Sociological research in the Soviet period in the Republic of Bashkortostan

The regional machines created by the Russian governors in the mid-1990s turned out to be most effective in the ethnic republics. This phenomenon is supported by several facts, with the primary as follows: the density of the patronage networks among the rural ethnic minorities, and the economic heritage of the Soviet period and ethnical institutionalization. These factors allowed regional elites to integrate ethnic minorities into the clientelism structure to distribute symbolic and material benefits in exchange for their electoral support. However, at present, the federal authorities have considerably reduced the autonomy of the ethnic republics and deprived them of many ethnic preferences. Basing on the analysis of the electoral statistics from the Russian Presidential Election of 2018, this article researches the political consequences caused by the changed relationship between the center and the regions, as well as the changes in functioning of regional political machines in the circumstances where the governors’ institutional and resource autonomy has been reduced. The data analysis allowed for the discovery of the diversified electoral behavior of ethnic minorities in different republics. The reasons for the above diversification have been explained based on a comparative analysis of five case studies (the Republic of Bashkortostan, the Republic of Tatarstan, the Komi Republic, the Chuvash Republic, and the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)).

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Composite Regional Conflict (for Example the Situation Around the Mountain Tratou in the Republic of Bashkortostan)

Sociologicheskaja nauka i social naja praktika ◽

10.19181/snsp.2020.8.2.7307 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 101-113

Author(s):

Valeriy V. Markin ◽

Aleksandr V. Kinsburskiy

Keyword(s):

Social Life ◽

Sociological Research ◽

Social Actors ◽

Managerial Decisions ◽

Regional Conflict ◽

Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽

Optimal Resolution ◽

Methodological Approaches ◽

The Republic ◽

Complex Block

The increasing complexity of modern social life gives rise to multilateral contradictions between various social actors on a whole range of interests and values. Such ripened and formed contradictions can turn into a very acute complex conflict, one of the varieties of which is a block conflict, where there is no obvious dominant, but the “main line” of the confrontation of several parties, along which others are involved, is traced. Such conflicts, as a rule, have a long process and are difficult for their optimal resolution. On the example of a protracted regional conflict of a socio-economic, environmental and ethnocultural order around the shihan (mountain) of Tratau in Bashkortostan, which received a certain socio-political discourse, the article reveals its complex (block) nature, search (including through sociological research) and finding a compromise solution to resolve it. Methodological approaches, a methodological and instrumental apparatus of sociological support for the search, preparation and adoption of political and managerial decisions regarding the specified regional complex (block) conflict are shown.

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Peculiarities and dynamics of resource potential of the “working poor” (on the example of a sociological research conducted in the Republic of Bashkortostan)

Социодинамика ◽

10.25136/2409-7144.2020.12.34690 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 59-69

Author(s):

Aibulat Galim'yanovich Karimov

Keyword(s):

Durable Goods ◽

Living Conditions ◽

Working Poor ◽

Entrepreneurial Activity ◽

Sociological Research ◽

Sociological Study ◽

Resource Potential ◽

Financial Situation ◽

Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽

The Republic

The object of this research is the “working poor” as a social working group. The subject of this research is resource potential of the “working poor”. On the example of sociological study conducted in the Republic of Bashkortostan, the author reviews particular characteristics of resource potential of the “working poor”. Analysis is carried out on the main types of formalization of labor relations and terms of employment of “working poor”. The author reveals the trends in the dynamics of financial situation and pay level of the members of households participating in the survey, as well as considers additional sources of their income. The article analyzes subjective assessments of respondents regarding their affiliation to social classes, living conditions, as well as availability of durable goods in households. The following conclusions were formulated: 1. A relatively low economic activity and minimal level of entrepreneurial activity have remained; insignificant number of “working poor” have a second job. 2. The conducted analysis demonstrates worsening of the financial situation of households that participated in the research (approximately one third of respondents cannot afford to buy clothes). Salaries of the majority of respondents does not exceed the republican average. 3. Decent living conditions are complicated by the fact that every fourth “working poor” does not own the place they live. 4. Although availability of cars and durable goods shows a slight increase, its also indicates the growth of debt load 5. The positive trends include a relatively high physiological potential and level of education of the respondents, which allow reckoning on the prospects of growth of their labor potential.

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Dynamics of labor migration in the Republic of Bashkortostan

RUDN Journal of Sociology ◽

10.22363/2313-2272-2021-21-2-265-278 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (2) ◽

pp. 265-278

Author(s):

G. F. Akhmetova

Keyword(s):

