Trends of labor migration in the towns and villages of the Republic of Bashkortostan in the modern period

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 89-93
Author(s):  
G. V. Yakshibaeva
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Period ◽  
Territorial Development ◽  
Small Cities ◽  
Rural Districts ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
Industrial Complexes ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Village

The paper examines the trends, magnitude, direction of migration flows of the working population, whose movement is associated with finding work in the Republic of Bashkortostan. Comparative characteristics and examines labour migration in the region the Soviet period and the present modern state. Analysis of the results of migration on rural districts and urban districts for 2015 showed that almost all municipalities observed migration loss, except in a few districts of the Republic and Ufa, due to the differentiation of territorial development, the adverse socio-economic situation in areas and small cities, lack of jobs, infrastructure, minimize agro-industrial complexes and business entities, «optimization» of medical, educational and cultural institutions in the village. Conclusions and proposed appropriate measures to improve the migration situation.

Bastions of Tradition: The Ethnic Factor and Political Machines in Russian Regions

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-111
Author(s):  
Stanislav Shkel
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Minorities ◽  
Komi Republic ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Political Consequences ◽  
Political Machines ◽  
Electoral Support ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
Chuvash Republic ◽  
Material Benefits ◽  
The Republic

The regional machines created by the Russian governors in the mid-1990s turned out to be most effective in the ethnic republics. This phenomenon is supported by several facts, with the primary as follows: the density of the patronage networks among the rural ethnic minorities, and the economic heritage of the Soviet period and ethnical institutionalization. These factors allowed regional elites to integrate ethnic minorities into the clientelism structure to distribute symbolic and material benefits in exchange for their electoral support. However, at present, the federal authorities have considerably reduced the autonomy of the ethnic republics and deprived them of many ethnic preferences. Basing on the analysis of the electoral statistics from the Russian Presidential Election of 2018, this article researches the political consequences caused by the changed relationship between the center and the regions, as well as the changes in functioning of regional political machines in the circumstances where the governors’ institutional and resource autonomy has been reduced. The data analysis allowed for the discovery of the diversified electoral behavior of ethnic minorities in different republics. The reasons for the above diversification have been explained based on a comparative analysis of five case studies (the Republic of Bashkortostan, the Republic of Tatarstan, the Komi Republic, the Chuvash Republic, and the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)).

scholarly journals Mordva-Murza from Bashkiria: The History of Formation and Ethno-cultural Features of Ethnic-Class Community

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 237-248
Author(s):  
Ranus R. Sadikov
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Identity ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Village ◽  
History Of Formation ◽  
Cultural Features ◽  
Class Community

Introduction. One of the regions of compact settlement of the Mordovian people is the Republic of Bashkortostan. The Mordovian population of the region was formed during the resettlement migration process of the ethnic groups to the Bashkir lands in the 17th and early 20th centuries. There is a small stand-out group of Mordva-Erzya in Bashkiria. They call themselves Murza and they have their own identity. They live in the village of Kozhay-Andreevo in the Tuimazinskiy district and in the village of Kozhay-Maximovo in the Ermekeevskiy district. Materials and Methods. This work attempts to reconstruct the history of formation of the class community of Mordva-Murza and to identify its ethno-cultural features. The study is based on the principle of historicism; the main methods are historical-genetic, comparative-historical, and problematic-chronological. Results. Based on the study of published sources and literature, it is shown the chronology and the main stages of the formation of the Mordva-Murza community in Bashkiria. It was revealed, this community was formed on the basis of a resettlement group of the Mordovian sluzhilye-served people in the 18th century. Field ethnographic materials testify to their ethno-cultural identity. Discussion and Conclusion. Mordva living in the villages under consideration can be defined as a separate ethnic-class community, which has its own identity, self-name, specific linguistic and ethno-cultural characteristics. In their language and culture, it is interweaved both Erzya and Moksha traits. Almost disintegrated in the 1980s the community of the “Kazhay Murzas” began to revive in the year of 2000. The observations show the desire of the inhabitants and natives from these villages to preserve and develop their “Murza language” and traditions.

