scholarly journals Venation studies of some species in the genus Ficus Linn. in Southwestern Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 10760
Author(s):  
Adebisi A. AKINLABI ◽  
Olaniran T. OLADIPO
Keyword(s):  
Digital Camera ◽  
Southwestern Nigeria ◽  
Venation Pattern ◽  
Leaf Venation ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Environmental Extremes ◽  
Specific Variation ◽  
Binocular Microscope ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Ibadan Nigeria

The present study investigates the venation of ten species of the genus Ficus collected from Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife (latitude 7° 31' 14.7612'' N and longitude 4° 31' 49.1340'' E) and the NACGRAB, Ibadan, Nigeria (latitude 7°23¢4²N and longitude 3°50¢31²E). The leaf venations of the species were carried out using standard methods. All photomicrographs of the features were taken with the aid of Amscope digital camera mounted on a celesterone binocular microscope. All data were subjected of analysis of variance using SAS software. The result revealed the Leaf venation pattern based on areole shape, length and width, veinlets ending and trichomes. The leaf venation patterns of the species show that they are significant in identifying and delimiting studied species within the genus with respect to qualitative and quantitative data. Species specific variation were recorded for the venation patterns as areole shape, length and width, veinlets ending and trichomes and these features are either genetically fixed or as a result of environmental extremes. Presence of cystolith cells, trichomes and no veinlets ending is diagnostic of Ficus mucuso. The study concluded that venation patterns are therefore significant in delimitation of species in the genus Ficus and these characters can be employed as additional information in the existing taxonomical keys of the genus.

scholarly journals Correction to: Ultraviolet absorbance of Sphagnum magellanicum, S. fallax and S. fuscum extracts with seasonal and species‑specific variation

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 597-598
Author(s):  
J. Tienaho ◽  
N. Silvan ◽  
R. Muilu-Mäkelä ◽  
P. Kilpeläinen ◽  
E. Poikulainen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ultraviolet Absorbance ◽  
Specific Variation ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Sphagnum Magellanicum

scholarly journals Loss of Heterozygosity and Base Mutation Rates Vary Among Saccharomyces cerevisiae Hybrid Strains

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 3309-3319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajith V Pankajam ◽  
Suman Dash ◽  
Asma Saifudeen ◽  
Abhishek Dutta ◽  
Koodali T Nishant
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Loss Of Heterozygosity ◽  
Mutation Rates ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Single Nucleotide Mutation ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Nucleotide Mutation ◽  
Specific Variation ◽  
Chromosomal Changes ◽  
Species Specific

Abstract A growing body of evidence suggests that mutation rates exhibit intra-species specific variation. We estimated genome-wide loss of heterozygosity (LOH), gross chromosomal changes, and single nucleotide mutation rates to determine intra-species specific differences in hybrid and homozygous strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The mutation accumulation lines of the S. cerevisiae hybrid backgrounds - S288c/YJM789 (S/Y) and S288c/RM11-1a (S/R) were analyzed along with the homozygous diploids RM11, S288c, and YJM145. LOH was extensive in both S/Y and S/R hybrid backgrounds. The S/Y background also showed longer LOH tracts, gross chromosomal changes, and aneuploidy. Short copy number aberrations were observed in the S/R background. LOH data from the S/Y and S/R hybrids were used to construct a LOH map for S288c to identify hotspots. Further, we observe up to a sixfold difference in single nucleotide mutation rates among the S. cerevisiae S/Y and S/R genetic backgrounds. Our results demonstrate LOH is common during mitotic divisions in S. cerevisiae hybrids and also highlight genome-wide differences in LOH patterns and rates of single nucleotide mutations between commonly used S. cerevisiae hybrid genetic backgrounds.

