scholarly journals Investigating the Strongyle Populations, with Emphasis on Strongylus vulgaris (Nematoda: Strongylidae) in Romanian Horses, Based on Larval Cultures

2017 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 186
Author(s):  
Marius Catalin BUZATU ◽  
Ioan Liviu MITREA ◽  
Alexandra GRUIANU ◽  
Mariana IONITA
Keyword(s):  
Fecal Sample ◽  
Morphological Identification ◽  
Sensitive Technique ◽  
Strongylus Vulgaris ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Horse Farms ◽  
Fresh Fecal Sample ◽  
Mcmaster Method

This study aimed to investigate the presence of Strongylus vulgaris on different horse establishments in Romania. A total number of 380 horses were enrolled in the study, representing: three stud farms (n=156); four sport/recreational establishments (n=75); and working horses (n=149). Overall, 106 premises/yards from 17 localities in 9 counties from North-Eastern, Center and Southern Romania were visited. Fresh fecal sample were collected from individual horses and were analyzed by a modified McMaster method for fecal strongyle egg per gram counting. Further, larval cultures were performed for morphological identification of S. vulgaris third stage larvae. Overall, of the investigated horses from studs, sport/recreational units, and working horses, 84.60%, 44.0%, and 79.20%, respectively were positive for strongyle. On coprocultures, cyathostomin-larvae were the most prevalent in all horse-establishment types, while S. vulgaris larvae were found only in working horses (12.1%; n=18). Other strongylin species have been identified, namely S. equinus, S. edentatus, Oesophagodontus robustus, and Triodontophorus spp. all in working horses, and Craterostomum acuticaudatum, in both working horses and horses for sport units. However, further studies are planned by using more sensitive technique for monitoring of S. vulgaris in Romanian horse farms.

scholarly journals Intestinal Strongyle Genera in Different Typology of Donkey Farms in Tuscany, Central Italy

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 195
Author(s):  
Michela Maestrini ◽  
Marcelo Beltrão Molento ◽  
Simone Mancini ◽  
Mina Martini ◽  
Francesco Giovanni Salvo Angeletti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Italy ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Morphological Identification ◽  
High Agreement ◽  
Farm Typology ◽  
First Report ◽  
Organic Farm ◽  
Identification Keys ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Metrical Analysis

Intestinal strongyles are common helminths of donkeys, in which they may be responsible for disease and poor performance. This study aimed to identify intestinal strongyle genera in 55 naturally infected donkeys from three different farm typologies in Tuscany, central Italy, using morphological and metrical analysis of third stage larvae (L3) obtained from faecal cultures. Larvae were identified using two previous reported morphological identification keys. Moreover, eggs per gram (EPG) data were also evaluated to assess differences, if any, according to the farm typology, sex, and age of the examined donkeys. The results showed that small strongyles were prevalent in all donkey farms. In all examined farms, most (92–100%) of L3 were identified as cyathostomin species of the genera Cylicocyclus spp. and Cylicostephanus spp. Large strongyles of the genera Strongylus spp. and Triodontophorus spp., were identified at low percentage (8%), only in the single organic farm included in the study. A high agreement was observed between the two different morphometric keys used. No significant differences were found for EPG according to farm typology, and sex and age from the examined donkeys. This is the first report about genera identification of intestinal strongyles infecting donkeys in Tuscany, Italy.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Intensity of Gastrointestinal Parasites in Donkeys in Selected Abattoirs in Kenya

Scientifica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy Mulwa ◽  
Samuel Githigia ◽  
Davis Karanja ◽  
Cecilia Mbae ◽  
Eberhard Zeyhle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition ◽  
Gastrointestinal Parasites ◽  
Morphological Identification ◽  
Helminth Parasites ◽  
Parascaris Equorum ◽  
Helminth Infections ◽  
Strongylus Vulgaris ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
Pregnancy Status ◽  
Setaria Equina

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and intensity of gastrointestinal parasites in donkeys slaughtered in Kinamba, Mogotio, and Lodwar slaughterhouses and their association with several host factors. A survey was done between July and September 2017 in three slaughterhouses. Faecal samples were collected per rectum from all the study donkeys for faecal egg counts (EPG) and morphological identification of the eggs. At slaughter, the gastrointestinal tracts were opened and examined visually, and all helminth parasites collected were subjected to morphological identification. Prevalence and intensity were calculated based on the helminth identified and EPG. A total of 282 donkeys were sampled. A majority of the donkeys (89%) were in poor body condition. Ten helminth parasite species were identified in 85.5% donkeys. They were Strongylus vulgaris (52.8%), Parascaris equorum (20.2%), Strongylus edentatus (12.1%), Anaplocephala perfoliata (10.3%), Setaria equina (3.5%) Anaplocephala magna (2.5%), Cylicocyclus auriculatus (2.1%), Cyathostomum species (1.8%), Strongylus equinus (0.4%), and Triodontophorus serratus (0.4%). A significant percentage (55.3%) had no eggs in their feces, 39% had low infection, 5% had medium, and only 0.7% were heavily infected. Prevalence rates via use of the EPG showed Strongyles (44.7%), Parascaris equorum (5.3%), Oxyuris equi (11%), Triodontophorus tenuicolis (0.7%), Habronema species (0.7%), and cestodes eggs (0.4%). No significant differences were observed between fecal Strongylus egg count and age, sex, and pregnancy status. However, donkeys with poor body condition shed more Strongylus eggs in feces. Helminth infections are prevalent in donkeys in Kenya; however, this is not reflected in coprological analyses. These helminth parasites may contribute to poor body condition, ill health, and poor productivity of donkeys.

