scholarly journals Prevalence and factors associated with experience of intrafamilial violence by teenagers in school

2018 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 1022-1029
Author(s):  
Rosana Santos Mota ◽  
Nadirlene Pereira Gomes ◽  
Fernanda Matheus Estrela ◽  
Melissa Almeida Silva ◽  
Jéssica Damasceno de Santana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Estimate Prevalence ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Intrafamilial Violence

ABSTRACT Objective: To estimate prevalence of intrafamilial violence experience and its association with sociodemographic, sexual and use of alcohol/drugs variables in teenagers of a public school in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. Method: Cross-sectional study with 239 teenagers. Data were collected through structured instrument, analyzed according to descriptive and inferential statistics, with multiple logistic regression. Results: Research pointed out a high prevalence of intrafamilial violence among teenagers (60.67%). Experience of this grievance was associated, with statistical significance, with the variables: higher age range (PR = 1.83 and 95%CI: 1.05 - 3.18) and regular use of condom (PR = 1.81 and 95%CI: 1.06 - 3.08). Violence was also associated with consumption of alcohol and marijuana. Conclusion: Regular use of condom and consumption of alcohol and/or marijuana represent risk behaviors to the experience of intrafamilial violence by teenagers in school, especially older than 15 years old.

scholarly journals Prevalence, Severity and Factors Associated with Dental Caries Among School Adolescents in Uganda: A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Ndagire ◽  
Annet Kutesa ◽  
Ronald Ssenyonga ◽  
Harriet Mayanja Kiiza ◽  
Damalie Nakanjako ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Tooth Cleaning ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Cleaning Device ◽  
History Of ◽  
Dmft Index

Abstract Dental caries is one of the most prevalent diseases in developing countries. However, there is limited data on the prevalence and factors associated with dental caries in Ugandan adolescents. The purpose of the present study was to describe the prevalence, severity of dental caries and to determine the factors associated with the disease among school adolescents in Uganda. A cross sectional study was conducted at two secondary schools from Kampala (n=197) and Mukono (n=209) districts, Uganda. At both schools, random sampling was used to select the participating classes and the 406 adolescents (11-19 years) eligible to participate in the research. Dental caries was examined using the Decayed, Missing and Filled Teeth (DMFT) index, and a questionnaire was used to collect other relevant data in form of an oral interview. The data were analyzed using STATA version 12. The data was declared as survey data and all analyses were done with svy command. The prevalence of caries was determined as a percentage of individuals with DMFT score ≥1. Modified Poisson regression models were utilized to assess the association between prevalence, severity of dental caries and independent variables. The overall prevalence of dental caries was 66.0% and mean DMFT score of 2.18±2.67. Dental caries prevalence and severity were significantly (p<0.05) associated with tooth cleaning device, age and history of previous dental visit. There was a high prevalence and severity of dental caries among adolescents, which emphasizes the urgent need to develop and design appropriate interventions to reduce the disease burden.

scholarly journals Factors Associated with Risk Behaviors Towards Hepatitis B Among Migrant Workers: A Cross-sectional Study Based on Theory of Planned Behavior

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Xiang ◽  
Mingjing Li ◽  
Meng Xiao ◽  
Min Liu ◽  
Xiaoshan Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Theory Of Planned Behavior ◽  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
Planned Behavior ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Behavioral Intention ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated

Abstract Background: Rural-to-urban migrant workers are susceptible to hepatitis B (HB) because they lack self-protection awareness and social support. The present study aimed to investigate the current status of risk behaviors (RB) regarding HB among migrant workers and the influencing factors defined by the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB).Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed by two-stage cluster sampling from June to December 2018 in Chongqing, China. Logistic regression was adopted to explore factors associated with HB-related RB and behavioral intention (BI). Results: A total of 1299 migrant workers were recruited in the surveys, among whom 29.56% respondents have performed HB-related RB and 85.53% had the BI. 58.19%of respondents having sexual activities never wore a condom. The risk scores of attitudes towards behavior (AB), subjective norms (SN), experience of behavior (EB) and regret feeling (RF) were positively associated with BI, while the sores of AB, EB and BI were positively associated with RB.Conclusions: A considerable proportion of migrant workers have had HB-related risk behaviors or had the behavioral intention. Theory-grounded education, focused on the identified TPB variables, may play a significant role in improving the cognition and behaviors towards HB.

