scholarly journals Nitrogen topdressing and application ways of fluazifop-p-butyl + fomesafen in weed control and agronomic performance of common bean

2015 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
pp. 2301-2307 ◽  
Author(s):  
MATHEUS G. SILVA ◽  
ORIVALDO ARF ◽  
PAULO E. TEODORO
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Bean Yield ◽  
Leaf N Content ◽  
Leaf N

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of interaction between nitrogen topdressing and different application ways (active ingredients) a.i. fluazifop-p-butyl + fomesafen in weed control and agronomic performance of common bean. The experiment was conducted during winter 2003 in Selvíria/MS. The experimental design used was a randomized block design with four replications in a factorial scheme 2x7. The first factor was composed by the absence or presence of nitrogen topdressing, while the second factor consisted of different application ways of fluazifop-p-butyl + fomesafen. The following variables were measured: leaf N content, dry matter of plants, yield components (number of pods plant-1, number of grains plant-1, the average number of grains pod-1 and mass of 100 grains), grain yield, phytotoxicity and weed control percentage. The nitrogen topdressing with 75 kg ha-1provided higher dry matter of plants, higher weed control and higher common bean yield of irrigated winter. In the absence of nitrogen topdressing in the application of urea before or together to fluazifop-p-butyl + fomesafen increased their effectiveness in controlling weeds without interference in the agronomic performance of common bean.

scholarly journals Response of Wheat Plants to Combinations of Herbicides with Insecticides and Fungicides

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. VIECELLI ◽  
F.B. PAGNONCELLI JR. ◽  
M.M. TREZZI ◽  
B.M. CAVALHEIRO ◽  
R.C.R. GOBETTI
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Wheat Grains ◽  
Synergistic Interactions ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Relative Tolerance ◽  
Chemical Groups

ABSTRACT: The combination of herbicides and other pesticides can influence weed and crop management. This study aimed to evaluate the response of the combination of different herbicides with insecticides or fungicides of different chemical groups on the development and yield of wheat grains of the cultivar ORS Vintecinco. The experimental design was a randomized block design with three replications. The experiment consisted of 33 treatments, as follows: control without application and application of the herbicides 2,4-D (1,005 g a.e. ha-1), bentazon (756 g a.i. ha-1), metsulfuron-methyl (3 g a.i. ha-1), and pyroxsulam (16 g a.i. ha-1), isolated or combined with the insecticides chlorfluazuron (15 g a.i. ha-1), chlorpyrifos (720 g a.i. ha-1), deltamethrin (5 g a.i. ha-1), and methomyl (5 g a.i. ha-1) or with the fungicides azoxystrobin (100 g a.i. ha-1), carbendazim (250 g a.i. ha-1), and propiconazole (190 g a.i. ha-1). Relative tolerance (RT), shoot dry matter (SDM), yield components, and grain yield were evaluated. In general, pyroxsulam had the highest number of synergistic interactions with insecticides and fungicides, reducing RT and SDM, especially the combination pyroxsulam + chlorpyrifos due to a lower RT level (45%) and higher SDM reduction (52%). All combinations of herbicides with the insecticide chlorpyrifos and most of the combinations with the fungicide propiconazole led to a reduction of grain yield when compared to their isolated application or to control without application.

scholarly journals EFEITO DE NÍVEIS DE COBERTURA DO SOLO SOBRE O MANEJO DA IRRIGAÇÃO DO FEIJOEIRO (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

Irriga ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-52
Author(s):  
Ana Lucia Pereira ◽  
José Aloisio Alves Moreira ◽  
Antonio Evaldo Klar
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Bean Yield ◽  
Red Latosol ◽  
Set Up