scholarly journals Assessment of bias in morphological identification of carnivore scats confirmed with molecular scatology in north-eastern Himalayan region of Pakistan

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e5262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faraz Akrim ◽  
Tariq Mahmood ◽  
Tamara Max ◽  
Muhammad Sajid Nadeem ◽  
Siddiqa Qasim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Identification ◽  
Red Fox ◽  
Error Rates ◽  
Himalayan Region ◽  
Morphological Identification ◽  
Carnivore Species ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Field Identification ◽  
Palm Civet ◽  
Eastern Himalayan Region

Scats are often used to study ecological parameters of carnivore species. However, field identification of carnivore scats, based on their morphological characteristics, becomes difficult if many carnivore species are distributed in the same area. We assessed error rates in morphological identification of five sympatric carnivores’ scats in north-eastern Himalayan region of Pakistan during 2013–2017. A sample of 149 scats were subjected to molecular identification using fecal DNA. We used a confusion matrix to assess different types of errors associated with carnivore scat identification. We were able to amplify DNA from 96.6% (n = 144) of scats. Based on field identification of carnivore scats, we had predicted that out of 144 scats: 11 (7.6%) scats were from common leopard, 38 (26.4%) from red fox, 29 (20.1%) from Asiatic jackal, 37 (25.7%) from yellow throated martin, 14 (9.7%) from Asian palm civet and 15 (10.4%) from small Indian civet. However, molecular identification revealed and confirmed nine were scats (6.24%) from common leopard, 40 (27.8 %) from red fox, 21 (14.6%) from Asiatic jackal, 45 (31.25%) from Asian palm civet, 12 (8.3%) scats from small Indian civet, while 11 scats (7.6%) were found from Canis lupus Spp., three (2%) from dog, one (0.7 %) scat sample from porcupine, and two (1.4%) from rhesus monkey. Misidentification rate was highest for Asian palm civet (25.7%), followed by red fox (11.1%) and Asiatic jackal (9.7%) but least for common leopard scats (4.2%). The results specific to our study area concur with previous studies that have recommended that carnivore monitoring programs utilize molecular identification of predator scats. Using only morphological identification of scats can be misleading and may result in wrong management decisions.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Geohelminth Parasites of Horses in Dutsinma Metropolis, Katsina State Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
J. B. Orpin ◽  
I. Mzungu ◽  
M. S. Hussaini
Keyword(s):  
Health Education ◽  
Fecal Sample ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Managerial Control ◽  
Fresh Fecal Sample ◽  
Young Horses

This study was carried out to investigate the prevalence of geohelminth parasites of horses in Dutsinma metropolis between May to August, 2016. Fresh fecal sample were obtained from the rectum of 48 randomly selected horses. A floatation technique was used for the lab work experiment. From the result, out of the total sample collected 6 (12.50%) were positive with eggs of two parasites Strongyles and Oxyuris spp with the prevalence of (6.25%) for each. Among the three points of sample collection, the highest prevalence was recorded at Kadangaru (20.00%) followed by Unguwa Yandaka (18.18%) and no case recorded at Hayingada. X2 cal = 36.84 at P=0.05 and 2df. The highest prevalence was recorded among the males (18.52%) while only 1 female was affected with the prevalence of (4.76%) X2 cal = 36.57 at P=0.05 and 2df. Prevalence was recorded in adult of 14.29% while young horses recorded a prevalence of 10.00%, X2 cal = 36.84 at P=0.05 Strongyles and Oxyuris spp were recognized as important geohelminth parasites in Horses in Dutsinma Local Goverment Area of Katsina State with various rates of infection (12.50%). Managerial control tools should be integrated to improve prevention of geohelminth parasites by communication, information and health education.

scholarly journals Effect of Ivermectin Treatment on Eosinophilic Pneumonia and Other Extra vascular Lesions of Late Strongylus vulgaris Larval Migration in Foals

1984 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. M. Turk ◽  
T. R. Klei
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Eosinophilic Pneumonia ◽  
Vascular Lesions ◽  
Ivermectin Treatment ◽  
Eosinophilic Inflammation ◽  
Larval Migration ◽  
Strongylus Vulgaris ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Lymphoid Nodules ◽  
Small And Large Intestine

