time to flowering from different sowing dates was related to heat units, which were calculated from daily mean air temperature above a base temperature of c. 10�C. The proportions of shoot dry matter in reproductive parts during early stages of pod-filling were greater with moderate drought but were unaffected by severe drought, compared with the response of adequately irrigated plants. Widely spaced plants exhibited greater proportions of shoot dry matter in reproductive parts at midseason than did closely spaced plants. Adaptation of cowpeas to semiarid environments may be improved by selecting for early partitioning of carbohydrates to reproductive parts. Selection for early partitioning may be more effective in adequately watered conditions, owing to extreme variability under drought, and at wide and precise spacing.

scholarly journals PLANT DENSITY AND NITROGEN FERTILIZATION ON COMMON BEAN NUTRITION AND YIELD

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 670-678 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROGÉRIO PERES SORATTO ◽  
TIAGO ARANDA CATUCHI ◽  
EMERSON DE FREITAS CORDOVA DE SOUZA ◽  
JADER LUIS NANTES GARCIA
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
N Concentration ◽  
Plant Densities ◽  
N Rates ◽  
Lower Plant

ABSTRACT The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of plant densities and sidedressed nitrogen (N) rates on nutrition and productive performance of the common bean cultivars IPR 139 and Pérola. For each cultivar, a randomized complete block experimental design was used in a split-plot arrangement, with three replicates. Plots consisted of three plant densities (5, 7, and 9 plants ha-1) and subplots of five N rates (0, 30, 60, 120, and 180 kg ha-1). Aboveground dry matter, leaf macro- and micronutrient concentrations, yield components, grain yield, and protein concentration in grains were evaluated. Lower plant densities (5 and 7 plants m-1) increased aboveground dry matter production and the number of pods per plant and did not reduce grain yield. In the absence of N fertilization, reduction of plant density decreased N concentration in common bean leaves. Nitrogen fertilization linearly increased dry matter and leaf N concentration, mainly at lower plant densities. Regardless of plant density, the N supply linearly increased grain yield of cultivars IPR 139 and Pérola by 17.3 and 52.2%, respectively.

scholarly journals Growth and yield of wheat at different dates of sowing under chrland ecosystem of Bangladesh

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
MM Kamrozzaman ◽  
MAH Khan ◽  
S Ahmed ◽  
N Sultana
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Crop Growth ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Crop Growth Rate

An experiment was conducted at Sadipur charland under Farming System Research and Development Site, Hatgobindapur, Faridpur, during rabi season of 2012-13 and 2013-14 to study the growth and yield performance of cv. BARI Gom-24 as affected by different dates of sowing under Agro-ecological Zone-12 (AEZ-12) of Bangladesh. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with six replications, comprising five different dates of sowing viz. November 5, November 15, November 25, December 5 and December 15. Results reveal that the tallest plant, leaf area index, total dry matter, and crop growth rate were observed in November 25 sown crop and leaf area index, total dry matter and crop growth rate were higher at booting, grain filling, and tillering stages of the crop. Maximum effective tillers hill-1 (3.49), spikes m-2, (311), number of grains spike-1 (42.20) and 1000-grain weight (52.10 g) were produced by November 25 sown crop exhibited the highest grain (4.30 t ha-1) and straw yield (4.94 t ha-1) as well as harvest index (46.88%) of the crop. Lowest performance was observed both in early (November 5) and late sown crop (December 15). The overall results indicated that November 25 sown crop showed better performance in respect of growth and yield of wheat under charland ecosystem of Bangladesh.J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 14(2): 147-154, December 2016

scholarly journals Performance of Plantain (Musa Paradisiaca L) Fruit Yield and Quality under Different Planting Densities and Water Application

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 1237-1242
Author(s):  
Murphy Kayode M ◽  
Ozigbo Emmanuel S ◽  
Adunoye Francis O
Keyword(s):  
Plant Density ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Disease Spread ◽  
International Institute ◽  
Black Sigatoka ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Plant Densities