scholarly journals Factors associated with prevalence of pain and musculoskeletal injuries in Brazilian kickboxers: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-132
Author(s):  
Glauko André Figueiredo Dantas ◽  
Clarissa Lula de Menezes Cruz ◽  
Flávio Santos Silva ◽  
Mikhail Santos Cerqueira ◽  
Bento João Abreu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Musculoskeletal Injuries ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Prevalence Of Pain

SummaryStudy aim: The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and factors associated with pain and musculoskeletal injuries in Brazilian kickboxers.Material and methods: This is a cross-sectional study composed of a population of kickboxers from the academies affiliated to the Rio Grande do Norte State Federation of Kickboxing. The study was conducted by means of a questionnaire regarding their demographic data, graduation and level of participation in the modality, routines of procedures during training, and pain/ discomfort regions and respective intensities. In addition, the characteristics, types, and regions of the injuries were evaluated.Results: Of the 132 kickboxers included, a high prevalence of pain (84.09%) was observed and associated with the female gender (OR = 3.62; CI95% 1.29–10.13) and body mass index (OR = 0.80; CI95% 0.71–0.91). In addition, the kickboxers presented a moderate percentage of injuries (40.91%) that were associated with longer training time (OR = 5.82; CI95% 2.68–12.61) and contact level in the training sessions (OR = 3.53; CI95% 1.85–6.72).Conclusions: There was a high prevalence of musculoskeletal pain in kickboxers, mainly associated with female gender and with lower body mass. Musculoskeletal injuries were moderately prevalent in kickboxers who trained more than one hour per session and with an intense contact level.

scholarly journals FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH THE SEVERITY OF SCORPIO POISONING

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Érica Assunção Carmo ◽  
Adriana Alves Nery ◽  
Rafael Pereira ◽  
Marcela Andrade Rios ◽  
Cezar Augusto Casotti
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Hospital Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Epidemiological Investigation ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Reference Hospital ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Age Range

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the factors associated with the severity of scorpionism, according to sociodemographic, clinical and epidemiological aspects. Method: a cross-sectional study was carried out, in 2017, with data extracted directly from the Epidemiological Investigation Records of the Information System for Notifiable Diseases, for the period from 2007 to 2015. These records were provided by the reference hospital in attendance to the cases of scorpionism, located in the municipality of Jequié (Brazil). Logistic regression was used to verify the factors associated with the severity of scorpionism. Results: in the period investigated, 3,565 cases of scorpionism were identified, of which 15.9% were classified as of greater severity. The adjusted analysis showed that the severity of the scorpionism is associated with the ages ranging from 0 to 9 years (OR=6.87; CI 5.23-9.03), from 10 to 19 years old (OR=1.39; CI 1.03-1.87) and 60 or more (OR=4.04, CI 3.12-5.23), and the time elapsed between the moment of the bite and the hospital care of more than 3 hours (OR = 1.38; CI 1.02-1.85). Conclusion: it was found that the age range and the time elapsed between the moment of the bite and the hospital care are associated with the severity of the scorpionism, which signals the emergency characteristics of these accidents, especially when children and elderly people are affected.

scholarly journals Concentrations of Chloroquine and Malaria Parasites in Blood in Nigerian Children

2000 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 835-839 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank P. Mockenhaupt ◽  
Jürgen May ◽  
Yngve Bergqvist ◽  
Olusegun G. Ademowo ◽  
Peter E. Olumese ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Malaria Parasite ◽  
Parasite Species ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Drug Levels ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Nigerian Children ◽  
High Prevalence

