scholarly journals Hospital structure elements demarcating (in)visibilities of institutional violence against children

2022 ◽  
Vol 75 (suppl 2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Carla Petersen de Oliveira Santos ◽  
Climene Laura de Camargo ◽  
Mara Ambrosina de Oliveira Vargas

ABSTRACT Objectives: to analyze the hospital structure elements that demarcate (in)visibilities of institutional violence in hospitalized children. Methods: this is a descriptive-exploratory qualitative study that used approaches with Foucault’s thinking. Ten companions and 39 healthcare professionals from a university hospital in Salvador, Bahia participated. Data collection took place from November 2018 to June 2019 through semi-structured interviews. The discourse analysis method was used. The study was approved by the Institutional Review Board. Results: institutional violence was understood in the violations and invisibilities of the structure of health services through the problems: in infrastructure (physical structure, lack of human and material resources, scrapping of equipment); administrative and management; pilgrimage. Final Considerations: it is necessary to realize the invisibilities of the infrastructure to act in confronting institutional violence to hospitalized children.

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (29_suppl) ◽  
pp. 28-28
Author(s):  
Ilona Fridman ◽  
Tanya Nikolova ◽  
Paul A. Glare ◽  
E. Tory Higgins

28 Background: Patients often continue chemotherapy at the end of life, decreasing their quality of life without prolonging survival. Because humans tend to make emotional choices rather than rational ones when considering unpleasant options, patients are likely to reject hospice and other forms of symptom-focused care (SFC) when it could be beneficial for them. We explored patients’ perspectives on how they choose between continuing cancer treatment and SFC. Methods: Semi-structured interviews with 20 patients recruited from palliative care clinics at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC). Interviews covered patients’ decision-making process regarding further chemotherapy vs. SFC. Interviewees gave verbal consent, the MSKCC Institutional Review Board granting a waiver. Results: Two key conditions were identified as necessary for patients to choose SFC. First, the patient accepts that further chemotherapy is not going to be beneficial to them. Second, the oncologist endorses the transition to SFC. Preliminary analysis of treatment choices at the time of interview (see Table) also found many of those who expected they would benefit from further treatment experienced negative emotions when SFC was recommended. Conclusions: These data confirm the importance of raising prognostic awareness, and endorsing hospice. Further research should focus on developing communication techniques to recommend SFC in a way that helps patients who continue to want more treatment to calmly understand and consider carefully the advice being offered, rather than simply disliking it and quickly rejecting it. [Table: see text]


2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Francy Sousa Rabelo ◽  
Silvina Pimentel Silva ◽  
Geandra Claúdia Silva Santos