The performance of plantain fruit yield and quality under different planting densities under an influence of irrigation system was investigated at International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. Experiments were set up as a split plot fitted into randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Main plots are irrigation system while sub-plots are plant densities. Treatments included four plant densities (1 x 2, 2 x 2, 2 x 3, and 3 x 3 m), two irrigation systems and their combination where irrigation system was the main plot and plant density the sub-plot. Over 2,000 agbagba suckers were pared and hot–water treated, and planted during the first week of the experiment. Manure was applied at the rate of three spades full per plant for nutrient supplement; and mulching was done. Weeds were manually controlled as at when due. Plantain diseases like yellow sigatoka and black sigatoka were also controlled manually by de-leafing infected leaves to prevent disease spread. Data were collected and analyzed using ANOVA. Duncan multiple range test (DMRT) was used for mean separation at 5% level of significance. The results of ANOVA showed that there were significant effects (P < 0.05) due to irrigation application for all measured parameters whereas effects due to plant densities were significant for only these parameters; number of suckers (NOS), sucker height (SUHT), number of leaves on sucker (NLSC), bunch weight (BWT), number of hand (NHND), total number of finger (TFNG) and number of sucker at flowering (NSCK). Therefore, it can be concluded that plant spacing, and regular water supply plays a significant role in obtaining good yield in plantain production

scholarly journals Growth and Yield Performance of Bari Mung-5 Under Different Time of Sowing

2012 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-231
Author(s):  
Nargis Jahan ◽  
M M Golam Adam
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Lower Yield ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Pod Length

A field experiment was carried out at University of Dhaka from March to July, 2011 to study the effect of time of sowing on the growth and yield of BARI mung-5. The treatments consisted of three dates of sowing viz. March 15, April 15 and May 15. The crop responded significantly to sowing time and 15 April sowing seeds produced plants having maximum plant height (68.4 cm), leaves/plant (29.33), total dry matter/plant (17.99), branches/plant (8.17), pods/plant (11.33), pod length (8.78 cm), seeds/pod (11.17), 1000 seed weight (46.52 g), seed yield/plant (5.33 g), yield/ha (1.77 t) and harvest index (29.58 %) at harvest. The seed yield decreased by 36.8 and 49.9% when seed sown early (15 March) or late (15 May) due to production of lower yield components.   DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbas.v36i2.12966   Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences, Vol. 36, No. 2, 227-231, 2012    

Effects of high plant populations on the growth and yield of winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus)

1999 ◽  
Vol 132 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. LEACH ◽  
H. J. STEVENSON ◽  
A. J. RAINBOW ◽  
L. A. MULLEN
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
High Density ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Winter Oilseed Rape ◽  
Plant Populations ◽  
Rothamsted Experimental Station ◽  
Plant Densities ◽  
Very High

The effects of plant density on the growth and yield of winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus) were examined in a series of five multifactorial experiments at Rothamsted Experimental Station between 1984 and 1989. Plant densities, manipulated by changing the seed rate and row spacing, or because of overwinter losses, ranged from 13·5 to 372 plants/m2. Normalized yields for the multifactorial plots increased with densities up to 50–60 plants/m2. In very high density plots in 1987/88, yield decreased as density increased >150 plants/m2. Plants grown at high density had fewer pod-bearing branches per plant but produced more branches/m2. Branch dry matter (DM) per plant was decreased by 42%, the number of fertile pods per plant and pod DM/plant by 37%. There was no effect of density on the number or DM of pods/m2. Over 74% of the fertile pods were carried on the terminal and uppermost branches of plants grown at high density in 1987/88 compared with only 34% in plants grown at low density in 1988/89. Seed DM/plant decreased with increase in density but seed size (1000-seed weight) increased. There was no effect of density on seed glucosinolate or oil contents.

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