EFEITO DE NÍVEIS DE COBERTURA DO SOLO SOBRE O MANEJO DA IRRIGAÇÃO DO FEIJOEIRO (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)   Ana Lúcia PereiraAGENCIARURAL - Campo Experimental de Rio Verde, Rua do Ginásio, 554, Centro,CEP 75.901-210- Rio Verde, GOJosé Aloísio Alves MoreiraEmbrapa Arroz e Feijão, Cx. Postal 179, CEP 74001-970 – Goiânia, GOAntônio Evaldo Klar*Dept o  de  Eng. Rural – FCA-UNESP, Cx. Postal 237, CEP 18603-970 – Botucatu, SP*Pesquisador Científico do CNPq   1  RESUMO  Este trabalho teve por objetivo estudar os efeitos da cobertura do solo sobre o manejo da irrigação do feijoeiro (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Os tratamentos constaram de diferentes níveis de cobertura morta com palhada de capim braquiária (Brachiaria decumbens), obedecendo delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso com quatro repetições para os seguintes tratamentos: 0% (0 t/ha),  25% (2,25 t/ha),  50% (4,50 t/ha),  75% (6,75 t/ha)  e  100% (9,0 t/ha). O experimento foi conduzido na Embrapa Arroz e Feijão, no município de Santo Antonio de Goiás, GO, a 16° 28’ 00” de latitude sul, 49° 17’00”  de longitude oeste e 823 m de altitude, num Latossolo Vermelho escuro argiloso, durante o período de junho a setembro de 1997. O manejo da irrigação por microaspersão foi realizado utilizando tensiômetro e a curva característica de água no solo, irrigando toda vez que tensão matricial da água do solo atingia 30 kPa. A análise dos resultados mostrou  diminuição do número de irrigações e aumento do turno de rega nos tratamentos onde a cobertura  atingiu mais de 50% da superfície do solo. Os valores médios da tensão da água do solo nos tratamentos com 0,25 e 50% apresentaram maior variação (turno de rega menor). A cobertura do solo propiciou maior eficiência do uso da água.A produção de grãos foi avaliada não havendo diferença de produtividade entre os tratamentos de cobertura morta.  UNITERMOS: Cobertura do solo, Irrigação, Phaseolus vulgaris L.   PEREIRA, A. L.; MOREIRA , J. A. A.; KLAR, A. E.   THE EFFECTS OF MULCH ON  IRRIGATION MANAGEMENT OF COMMON  BEAN (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)   2 ABSTRACT  The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects  of mulch on irrigation management of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). The randomized block design with four replications was applied on  five mulch rates: 0% (0 t/ha), 25% (2,25 t/ha), 50% (4,5 t/ha), 75% (6,75 t/ha) and 100% (9,0 t/ha).The study was set up at the Experimental Station of Embrapa – CNAF, Santo Antonio de Goias, 16°2’ south, 49° 17’ west and 820 m altitude from June to September, 1997 in a Dark – Red Latosol soil. A microsprinkle irrigation system was used.The results showed: - bean yield was not affected by mulch treatments; - the irrigation number was decreased when  mulch application was higher than 50%.   KEYWORDS: mulch, irrigation, Phaseolus vulgaris L.

scholarly journals Comportamiento agronómico de variedades de avena (Avena sativa L.), con niveles de hoja de coca (Erythroxylum coca) molida como abono verde en Kallutaca, La Paz

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-24
Author(s):  
Eddy Diego Gutiérrez Gonzales ◽  
Octavio Mártir Coria Garcia ◽  
Verónica Elisa Condori Murga
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Green Manure ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
La Paz ◽  
Differential Behavior ◽  
Randomized Block Design

In the Central Altiplano of Bolivia, the production of forage oats is important for the feeding of herbivorous livestock; however, the yields obtained at the producer level register low averages in dry matter. The objective was to evaluate the agronomic performance of three oat varieties, with levels of ground coca leaf as green manure, at the Kallutaca Experimental Center in the department of La Paz. A randomized block design was applied with a divided plot arrangement with four replications. The factors were oat varieties (Aguila, Gaviota and Texas) and levels of ground coca (0, 30 and 60 t ha-1), with variables days to emergence, number of tillers, plant height and dry matter yield. The results at days to emergence show differences in time 60 and 0 t ha-1 with 14 and 11 days. In relation to the number of tillers per plant, in varieties the behavior is similar with an average of 7 tillers; in relation to interaction, the values show significance. In plant height, the means recorded for the Texas variety were 137.10 cm, in the interaction the values were equal. In dry matter, there were significant differences in 60 and 30 t ha-1 with 16 427.27 and 15 281.82 kgDM ha-1, the Gaviota variety with 14 706.06 kgDM ha-1. The treatments influenced the agronomic behavior of the variables studied, the levels of green manure affected oat yield, mainly the number of tillers, which in turn affected the dry matter yield, finally the oat varieties have a differential behavior with the change in the levels of green manure.