Spatio-temporal and species-specific variation in PBDE levels/patterns in British Columbia's coastal waters

2006 ◽  
Vol 140 (2) ◽  
pp. 355-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael G. Ikonomou ◽  
Marc P. Fernandez ◽  
Zachary L. Hickman
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Specific Variation ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Species Specific

scholarly journals Janthinobacterium CG23_2: Comparative Genome Analysis Reveals Enhanced Environmental Sensing and Transcriptional Regulation for Adaptation to Life in an Antarctic Supraglacial Stream

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 454
Author(s):  
Markus Dieser ◽  
Heidi J. Smith ◽  
Thiruvarangan Ramaraj ◽  
Christine M. Foreman
Keyword(s):  
Transcriptional Regulation ◽  
Extreme Environment ◽  
Ecological Niches ◽  
Genome Plasticity ◽  
Functional Categories ◽  
Environmental Sensing ◽  
Copy Numbers ◽  
Environmental Extremes ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Extracellular Environment

As many bacteria detected in Antarctic environments are neither true psychrophiles nor endemic species, their proliferation in spite of environmental extremes gives rise to genome adaptations. Janthinobacterium sp. CG23_2 is a bacterial isolate from the Cotton Glacier stream, Antarctica. To understand how Janthinobacterium sp. CG23_2 has adapted to its environment, we investigated its genomic traits in comparison to genomes of 35 published Janthinobacterium species. While we hypothesized that genome shrinkage and specialization to narrow ecological niches would be energetically favorable for dwelling in an ephemeral Antarctic stream, the genome of Janthinobacterium sp. CG23_2 was on average 1.7 ± 0.6 Mb larger and predicted 1411 ± 499 more coding sequences compared to the other Janthinobacterium spp. Putatively identified horizontal gene transfer events contributed 0.92 Mb to the genome size expansion of Janthinobacterium sp. CG23_2. Genes with high copy numbers in the species-specific accessory genome of Janthinobacterium sp. CG23_2 were associated with environmental sensing, locomotion, response and transcriptional regulation, stress response, and mobile elements—functional categories which also showed molecular adaptation to cold. Our data suggest that genome plasticity and the abundant complementary genes for sensing and responding to the extracellular environment supported the adaptation of Janthinobacterium sp. CG23_2 to this extreme environment.

Electron Holography and Digital Imaging for Analysis of Nanostructured Materials

1998 ◽  
Vol 4 (S2) ◽  
pp. 750-751
Author(s):  
L. F. Allard ◽  
E. Voelkl ◽  
A. K. Datye ◽  
A. H. Carim
Keyword(s):  
Nanostructured Materials ◽  
Digital Camera ◽  
Digital Processing ◽  
Quantitative Information ◽  
Electron Holography ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Camera Systems ◽  
Phase Images ◽  
Ultra Fine Particle ◽  
Rapid Processing

Many nanostructured materials are formed from powder precursors having ultra-fine particle sizes. Techniques of electron microscopy have proven invaluable for characterizing the structure of the precursor materials in order to better understand the fundamental processes that govern consolidation of the materials into the final nanophase structures. In recent years, the rapidly developing technique of electron holography has increasingly been applied for characterizing particle morphologies. The advent of the modern field emission microscope, which offers beam coherency sufficient to produce high contrast interference fringes for optimum hologram formation, and especially the availability of digital camera systems for hologram acquisition and rapid processing have both combined to bring electron holography to the forefront of techniques for characterization of nanostructured materials.Electron holograms typically yield phase images that can give quantitative information on crystal morphologies, but much additional information can result from digital processing of holograms.

scholarly journals Variation in selection constraints on teleost TLRs with emphasis on their repertoire in the Walking catfish, Clarias batrachus

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manisha Priyam ◽  
Sanjay K. Gupta ◽  
Biplab Sarkar ◽  
T. R. Sharma ◽  
A. Pattanayak
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Positive Selection ◽  
Strong Evidence ◽  
Selection Pressure ◽  
Arms Race ◽  
Clarias Batrachus ◽  
Toll Like Receptors ◽  
Specific Variation ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
High Degree