ABSTRACT Consumption of chloroquine (CQ) and subtherapeutic drug levels in blood are considered to be widespread in areas where malaria is endemic. A cross-sectional study was performed with 405 Nigerian children to assess factors associated with the presence of CQ in blood and to examine correlations of drug levels with malaria parasite species and densities. Infections with Plasmodium species and parasite densities were determined by microscopy and PCR assays. Whole-blood CQ concentrations were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography. Plasmodium falciparum, P. malariae, and P. ovale were observed in 80, 16, and 9% of the children, respectively, and CQ was detected in 52% of the children. CQ concentrations were >17 and <100 nmol/liter in 25% of the children, 100 to 499 nmol/liter in 14% of the children, and ≥500 nmol/liter in 13% of the children. Young age, attendance at health posts, and absence of parasitemia were factors independently associated with CQ in blood. With increasing concentrations of CQ, the prevalence of P. falciparum infection and parasite densities decreased. However, at concentrations corresponding to those usually attained during regular prophylaxis (≥500 nmol/liter), 62% of children were still harboring P. falciparum parasites. In contrast, no infection with P. malariae and only one infection with P. ovale were observed in children with CQ concentrations of ≥100 nmol/liter. These data show the high prevalence of subcurative CQ concentrations in Nigerian children and confirm the considerable degree of CQ resistance in that country. Subtherapeutic drug levels are likely to further promote CQ resistance and may impair the development and maintenance of premunition in areas where malaria is endemic.

scholarly journals Surviving COVID-19 is Half the Battle; Living Life with Perceived Stigma is Other Half: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 025371762110293
Author(s):  
Sushma Bhatnagar ◽  
Sanjeev Kumar ◽  
Puneet Rathore ◽  
Riniki Sarma ◽  
Rajeev Kumar Malhotra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Work Place ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Perceived Stigma ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Related Stigma ◽  
Estimate Prevalence

Background: Year 2020 started with global health crisis known as COVID-19. In lack of established tools and management protocols, COVID-19 had become breeding ground for fear and confusion, leading to stigma toward affected individuals. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted to estimate prevalence of stigma in discharged COVID-19 patients from a COVID hospital in India. Participants were approached telephonically using a semistructured questionnaire to record their experiences. Questions were asked regarding stigma at six major domains of daily life. Among total 1,673 discharged participants, 600 were conveniently selected and out of them 311 responded on telephonic interviews. Result: We found that 182 (58.52%) participants (95% CI: 53.04–64.00) have self-perceived stigma, 163 (52.41%) participants (95% CI: 46.86–57.96) experienced quarantine-related stigma, 222 (71.38%) participants (95% CI: 66.36–76.40) experienced neighborhood stigma, 214 (68.81%) participants (95% CI: 63.66–73.95) experienced stigma while going out in marketplaces, 180 (57.88%) participants (95% CI: 52.39–63.37) experienced stigma at their work place, and 207 (66.56%) participants (95% CI: 61.31–71.80) reported stigma experienced by their family members. With a total of 84.5% (95% CI: 80.06–88.39) participants experiencing stigma at some domain and about 42.8% of participants facing stigma at all six domains. The commonest noted cause of stigma was fear of getting infected, reported by 184 (59.2%) participants. Conclusion: This study shows high prevalence of stigma in COVID-19 patients suffering in their common domains of daily lives.

HIGH PREVALENCE OF MALNUTRITON AND WORM INFECTION AMONG VAN KIEU AND PAKOH CHILDREN AGED 12-36 MONTHS IN DAKRONG DISTRICT, QUANG TRI PROVINCE

2012 ◽  
pp. 129-134
Author(s):  
Thi Lan Tran ◽  
Thi Huong Le ◽  
Xuan Ninh Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Infection Status ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Group Recommendation ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Normal Children ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Very High

Objectives: Assess the nutritional status, worm infection status and some related factors among children aged 12-36 months of Dakrong district, Quang Tri province. Subject and method: A cross sectional study was carried out in 2010, in 680 children aged 12-36 months in 4 communes of Dakrong district, Quang Tri province. Results: The malnutrition rate was 55.0% for underweight, 66.5% for stunting and 16.2% for wasting. The prevalence of malnutrition increases by age group. The prevalence of worm infection was 31.6%, the highest prevalence was belong to Ascaris infection (24.6%), followed by Hookworm and Trichuris (6.5% and 6.2%, respectively). The prevalence of worm infection among children under two is very high (27.0%). The prevalence of worm infection was distributed quite equally between the malnutrition children group and normal children group. Recommendation: Early deworming forchildren from 12 months should be considered as important strategy against the malnutrition of children in Dakrong district, Quang Tri province

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