scholarly journals Effect of Gamma Irradiation of Local Brachiaria Ruziziensis (Germain & Evrard) Seeds on Agronomic Performance and Yield

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 09-17
Author(s):  
Ann I. Hoka ◽  
Michael Gicheru ◽  
Syprine Otieno ◽  
Hezekiah Korir
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Mutation Induction ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
Brachiaria Ruziziensis ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
Mutant Lines

Appropriate methods of mutation induction are of high importance in pastures for increased genetic variability and improved performance. The objective of this research was to improve the agronomic and nutritive performance of mutant lines (M7) through induced mutagenesis to seeds of a local landrace Brachiaria ruziziensis. The seeds were irradiated with 0, 10, 20, 30 and 40Gy doses of gamma radiation from Cobalt 60 (60Co).  Treatments were; KE 0Gy, KE 10Gy, KE 20Gy, KE 30Gy and KE 40Gy resulting into M1 seeds. The M1 seeds were planted in the greenhouse in germination pots for one month and the seedlings transplanted to the field. Seeds of M6 plants (M7 seeds) were used to establish field experiment in a completely randomized block design, with three replications. Parameters measured included; tillering, leaf-stem ratio, dry matter weight, and seed weight. Data collected was analyzed using the SAS package. Mutant lines exhibited better agronomic performance compared to the wild type. Performance increased with increased gamma-ray exposure with 40Gy treatment outperforming all other treatments whereas the control performed dismally. There was a significant difference (P0.05) in the dry matter with 40Gy treatment having the highest values of dry matter yields, whereas control had the lowest values. Application of nuclear technology to other grasses would lead to increased biomass and improved nutrition for increased animal productivity leading to food and nutrition security.

scholarly journals Effect of the use of pre- and post-emergence herbicides on nodulation and production of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) in the Amazonian savannah

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 280-286
Author(s):  
Anna Bárbara De Souza Cruz ◽  
José de Anchieta Alves de Albuquerque ◽  
Paulo Roberto Ribeiro Rocha ◽  
Leandro Torres de Souza ◽  
Diego Lima de Souza Cruz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Root System ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
System Development ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Control Measure ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Root System Development ◽  
Randomized Block Design

As a control measure against weeds, the use of herbicides is an effective and inexpensive alternative. However, there are no products recommended for the cultivation of cowpea in Brazil, making it necessary to search for alternative solutions. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of herbicides applied in the pre- and post-emergence on cowpea nodulation and production under conditions of the Amazonian savannah. Two experiments were carried out in a randomized block design with four replicates, using the cowpea cultivar BRS Aracê subjected to the pre-emergence herbicides: Metribuzin, Sulfentrazone, Smetolachlor, Pendimethalin, Oxadiazon, Alachlor, Metribuzin + Pendimethalin, Metribuzin + Alachlor and Quizalofop-p-ethyl, Bentazon, Fomesafen, Imazethapyr, Imazamox + Bentazon, Quizalofop-p-ethyl + Imazethapyr, Quizalofop-p-ethyl + Imazamox and Quizalofop-p-ethyl + Bentazon, and post-emergence herbicides: Quizalofop-p-ethyl, Bentazon, Fomesafen, Imazethapyr, Imazamox + Bentazon, Quizalofop-p-ethyl + Imazethapyr, Quizalofop-p-ethyl + Imazamox, and Quizalofop-p-ethyl + Bentazon. The number of nodules in each plant, the dry matter of nodules, dry matter of roots and the grain yield were evaluated. According to the results obtained, the management of weeds in pre- or post-emergence according to the herbicide used affects the nodulation and productivity of cowpea under the conditions of the Amazonian savannah. The herbicides Metribuzin in preemergence,and Fomesafen and the mixture of Quizalofop-pethyl + Imazethapyr in post-emergence are not recommended for weed control in cowpea. The application of Oxadiazon, Alachlor, and Pendimethalin in pre-emergence can be considered interesting because they do not inhibit the development of the root system or the nodulation of cowpea which provides agreater grain yield. Regarding weed control strategies at postemergence, the application of the herbicide Imazethapyr and the combination of the herbicides quizalofop-p-ethyl + imazamox, Quizalofop-p-ethyl + Bentazon and Imazamox + Bentazon allow satisfactory levels of grain yield, root system development and nodulation of cowpea.