AbstractThe high degree of conservation of toll-like receptors (TLRs), and yet their subtle variations for better adaptation of species in the host–pathogen arms race make them worthy candidates for understanding evolution. We have attempted to track the trend of TLR evolution in the most diverse vertebrate group—teleosts, where Clarias batrachus was given emphasis, considering its traits for terrestrial adaptation. Eleven C. batrachus TLRs (TLR1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 8 9, 13, 22, 25, 26) were identified in this study which clustered in proximity to its Siluriformes relative orthologues in the phylogenetic analysis of 228 TLRs from 25 teleosts. Ten TLRs (TLR1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 8 9, 13, 21, 22) with at least 15 member orthologues for each alignment were processed for selection pressure and coevolutionary analysis. TLR1, 7, 8 and 9 were found to be under positive selection in the alignment-wide test. TLR1 also showed maximum episodic diversification in its clades while the teleost group Eupercaria showed the maximum divergence in their TLR repertoire. Episodic diversification was evident in C. batrachus TLR1 and 7 alignments. These results present a strong evidence of a divergent TLR repertoire in teleosts which may be contributing towards species-specific variation in TLR functions.

Attracted to the outside: a meso-scale response pattern of lesser black-backed gulls at an offshore wind farm revealed by GPS telemetry

2019 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 701-710
Author(s):  
Nicolas Vanermen ◽  
Wouter Courtens ◽  
Robin Daelemans ◽  
Luc Lens ◽  
Wendt Müller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wind Farm ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Gps Tracking ◽  
Response Patterns ◽  
Offshore Wind Farm ◽  
Bird Density ◽  
Scale Response ◽  
Specific Variation ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Meso Scale

Abstract Among seabirds, lesser black-backed gulls (Larus fuscus) are considered to be at high risk of colliding with offshore wind turbines. In this respect, we used GPS tracking data of lesser black-backed gulls caught and tagged in two colonies along the Belgian North Sea coast (Ostend and Zeebrugge) to study spatial patterns in the species’ presence and behaviour in and around the Thornton Bank offshore wind farm (OWF). We found a significant decrease in the number of GPS fixes of flying birds from up to a distance of at least 2000 m towards the middle of the wind farm. Non-flying birds showed a similar avoidance of the wind farm interior, yet presence strongly peaked right at the wind farm’s edge, demonstrated to represent gulls perching on the outer turbine jacket foundations. The findings of this study reveal a strong within-wind farm variability in bird density, a most crucial parameter in collision risk modelling. The method presented here is straightforward and similar studies conducted at other wind farm sites on a range of large gull species (Larus sp.) would allow to assess the potential and species-specific variation in meso-scale response patterns and to gain insight in the underlying ecological incentives, which in turn would provide widely applicable and much-needed input for (cumulative) collision impact assessments.

PCR-based genetic identification of marlin and other billfish

1998 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 383 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. H. Innes ◽  
P. M. Grewe ◽  
R. D. Ward
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Genetic Test ◽  
Rflp Analysis ◽  
Restriction Enzymes ◽  
Genetic Identification ◽  
Dna Molecule ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
D Loop ◽  
Specific Variation ◽  
Species Specific

A genetic test was developed for the identification of the six species of billfish found in Australian waters (black marlin, Indo–Pacific blue marlin, striped marlin, Indo–Pacific sailfish, shortbill spearfish and broadbill swordfish). The test was based on the PCR–RFLP analysis of a 1400 bp region of the mitochondrial DNA molecule, the d-loop, using four restriction enzymes (Hinf I, Rsa I and Sau3A I andTaq I). A total of 33 composite haplotypes were observed among 160 fish; all were species-specific. Three of the species—black marlin, striped marlin and broadbill swordfish—showed sufficient intra-specific variation to be useful in population structure analyses.

scholarly journals Species-specific variation in the phosphorus nutritional sources by microphytoplankton in a Mediterranean estuary

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marly C. Martínez-Soto ◽  
Gotzon Basterretxea ◽  
Esther Garcés ◽  
Sílvia Anglès ◽  
Antoni Jordi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Specific Variation ◽  
Species Specific
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