Eighteen parasite-free pony foals were infected orally with 500 third stage larvae of Strongylus vulgaris. At 56 days after infection, six ponies were treated with intramuscular ivermectin (22,23-dihydroavermectin B1); six were treated with oral ivermectin; and six were not treated. Necropsy was done 91 days after infection to study the pathologic effects of migrating S. vulgaris larvae and to determine the efficacy of ivermectin in attenuation of 5. vulgaris-induced lesions. Larval migration induced eosinophilic inflammation of the liver, spleen, mesenteric, colic and cecal lymph nodes, and small and large intestine. Previously unreported parasitic lesions included eosinophilic pneumonia with eosinophilic granulomas and pulmonary lymphoid nodules. S. vulgaris larvae were observed in eosinophilic granulomas in the lung, epicardium, liver, and intestinal serosa. Injectable and oral ivermectin formulations were equally effective in reduction of these lesions.

Strongylus vulgaris associated with usage of selective therapy on Danish horse farms—Is it reemerging?

2012 ◽  
Vol 189 (2-4) ◽  
pp. 260-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.K. Nielsen ◽  
A.N. Vidyashankar ◽  
S.N. Olsen ◽  
J. Monrad ◽  
S.M. Thamsborg
Keyword(s):  
Strongylus Vulgaris ◽  
Horse Farms ◽  
Selective Therapy

Intestinal parasites in Przewalski's horses (Equus ferus przewalskii): a field survey at the Hortobágy National Park, Hungary

2021 ◽  
Vol 95 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Jota Baptista ◽  
E. Sós ◽  
T. Szabados ◽  
V. Kerekes ◽  
L. Madeira de Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Field Survey ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Average Level ◽  
Strongylus Vulgaris ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
Third Stage

Abstract The Pentezug Wildhorse Reserve, located in the Hortobágy National Park, Hungary, has one of the biggest ex situ populations of Przewalski's horses and aims to preserve its landscape and to study this subspecies. Between September and November 2018, 79 faecal samples were collected from Przewalski's horses. The McMaster, Willis flotation, natural sedimentation and coproculture methods were applied to all the samples. Results showed an average level of 1287 eggs per gram (EPG), which is a high faecal egg-shedding level. All the samples were positive for strongyle-type eggs (100%). There were no statistical differences regarding the EPG values between different harems of the population. The same happened when considering sexes, ages, lactating status or when bachelors are compared with harem members. Cyathostominae were dominant, when compared to Strongylinae and Tricostrongylidae, and 15 different morphological infective third-stage larvae types and/or species belonging to the order Strongylida were identified. The subfamily Cyathostominae was prevalent in 100% of the horses. Strongylus vulgaris was the most prevalent strongylin (40.5%). Additionally, 27.8% were positive for Parascaris sp. and 2.5% showed Oxyuris equi in their faeces. This study revealed that there is a higher prevalence of Triodontophorus serratus and Poteriostomum spp. in juveniles. Horses with S. vulgaris showed lower levels of EPG. This was the first study involving this population, showing 100% prevalence of intestinal parasites.

scholarly journals PCR-Based Detection of Angiostrongylus cantonensis in Tissue and Mucus Secretions from Molluscan Hosts

2006 ◽  
Vol 73 (5) ◽  
pp. 1415-1419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yvonne Qvarnstrom ◽  
James J. Sullivan ◽  
Henry S. Bishop ◽  
Robert Hollingsworth ◽  
Alexandre J. da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequencing ◽  
Pcr Primers ◽  
18S Rrna Gene ◽  
Angiostrongylus Cantonensis ◽  
Morphological Identification ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Sequencing Analysis ◽  
Sequencing Method ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Dna Sequencing Analysis

ABSTRACT Angiostrongylus cantonensis is a common cause of human eosinophilic meningitis. Recent outbreaks of this infection have shown that there is a need to determine the distribution of this nematode in the environment in order to control transmission. A. cantonensis is generally identified morphologically in the molluscan intermediate host by microscopic examination, which can be labor-intensive. The aim of this study was to develop a PCR-based method to detect A. cantonensis directly from molluscan tissue. A total of 34 Parmarion cf. martensi (Simroth) semislugs, 25 of which were naturally infected with A. cantonensis, were used to develop this assay. Tissue pieces (approximately 25 mg) were digested with pepsin-HCl to recover third-stage larvae for morphological identification or were used for DNA extraction. PCR primers were designed to amplify 1,134 bp from the Angiostrongylus 18S rRNA gene, and the amplicons produced were sequenced for identification at the species level. Both microscopy and the PCR-DNA sequencing analysis indicated that the same 25 semislugs were positive for A. cantonensis, showing that the two methods were equally sensitive and specific for this application. However, morphological detection requires access to living mollusks, whereas molecular analysis can also be performed with frozen tissue. The PCR-DNA sequencing method was further evaluated using tissue from Veronicella cubensis (Pfeiffer) slugs and mucus secretions from infected P. martensi. To our knowledge, this is the first use of a PCR-based method to confirm the presence of A. cantonensis in mollusks collected in the environment.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document