Effect of weed control practices on weed dynamics, yield and economics of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill]

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Nandini Devi ◽  
Kh. Lenin Singh ◽  
CNJS Arangba Mangang ◽  
N. Brajendra Singh ◽  
Herojit Singh Athokpam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Chlorimuron Ethyl ◽  
Weed Dynamics ◽  
Hand Weeding ◽  
Quizalofop Ethyl ◽  
Weed Emergence

The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with three replications and eight weed control treatments viz., weedy check, polythene mulching as pre emergence (PE), pendimethalin30EC (PE), chlorimuron ethyl 9g ha-1as post emergence (POE), quizalofop ethyl 50g ha-1 (POE), imazethapyr 100g ha-1 as early post emergence (EPOE), one hand weeding at 40 days after sowing (DAS) and two hand weeding at 20 and 40 DAS. The results showed that polythene mulching had the lowest weed dry matter due to effectively suppression of weed emergence. It was followed by twice hand weeding at 20 and 40 days after sowing. Weed index was found to be the highest with weedy check (42.10%) followed by the pre-emergence application of pendimethalin (19.09%). The effect of herbicide applied as pre-emergence was subdued at this belated stage, which may possibly be on account of longer period after application and restricted effective residual period. Plant height, number of pods per plant and grain yield of soybean was found to be highest in the treatments twice hand weeding at 20 and 40 DAS as well as polythene mulching. However, the net return and B:C ratio was lower in comparison to imazethapyr and quizalofop ethyl due to higher cost of labour and polythene material respectively. On an average, the application of imazethapyr as early post emergence (3.17) and quizalofop ethyl (3.02) gave significantly highest B:C ratio than the other treatments for soybean.

scholarly journals Associations Between Herbicides and Glyphosate in Agronomic Performance of RR2 Intact Soybean

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
V.J.S. CESCO ◽  
A.J.P. ALBRECHT ◽  
D.M. RODRIGUES ◽  
F.H. KRENCHINSKI ◽  
L.P. ALBRECHT
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Final Height ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
Roundup Ready ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Chlorimuron Ethyl ◽  
100 Seed Weight

ABSTRACT: The Roundup Ready (RR) soybean was developed for weed control with the use of glyphosate. Some herbicide combinations with glyphosate has been used in weed control and some effects of this practice may be undesirable in the agronomic performance of RR soybean. The present study evaluated the agronomic performance of RR2 intact soybean applied with associations between herbicides and glyphosate at post-emergence, in two experiments conducted in two municipalities in the state of Paraná, Palotina and Marechal Cândido Rondon. This experiment consisted of seven treatments in a randomized block design with four replications, totaling 28 plots for each municipality. The cultivar used in both experiments was Monsoy 6210 Intact RR2 IPROTM. The variables analyzed were: phytotoxicity at 3, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days after application, chlorophyll A, B and total chlorophyll, final height, number of pods, 100 seed weight and yield. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance and Tukey’s test at 5%. There were differences between treatments for phytotoxicity in both locations and differences in yield (Palotina) and final height (Marechal Cândido Rondon). From the data it is understood that some associations of certain herbicides such as lactofen, chlorimuron-ethyl in the glyphosate can potentiating effect cause phytotoxicity and even reduction in productivity.

scholarly journals COMMON BEAN YIELD AS AFFECTED BY IN FURROW FILLER LIMING AND NITROGEN TOPDRESSING1

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 857-866
Author(s):  
JOSÉ GERALDO DA SILVA ◽  
ENDERSON PETRÔNIO DE BRITO FERREIRA ◽  
ADRIANO STEPHAN NASCENTE
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Bean Cultivar ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Common Bean Cultivar ◽  
Bean Yield ◽  
The Common