Labor Migration ◽

Statistical Data ◽

The United States ◽

Sociological Research ◽

Long Distance ◽

Labor Migrants ◽

Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽

Temporary Labor ◽

The Republic ◽

Demographic Potential

The article considers some indicators of the widespread social phenomenon in Russia - labor migration, which, according to the data for 2019, involves about 2.9 million Russians, or 4% of the employed population. These are internal labor migrants who temporarily work outside their regions. This type of labor migration of Russians has common features with temporary employment in the United States, Canada, and Australia (long distance commuting - LDC), fly-in/fly-out - FIFO). The empirical basis of the article consists of the statistical data (results of the labor force survey by the Federal State Statistics Service for 2011-2019) and the results of sociological research conducted in the region with a high level of shift employment - the Republic of Bashkortostan - in 2015-2019. The statistical data prove regional differences in the Russian shift employment: the majority (72%) of internal labor migrants live in a third of the regions with high and medium levels of temporary labor migration; in some regions, the level of temporary labor migration decreases. The sociological data show different involvement in shift employment depending on place of residence, gender and age, marital status and level of education. The same social-territorial and social-demographic features are evident at the national level. At the federal level, internal labor migration, as a tool for social-economic development, helps to solve the problem of labor shortage in certain areas and sectors of economy; therefore, such labor migration is supported by legal acts. At the regional level, it decreases the labor and demographic potential of the regions that provide labor migrants. To preserve the economic and demographic potential and to strengthen the competitiveness of such regions, we need to develop regional labor markets and labor mobility within regions.

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Trends of labor migration in the towns and villages of the Republic of Bashkortostan in the modern period

Voprosy regionalnoj ekonomiki ◽

10.21499/2078-4023-2017-32-3-89-93 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 32 (3) ◽

pp. 89-93

Author(s):

G. V. Yakshibaeva

Keyword(s):

Soviet Period ◽

Territorial Development ◽

Small Cities ◽

Rural Districts ◽

Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽

Industrial Complexes ◽

The Republic ◽

Business Entities ◽

Almost All ◽

The Village

The paper examines the trends, magnitude, direction of migration flows of the working population, whose movement is associated with finding work in the Republic of Bashkortostan. Comparative characteristics and examines labour migration in the region the Soviet period and the present modern state. Analysis of the results of migration on rural districts and urban districts for 2015 showed that almost all municipalities observed migration loss, except in a few districts of the Republic and Ufa, due to the differentiation of territorial development, the adverse socio-economic situation in areas and small cities, lack of jobs, infrastructure, minimize agro-industrial complexes and business entities, «optimization» of medical, educational and cultural institutions in the village. Conclusions and proposed appropriate measures to improve the migration situation.

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THE ESTABLISHMENT OF ISLAMIC EDUCATION IN POST-SOVIET BASHKORTOSTAN: BASIC STAGES, CONCEPTS AND RESULTS

Islam in the modern world ◽

10.22311/2074-1529-2018-14-3-217-232 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 14 (3) ◽

pp. 217-232 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Z. R. Khabibullina

Keyword(s):

Religious Education ◽

Religious Life ◽

Islamic Education ◽

Soviet Period ◽

Social Challenges ◽

State Program ◽

Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽

Conceptual Changes ◽

The Republic ◽

Post Soviet Period

The article deals with the process of development of Islamic education in the Republic of Bashkortostan since the renaissance of religious life in the post-Soviet period. Conceptual changes in the system of religious education, which take place under the inﬂ uence of modern trends and social challenges, are analyzed on the example of a particular region. The author points out the results of transformations in the sphere of Islamic education in Bashkortostan. Russia has a state program for the development of Islamic education, the main goal of which is the development and strengthening of the national system of Islamic education, which can reduce the number of people wishing to study in foreign Islamic centers. All levels of Muslim education are represented in Bashkortostan now. However, the process of creating and implementing a uniﬁ ed concept of Islamic education in the republic, as well as in the country as a whole, is not yet completed.

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Migration crime in the Republic of Bashkortostan: features and trends

Siberian Socium ◽

10.21684/2587-8484-2021-5-3-27-38 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 27-38

Author(s):

Sergey V. Egoryshev

Keyword(s):

Negative Impact ◽

Complex Structure ◽

Social Process ◽

Sociological Research ◽

Migration Process ◽

Political Processes ◽

Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽

The Subject ◽

The Republic ◽

The Impact

The relevance of the article is determined by the fact that population migration, being a kind of horizontal mobility process, has both a positive and a negative impact not only on the demographic situation in the country as a whole and its regions, but also on many socio-economic and political processes taking place in them. The migration process and the socio-demographic groups participating in it have become the subject of study by specialists representing various branches of scientific knowledge. This allows, from the methodological point of view, from the standpoint of the ratio of the general and the particular, and at the interdisciplinary level, to study migration as a complex, contradictory, social process with significant latency. One of the problems that has not yet received proper scientific understanding is the impact of migration on the state of the crime situation in the new social environment. The study of this problem, which is the purpose of this article, will not only bring new knowledge to sociological and criminological sciences, but will also contribute to the improvement of migration policy, law enforcement and social work with migrants. The migration process and its participants have a complex structure and differentiation, therefore the research topic can be disclosed taking into account this differentiation, which is impossible to do within the framework of one article. Therefore, the object of analysis in the article is external migrants — foreign citizens and representatives of the CIS countries, and the subject is formed by the crimes committed by them and against them. The analysis also includes crimes related to migration. The empirical basis of the study was the data of demographic and criminal statistics for the period from 2012 to 2020, presented at the levels of Russia and the Republic of Bashkortostan. This made it possible to characterize the features, trends in dynamics and the content of the research subject. The established dependence of the external migration process dynamics and crimes committed by its participants should be investigated taking into account the criminogenic component general state of migration and the related possibilities of statistical accounting and sociological research that complements it. In the context of the topic under consideration, an author’s addition to the classification of migrants entering from abroad is proposed.

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