Neste trabalho, empreendemos uma análise voltada para a constituição de saberes docentes na formação inicial do/a pedagogo/a, com base na experiência desenvolvida em espaço hospitalar. Tal pesquisa se configura do tipo estudo de caso, subsidiada em Stake (2007), Yin (2010) e André (2005). Os sujeitos da pesquisa são egressas do Curso de Pedagogia da Universidade Federal do Maranhão que participaram como bolsistas e voluntárias do projeto de extensão Estudar, uma ação saudável desenvolvido no Hospital Universitário da Universidade Federal do Maranhão. Os dados obtidos são frutos de entrevistas semiestruturadas, posteriormente organizadas, analisadas e interpretadas à luz de autores como Fonseca (2003), Tardif (2010) e Gauthier et al. (1998), dentre outros. Os resultados assinalam que o/a pedagogo/a em formação vivencie as especificidades dos espaços de trabalho diversos da educação escolar, conforme aponta as Diretrizes Curriculares de seu curso (BRASIL, 2006), como por exemplo, o hospital, e que os desafios desta atuação são superados pela constituição de saberes da formação profissional que evocam uma prática docente mais humanizada pela escuta sensível a partir das histórias de vidas dos sujeitos, seus gestos, suas palavras e seus comportamentos que se sucedem nas reações da hospitalização e da doença. Concluímos que o atendimento escolar da criança hospitalizada requer do/as professore/as uma formação que incorpore os debates acerca dos novos espaços de atuação do/a pedagogo/a e que incluam os subsídios para o exercício da docência em atividades diversas dentro e fora da escola.Palavras-chave: Criança hospitalizada. Formação inicial. Pedagogo/a. Saberes docentes.THE KNOWLEDGE OF THE FORMATION OF A PEDAGOGUE ON SCHOOL ATTENDANCE OF A HOSPITALIZED CHILDAbstract: At this work, we have done an analysis focused on the constitution  of teaching knowledge in the initial formation of a pedagogue, based on the developed experience in the hospital environment. Such research is configured as a case  study , subsidized at Stake (2007) , Yin (2010) and André (2005). The research subjects are graduates of the Pedagogy course of Maranhão State University, who participated as scholarship holders and volunteers of the extension project  Estudar, uma ação saudável (Studying, a healthy action), developed at the University Hospital of Maranhão  Federal University. The acquired data is the result of semi-structured interviews. It was subsequently organized, analyzed and interpreted in light of authors such  as Fonseca (2003), Tardif (2010) and Gauthier et al. (1998) , among others. The results show that the pedagogues in training experience the characteristics of different working areas of education, as shown by the Curriculum Guidelines of the course (BRAZIL, 2006), such as a hospital, and the challenges of this representation are outweighed by the constitution of knowledge  on the professional  formation , which evoke a more humanized teaching by the sensitive listening of  the live stories of the subjects , their gestures, their words and behavior that follow the reaction to their hospitalization and disease.  It is concluded that the school attendance of hospitalized children require from pedagogues  a  training that incorporates the discussion about the new spaces for their performance , that includes the  subsidies for the exercise of teaching in various activities inside and outside of the schools.  Keywords: Hospitalized children. Initial formation. Pedagogue. Teaching knowledge.  LOS SABERES DE FORMACIÓN DEL PEDAGOGO EN EL ATENDIMIENTO ESCOLAR A LOS NIÑOS HOSPITALIZADOSResumen: En este trabajo, emprendemos un análisis direccionada para la constitución de saberes docentes en la formación inicial del pedagogo o pedagoga, con base en la experiencia desarrollada en espacio hospitalario. Tal pesquisa se configura del tipo estudio de caso, subsidiada en Stake (2007), Yin (2010) y André (2005). Los sujetos de pesquisa son egresos del Curso de Pedagogía de la Universidad Federal do Maranhão que participaron como becarios y voluntarios del proyecto de extensión Estudiar, una acción saludable desarrollado en el Hospital Universitario de la Universidad Federal do Maranhão. Los dados obtenidos son frutos de entrevistas casi estructuradas, posteriormente organizadas, analizadas y interpretadas a la luz de autores como Fonseca (2003), Tardif (2010) y Gauthier et al. (1998), entre otros. Los resultados señalan que el pedagogo o la pedagoga en formación tiene que vivir las especificidades de los espacios de trabajo diversos de la educación escolar, conforme apunta las Directrices Curriculares de su curso (BRASIL, 2006), como por ejemplo, el hospital, y que los desafíos de esta actuación son superados por la constitución de saberes de la formación profesional que evocan una práctica docente más humanizada por la escucha sensible a partir de historias de vidas de los sujetos, sus gestos, sus palabras, y sus comportamientos que se repiten en las reacciones de la hospitalización y de la enfermedad. Concluimos que  el atendimiento escolar del niño hospitalizado requiere de los/ las profesores/as una formación que incorpore los debates acerca de los nuevos espacios de actuación del pedagogo o de la pedagoga y que incluyan los subsidios para el ejercicio de la docencia en actividades diversas dentro y fuera de la escuela.Palabras clave: Niños hospitalizados. Formación inicial. Pedagogo/a. Saberes docentes.   


Author(s):  
Esma Gökçe ◽  
Meral Atıcı ◽  
Sevban Arslan

Aim: The aim of this research is to determine the ways of communication between nurses and patients, the relevant problems, and expectations. Method: The research was carried out within the scope of qualitative research model and using the case study design. Observation and semi-structured interview methods were used in the study. In this context, interviews and observations were made with five nurses working in a university hospital clinic and five inpatients in December 2019. In the analysis of qualitative data obtained from observations and interviews, themes were created using the content analysis method. Results: The research was presented as findings on semi-structured interviews and observations together with introductory features. Findings obtained as a result of the interviews were analyzed as two main themes, three subthemes and codes under each subtheme. Conclusion: To establish a better communication as a result of the research; significant findings were obtained related to the issues of establishing mutual empathy, increasing the level of education, taking patient complaints seriously, increasing the number of employees by improving the technological equipment of institutions, ensuring coordination by creating an atmosphere of trust, nurses’ doing their job lovingly, gaining therapeutic communication skills, and especially explaining medical terms in a comprehensible manner.


2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (suppl 4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Larissa Karoline Dias da Silva Cassemiro ◽  
Aline Cristiane Cavicchioli Okido ◽  
Maria Cândida de Carvalho Furtado ◽  
Regina Aparecida Garcia de Lima

ABSTRACT Objective: to identify, through the contributions of hospitalized children and adolescents, the characteristics they consider necessary for a hospital that promotes well-being and development. Method: descriptive and exploratory study, with qualitative data analysis, carried out with a total of 30 hospitalized children and adolescents. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, mediated by drawing, and analyzed by inductive thematic analysis, supported by the theoretical framework of the humanization of health care and the Florence Nightingale’s Environmental Theory. Results: the designed hospital takes up the principles of Florence Nightingale’s Environmental Theory, as well as one of the guidelines of the National Humanization Policy, the environment, from two perspectives: elements and material resources from the physical environment; elements of comfort and well-being environment. Final considerations: hospitals such as the projected institution corroborate what is recommended in public policies, as they qualify health care.


2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberta Juliane Tono de OLIVEIRA ◽  
Fernanda Hannah da Silva COPELLI ◽  
Aline Lima PESTANA ◽  
José Luís Guedes dos SANTOS ◽  
Vitória Regina Petters GREGