scholarly journals Interaction of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Trichoderma on Growth of Root System and on Yield of Industrial Hemp (Cannabis sativa var. ‘Uso’)

2020 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Ioanna KAKABOUKI ◽  
Dimitrios TSIROGIANNIS ◽  
Stella KARYDOGIANNI ◽  
Antigolena FOLINA ◽  
Charikleia ZISI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Root System ◽  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Cannabis Sativa ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Herbaceous Plant ◽  
Trichoderma Species ◽  
Industrial Hemp

Cannabis sativa is an annual herbaceous plant, known worldwide for thousands of years. The propose of this study was to evaluate the effect co-inoculation of Trichoderma harzianum and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on growth of root system and yield in plants of industrial cannabis variety ‘Uso’. A greenhouse experiment took place in the Laboratory of Agronomy at Agricultural University of Athens. The experiment was designed according to Randomized block design with 2 treatments AMF & Trichoderma (AMF&TRCH) application and Trichoderma without AMF application (TRCH) and 3 replications. Trichoderma species have the ability to colonize the rhizosphere of plants, thereby improving the development of the root system. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi can form symbiotic relationships with most plants, including species of great economic interest such as industrial hemp. The combined use of Trichoderma harzianum and AMF provoked a synergistic effect increasing the root mass density, bud length and CBD yield per plant. During AMF&TRCH treatment the number of buds, bud dry matter and yield were higher than the TRCH treatment, on the contrary AMF colonization and root volume decreased. In conclusion the supply of AMF&Trichoderma had positive effect on AMF percentage, root and agronomic characteristics.

scholarly journals ASOSIASI CENDAWAN ANTAGONIS TRICHODERMA HARZIANUM RIFAI DAN CENDAWAN MIKORIZA ARBUSKULAR UNTUK MENGENDALIKAN PENYAKIT BUSUK PANGKAL BATANG PADA KEDELAI

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-169
Author(s):  
Latifah Latifah ◽  
Hendrival Hendrival ◽  
Mihram Mihram
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Sclerotium Rolfsii ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Stem Rot ◽  
Rot Disease

Association of antagonistic fungi Trichoderma harzianum Rifai and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi for controlling the stem  rot disease on soybean.  The research objective was to study effect of application Trichoderma harzianum and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in controling stem rot disease caused by Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc on soybean.   The research conducted in a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with five treatment levels: (1) without T. harzianum, without AMF, and without S. rolfsii [negative control (C-)], (2) without T. harzianum, without AMF, and S. rolfsii [positive control (C +)], (3) T. harzianum + S. rolfsii; (4) AMF + S. rolfsii, and (5) T. harzianum + AMF + S. rolfsii.  Parameters observed were basal stem rot disease development and yield components. The results showed that the application of a mixture of T. harzianum and AMF caused a longer disease incubation period (8.29 days) and the severity of stem base rot disease was 11.67% number of pods per plant (62.53 pods), the number of seeds per plant (225.05 seeds), and the weight of seeds per plant (27.73 g) were higher than that of the application of T. harzianum and AMF separately.

scholarly journals Genetic and phenotypic associations between root architecture, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi colonisation and low phosphate tolerance instrawberry (Fragaria × ananassa)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen Maria Cockerton ◽  
Bo Li ◽  
Eleftheria Stavridou ◽  
Abigail Johnson ◽  
Amanda Karlström ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Root System ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Root Architecture ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
System Size ◽  
Nutrient Depletion ◽  
Depletion Zone ◽  
Root System Size ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background: Phosphate is an essential plant macronutrient required to achieve maximum crop yield. Roots are able to uptake soil phosphate from the immediate root area, thus creating a nutrient depletion zone. Many plants are able to exploit phosphate from beyond this root nutrient depletion zone through symbiotic association with Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF). Here we characterise the relationship between root architecture, AMF association and low phosphate tolerance in strawberries. The contrasting root architecture in the parental strawberry cultivars ‘Redgauntlet’ and ‘Hapil’ was studied through a mapping population of 168 progeny. Low phosphate tolerance and AMF association was quantified for each genotype to allow assessment of the phenotypic and genotypic relationships between traits. Results: A “phosphate scavenging” root phenotype where individuals exhibit a high proportion of surface lateral roots was associated with a reduction in root system size across genotypes. A genetic correlation between “root system size” traits was observed with a network of pleiotropic QTL were found to represent five “root system size” traits. By contrast, average root diameter and the distribution of roots appeared to be under two discrete methods of genetic control. A total of 18 QTL were associated with plant traits, 4 of which were associated with solidity that explained 46 % of the observed variation. Investigations into the relationship between AMF association and root architecture found that a higher root density was associated with greater AMF colonisation across genotypes. However, no phenotypic correlation or genotypic association was found between low phosphate tolerance and the propensity for AMF association, nor root architectural traits when plants are grown under optimal nutrient conditions.Conclusions: Understanding the genetic relationships underpinning phosphate capture can inform the breeding of strawberry varieties with better nutrient use efficiency. Solid root systems were associated with greater AMF colonisation. However, low P-tolerance was not phenotypically or genotypically associated with root architecture traits in strawberry plants. Furthermore, a trade-off was observed between root system size and root architecture type, highlighting the energetic costs associated with a “phosphate scavenging” root architecture.

scholarly journals Application of Humic Acid and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi to Increase Growth and Yields of Soybean in Ultisol

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 56-64
Author(s):  
Rahayu Arraudah ◽  
Yudhy Harini Bertham ◽  
Hesti Pujiwati ◽  
Bambang Gonggo Murcitro ◽  
Entang Inoriah Sukarjo
Keyword(s):  
Humic Acid ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Soybean Plants ◽  
Research Stage

Soybean is one of the most popular food crops for the community, but the needs for soybeans have not been fulfilled by soybean production. To meet the needs of soybeans, it is necessary to intensify agricultural land in Ultisol. This study aims to obtain the optimum concentration of humic acid and dosage of the Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) to increase soybean plants' production in Ultisols. This research was conducted from January to April 2020 in Beringin Raya Village, Muara Bangkahulu District, Bengkulu City, at an altitude of 10 m above sea level. The research design used a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) two factors with three replications, arranged factorially in experimental units. The first factor is the concentration of humic acid, consisting of 4 levels: 0, 15, 30, and 45 mL L-1 . The second factor is the dose of AMF, consisted of 3 levels, namely: 0, 2.5, and 5 g plant-1. The results showed that the maximum soybean growth and yield in Ultisols were obtained from the humic acid concentration at 45 mL L-1 at the dose of AMF at 2.5 g plant-1 . The resulting production potential is 1.99 tons ha-1 . The administration of humic acid or AMF independently at this research stage had not yet given a maximum response to the growth and yield of soybean in Ultisol.

scholarly journals Effects of sulpher foam and mycorrhizal fungi on Eggplant infested with Nematode(Meloidogyne javanica) at seed or seedling stage

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 395-398
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Root System ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Meloidogyne Javanica ◽  
Seedling Stage ◽  
Direct Seeding ◽  
Plant Health ◽  
Treated Plant

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and sulphur foam added either at direct seeding or at transplanting decreased the effects of nematode (Meloidogyne javanica) on eggplant growth, and improved plant health. Experiments were conducted to study the possible interactions between the Mycorrhizal fungi (Glomus mossae and Gigaspora spp.) and sulphur foam to control M. javanica on eggplant at seed or seedling stage. Experiment at seed stage treated with Mycorrhiza or sulphur foam alone or together stimulated the growth and reduced Nematode infestation significantly. Treated plant at seedling stage increased plant growth and reduced the number of galls /gm of root system. The interaction between Mycorrhiza and sulpher foam treatments was not significant.

scholarly journals Influence of bioproducts and mycorrhizal fungi on the growth and yielding of sweet cherry trees

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 122-129
Author(s):  
Sławomir Głuszek ◽  
Edyta Derkowska ◽  
Lidia Sas Paszt ◽  
Mirosław Sitarek ◽  
Beata Sumorok
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Cherry Trees

The experiment assessed the influence of various biofertilizers and biostimulants on the growth characteristics of the root system, its colonization by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and the yielding of sweet cherry trees in field conditions. The experiment, conducted in Pomological Orchard of Research Institute of Horticulture located in Skierniewice during 2011–2014, involved the use of a mycorrhizal substrate, organic fertilizers and biostimulant in randomised block design. The control combination consisted of plants fertilized with mineral fertilizers (NPK). The use of the organic fertilizer BF Ekomix in dose 100 g per tree each year in the spring significantly increased the number of root tips in comparison with the control trees. There was also a tendency for the roots to lengthen and increase their surface area under the influence of this biofertilizer. In addition, the inoculation of roots with the mycorrhizal substrate in dose 200 g per tree per year stimulated the colonization of the roots of sweet cherry trees by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, which in turn led to improved root growth parameters.

scholarly journals Genetic and phenotypic associations between root architecture, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi colonisation and low phosphate tolerance in strawberry (Fragaria× ananassa)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen Maria Cockerton ◽  
Bo Li ◽  
Eleftheria Stavridou ◽  
Abigail Johnson ◽  
Amanda Karlström ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Root System ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Root Architecture ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
System Size ◽  
Nutrient Depletion ◽  
Depletion Zone ◽  
Root System Size ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background Phosphate is an essential plant macronutrient required to achieve maximum crop yield. Roots are able to uptake soil phosphate from the immediate root area, thus creating a nutrient depletion zone. Many plants are able to exploit phosphate from beyond this root nutrient depletion zone through symbiotic association with Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF). Here we characterise the relationship between root architecture, AMF association and low phosphate tolerance in strawberries. The contrasting root architecture in the parental strawberry cultivars ‘Redgauntlet’ and ‘Hapil’ was studied through a mapping population of 168 progeny. Low phosphate tolerance and AMF association was quantified for each genotype to allow assessment of the phenotypic and genotypic relationships between traits. Results A “phosphate scavenging” root phenotype where individuals exhibit a high proportion of surface lateral roots was associated with a reduction in root system size across genotypes. A genetic correlation between “root system size” traits was observed with a network of pleiotropic QTL were found to represent five “root system size” traits. By contrast, average root diameter and the distribution of roots appeared to be under two discrete methods of genetic control. A total of 18 QTL were associated with plant traits, 4 of which were associated with solidity that explained 46 % of the observed variation. Investigations into the relationship between AMF association and root architecture found that a higher root density was associated with greater AMF colonisation across genotypes. However, no phenotypic correlation or genotypic association was found between low phosphate tolerance and the propensity for AMF association, nor root architectural traits when plants are grown under optimal nutrient conditions. Conclusions Understanding the genetic relationships underpinning phosphate capture can inform the breeding of strawberry varieties with better nutrient use efficiency. Solid root systems were associated with greater AMF colonisation. However, low P-tolerance was not phenotypically or genotypically associated with root architecture traits in strawberry plants. Furthermore, a trade-off was observed between root system size and root architecture type, highlighting the energetic costs associated with a “phosphate scavenging” root architecture.

scholarly journals QUANTITY AND QUALITY YIELD OF ESSENTIAL OIL FROM Mentha × piperita L. UNDER FOLIAR-APPLIED CHITOSAN AND INOCULA-TION OF ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-52
Author(s):  
Aliakbar Goudarzian ◽  
Abdollah Ghasemi Pirbalouti ◽  
Mohammadreza Hossaynzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Major Constituent ◽  
Mentha Piperita ◽  
Random Block ◽  
Random Block Design

Peppermint (Mentha × piperita L.) is cultivated for its benefits in pharmaceutical, medicinal, and cosmetic industries. The well-known essential oil of Mentha × piperita L. is widely produced and used all over the world. The aim of present study was to evaluate the impacts of different concentrations of chitosan on the quality and quantity of the essential oil from the aerial parts of peppermint under inoculation of the rhizomes of peppermint seedlings with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Experimental treatments were arranged as factorial design in a completed random block design. The highest essential oil yield (2.4 mL 100 g–1 dry matter) was obtained from the peppermint plants under foliar sprayed at 5 g L–1 chitosan along the inoculum with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. For evaluation of phytochemical characteristics, the contents of the main constituents of the peppermint essential oils such as menthol, menthone, etc. (oxygenated monoterpenes and monoterpenes hydrocarbons) under different treatments were analyzed by GC-FID and GC/MS. Results indicated that using chitosan foliar meaningfully raised the amount of menthol, as the major constituent and quality index (>60% v/w), in the essential oil from the peppermint plants inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal, however, the plants under the foliar spray of chitosan (without inoculum) revealed the highest amounts of menthone and limonene. In conclusion, we found that the foliar-applied chitosan along inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi can be improved quantity and quality active substances of Mentha × piperita L. such as the contents of essential oil, menthol, and balance menthol/menthone.

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