scholarly journals Family Values of the Population of Bashkortostan Against the Background of Other Russian Regions: Between Tradition and Modernity

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-130
Author(s):  
Flura Burkhanova
Keyword(s):  
Family Values ◽  
Russian Regions ◽  
Traditional Values ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
The Family ◽  
Marriage Contract ◽  
Family And Marriage ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Happy Family ◽  
The Village

The article discusses the values and attitudes in the field of family and marriage, common among the population of 17–49 years. The survey was conducted in 2020 in 10 regions of the Russian Federation, including the Republic of Bashkortostan. The institutions of marriage and the family, and the values on which they are based, have undergone significant changes in recent decades. Their transformations are interpreted as a departure from the so-called traditional attitudes and behaviours and the transition to modern modernization or postmodernization. It is concluded that the population of the Republic has, on average, more traditional family and marriage attitudes and values than the population of the Russian regions that participated in the study. They manifest themselves in the chosen scenarios of marriage, in its motivation, in the ideas of a happy family. It cannot be argued that this is happening at the expense of the rural population, that it is definitely more conservative than the urban population. Although many views of the villagers are more traditional (attitude to the marriage contract, same-sex marriage and some others). The opinion of urban residents on many issues is often polarized, they are clearly divided into supporters of traditional values and modern ones. The polarity of opinions may explain the presence among them of recent immigrants from the village, who have not fully accepted the new values for themselves. Older groups – 30–49 years old, 40–49 years old on some issues, as well as women – are distinguished by great traditionalism. Among representatives of the youngest group, 17–29 years old, who have already entered or will enter the age of active marriage in the next few years, traditionalism is noticeably reduced.

scholarly journals Living standards in North Ossetia-Alania through the prism of economic processes

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (50) ◽  
pp. 73-82
Author(s):  
Vitaly Dobronosov ◽  
Delyara Tebieva ◽  
Lyubov’ Kebalova
Keyword(s):  
Communication Networks ◽  
Ecological Condition ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Living Standard ◽  
Working Age ◽  
Level Of Economic Development ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Almost All ◽  
North Ossetia

AbstractThe paper reflects the dynamics of changes in standard of living in the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania during the post-Soviet period.BackgroundThe more than twenty years that have passed since perestroika failed to lead to the expected positive shifts in economy in RNO-Alania. In ratings of regions by population living standards, the republic was consistently among the last places.AimTo show the discrepancy between the modern level of economic development and the standard of life in the RNO-Alania.MethodThe work uses comparative analysis of indicators of living standard and indicators reflecting the structural and dynamic characteristics of economic processes.ResultsOfficial statistics show growth in almost all socio-economic indicators in RNO-Alania. This apparent increase in living standards does not correspond to the low ranking of RNO-Alania, which is consistently in the bottom ten of the rating of Russian regions. The analysis of other indicators determining the population's quality of life, such as: the ecological condition of the territory, the developmental level of health and education institutions, life expectancy, and availability of transport, information and communication networks all correlated weakly with the real socio-economic situation in the region. The study of the republic's districts showed a high unemployment rate due to the lack of industrial and agricultural production, the underdevelopment of small and medium-sized businesses, and low wages. There is an outflow of working-age population to the city of Vladikavkaz and from the districts to outside the republic.ConclusionsThe deficit in the republic's budget persisted during the research period, despite the apparent growth in the gross product and revenue part of the budget, but the volume of expenditures is growing at a faster rate. The main reason for this is the sharp decline in industrial production, and the influence of loss-making enterprises that do not generate income in the budget. Living standards are rising only thanks to grants from the federal centre.RecommendationIn order to remove the republic from its depressed state it is necessary to increase the fixed capital, to control the process of effective use of the available production capacities, and to invest in a recreational industry that uses natural resources and does not require significant investment.