ABSTRACT The use of filler liming in the sowing furrow can improve the chemical characteristics of the soil and, together with nitrogen fertilization, increase common bean yield. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of filler liming of the sowing furrow along with nitrogen topdressing fertilization on the yield of common bean, cultivar Pérola, irrigated by central pivot, in the Cerrado Region. The field experiments were conducted for three consecutive cropping years, in a randomized block design with four replications, in a 2x4 factorial scheme, consisting of two doses of nitrogen topdressing fertilization (zero and 60 kg ha-1 of N) and four doses of filler liming application in the sowing furrow (0, 200, 400 and 600 kg ha-1 of CaCO3). The plant density (PD), number of pods (NP), number of grains (NG), mass of 100 grains (M100) and, grain yield (GY) were evaluated. The use of 60 kg ha-1 of N provided greater M100 and GY. The increase of the filler liming doses in the sowing furrow led to a reduction of the NP. The filler liming dose of 200 kg ha-1 provided higher values of NG and M100, and when combined with the nitrogen topdressing fertilization, improved the GY of the common bean.

scholarly journals Relationship between vegetation indices and agronomic performance of maize varieties under different nitrogen rates

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcela da Silva Flores ◽  
Willian Meniti Paschoalete ◽  
Fabio Henrique Rojo Baio ◽  
Cid Naudi Silva Campos ◽  
Ariane de Andréa Pantaleão ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Vegetation Indices ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
N Content ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
Leaf N Content ◽  
Leaf N

Precision agriculture is a set of techniques that assist the monitoring of the agronomic performance of the maize crop by using vegetation indices. This study aimed to verify the relationship between vegetation indices, plant height, leaf N content, and grain yield of three maize varieties, grown under high and low N as topdressing. The experiment was carried out at the Fundação de Apoio à Pesquisa Agropecuária de Chapadão (Fundação Chapadão), located in the municipality of Chapadão do Sul, during the 2017/2018 season. The experiment consisted of a randomized block design with four replications, arranged in a 3x2 split-plot scheme. The first factor (plots) corresponded to three open-pollinated maize varieties (BRS 4103, BRS Gorotuba, and SCS 154), and the second factor (subplots) consisted of two N rates applied as topdressing (80 and 160 kg- 1). All the evaluated variables showed varieties x N interaction. Vegetation indices in maize varieties were influenced by the N rate applied as topdressing. Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Soil-adjusted Vegetation Index (SAVI) showed a higher correlation with plant height. At the same time, Normalized Difference Red Edge (NDRE) had a stronger association with leaf N content.

scholarly journals Spad index for diagnosis of nitrogen status in ‘Esmeralda’ peach

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Atílio Benati ◽  
Gilberto Nava ◽  
Newton Alex Mayer
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Middle Part ◽  
Full Bloom ◽  
N Content ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Positive Linear Correlation ◽  
Leaf N Content ◽  
N Rates ◽  
Spad Readings ◽  
Leaf N

Abstract The objective of this research was to evaluate the technical feasibility of SPAD index in the diagnosis of N status in ‘Esmeralda’ peach. The field trial, with five N rates applied to the soil (0, 40, 80, 120 and 160 kg ha-1 of N as urea form) was conducted in a randomized block design with four replications. During the years 2014, 2015, 2016 and 2017, SPAD readings were carried out with a Minolta SPAD-502 chlorophyll meter, in the leaf middle part, in 40 leaves per plot. The leaf N content determination was performed in CHN-S Elemental Analyzer. SPAD index and leaf N content increased in a linear way in response to increasing N rates applied in soil. There was a positive linear correlation between SPAD index and N concentration in leaves (0.652; 0.756; 0.762 and 0.767, p<0.05). SPAD index can be used for nutritional N diagnosis purpose in peach when readings are taken between the 13th and 15th weeks after full bloom. In the range between 39 and 49, the SPAD index indicates the leaf N content is included in “normal” class (33 – 45 g kg-1) of agronomic interpretation for the States of Rio Grande do Sul and Santa Catarina, Brazil.

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