Occupational morbidity in the Republic of Bashkortostan for 2019

2020 ◽  
pp. 38-43
Author(s):  
Elvira Timeryanovna Valeeva ◽  
Elmira Radikovna Shaikhlislamova ◽  
Akhat Barievich Bakirov
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
Morbidity Rate ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Medical Examinations

In the Republic of Bashkortostan, in 2019, despite the deteriorating working conditions at workplaces in almost all industries, extremely low rates of occupational morbidity were observed. At the same time, almost every third employee of the surveyed types of economic activity is engaged in work with harmful and (or) dangerous working conditions. In total, 46 cases of occupational diseases were found in the Republic in 2019. The occupational morbidity rate was 0.42 per 10,000 employees (2018 — 0.32), which is significantly lower than in the Russian Federation (1.03 per 10,000 employees). The highest levels of occupational morbidity are registered in mining, manufacturing, healthcare, and agriculture. The structure of nosological forms of occupational diseases was dominated by diseases associated with physical overload and overstrain of individual organs and systems: sciatica of the lumbosacral level, polyneuropathy of the extremities and occupational diseases from the influence of physical factors: sensorineural hearing loss and vibration disease. Against the background of the continuing deterioration of working conditions in the Republic and the low quality of periodic medical examinations, extremely low rates of registered occupational diseases are observed.

TRANSFORMATIONAL PROCESSES OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE HUMAN POTENTIAL OF THE SOUTH OF RUSSIA IN THE CONDITIONS OF POST-SOVIET CONFLICT AND GEOPOLITICAL CHANGES

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (6/1) ◽  
pp. 202-210
Author(s):  
Inna V. YURCHENKO ◽  
Mariya V. DONTSOVA ◽  
Natalia N. YURCHENKO
Keyword(s):  
Modern Society ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Human Potential ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Territorial Development ◽  
Theoretical Concepts ◽  
Regional Conflict ◽  
The Status ◽  
Regional Community ◽  
The Republic

The article reveals transformation processes that affect the quality of human capital in the postSoviet period. The significance of the theoretical concepts of “conflict”, “regional conflict” and “essence of the political” through the immanent characteristics presented by the classic of political thought K. Schmitt is noted. The importance of analyzing the territorial development and the state of human potential for the characterization of the social structure, radically changing in the post-Soviet period in Russia and its individual regions, is emphasized. The article describes the main types of functionality of reference groups in accordance with the concept of R. Merton and describes various models of social behavior according to the criterion of social responsibility and asocial orientation. The data of the expert survey conducted by the authors in certain subjects of the Southern Federal District in 2018 are given on the problems of assessing the level of responsibility in work and the possibilities of disseminating radical ideas under the influence of external and internal factors on the ability of a regional community to reproduce their own cultural patterns. It emphasizes the role of ethical thinking in the context of the need to improve the modern society, experiencing crisis internal and external influences and tests of globalization. Special attention is paid to the level of support for the status of Crimea among young people living in the Republic of Crimea and the city of Sevastopol.

scholarly journals Fauna, ecology, and protection of birds in the vicinity of Meryasovo village, Baymaksky district, republic of Bashkortostan of the Russian Federation

2021 ◽  
Vol 296 ◽  
pp. 01001
Author(s):  
G.R. Bairamgulova ◽  
A.B. Zulkarnaev ◽  
S.M. Muzafarov ◽  
G.A. Yagafarova ◽  
F.G. Aminev
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Structure ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Population Activity ◽  
Breeding Sites ◽  
Specific Distribution ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
Bird Fauna ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Village

Avifauna is of great importance in anthropogenic, natural biocenoses. In order to regulate and protect them, it is necessary to investigate firstly the composition of the ornithofauna, secondly the specific distribution, and thirdly the population activity of the species composition. We studied the spatial and temporal structure of the avifauna in the vicinity of the village of Meryasovo in the Baymaksky district. We have identified 34 bird species belonging to 10 orders and 22 families in the vicinity of Meryasovo, Baimaksky district of the Republic of Bashkortostan. The conducted measures to preserve the bird habitats and territories with the main conditions for birds as breeding sites, stopping-off points during migration, wintering, moulting have contributed to the conservation of the bird fauna in the vicinity of Meryasovo village, Baymaksky district of the Republic of Bashkortostan.

scholarly journals FORMATION OF BACKBONE PROJECTS IN THE INDUSTRY OF A REGION

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 756-761
Author(s):  
R.F. Gataullin ◽  
E.R. Chuvashaeva
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
Territorial Development ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Regulatory Documents ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Definition Of

Industry occupies a special place among the types of economic activity in any region. Projects for the development of backbone industrial enterprises in regions play a decisive role in the formation of their production specialization. Hence, the transition to project management in the development of regions most often means the implementation of appropriate measures in industry. The paper gives a definition of systemic projects, shows the conditions for their implementation, depending on the purpose of implementation and significance. The place of backbone projects in the development of industrial centers of the Republic of Bashkortostan is shown. Discrepancies are revealed in the list of projects included in the Strategy of Socio-Economic Development of the Republic of Bashkortostan, cities and municipal districts and in other regulatory documents aimed at accelerating territorial development. The solution of the following tasks is considered: determination of trends and patterns in the development of industry in the regions; identification of the main requirements for projects to develop industry in the regions of the country; survey of the existing package of projects for the development of this industry in Bashkiria; proposals for backbone projects in the industry of the republic. The implementation of projects takes place in different municipal regions and municipalities in different ways. In the Republic of Bashkortostan, more than 80 % of industrial production is concentrated in four cities - Ufa, Salavat, Sterlitamak and Neftekamsk. They also account for most of the investments. At the same time, investments in these cities enjoy all kinds of benefits. It was proposed to strengthen the benefits for projects located outside the zone of traditional industrial location and for new types of activities for the republic.

scholarly journals EVOLUTION OF THE RELIGIOUS WORLDVIEW AND MODERN RELIGIOUS PRACTICES IN THE СHUVASH VILLAGE OF SOUTH URALS (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE VILLAGE OF KOSH-ELGA, BIZHBULYAKSKY DISTRICT OF THE REPUBLIC OF BASHKORTOSTAN)

2021 ◽  
pp. 106-116
Author(s):  
IGOR G. PETROV ◽  
◽  
EKATERINA А. IAGAFOVA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
Religious Practices ◽  
Gradual Transition ◽  
South Urals ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Village ◽  
The Temple ◽  
The Church

The article examines the confessional situation, as well as the transformation of religion and religious practices at the present stage, using the example of the Chuvash village of Kosh-Elga in the Bizhbulyak district of the Republic of Bashkortostan. Religious practices are considered in historical dynamics, starting from the last quarter of the 18th century. In addition, the influence of the parish and the church on the religion of the villagers and their ritual culture is shown: calendar and funeral and memorial rituals. The study showed that the religious situation in the village during the 18th -20th centuries developed in the direction of a gradual transition from paganism to Orthodoxy. The Chuvash settlers who settled on the Bashkir lands, although they were considered new Baptists, were actually adherents of the old, i.e., pagan religion. After the construction of the temple in the last quarter of the 19th century in the religion and religious practices of the villagers, Orthodox-pagan syncretism began to strengthen and assert itself...

scholarly journals The peoples of Northern Kazakhstan: in one country (1920 vs 2020)

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 219-223
Author(s):  
V. V. Podolko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Ethnic Composition ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Interethnic Relations ◽  
Record Keeping ◽  
Rural Districts ◽  
The North ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Village ◽  
Administrative Center

The article provides a comprehensive analysis of the ethnic composition of the population and interethnic relations on the territory of Ualikhanov district, which is located in the south-eastern part of the North Kazakhstan region of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The administrative center of the district is the village of Kishkenekol, the district includes 11 rural districts. The chronological framework of the study covers the period from 1928 to the present. The main sources of information in research are thematic interviews, record keeping documents and media materials.

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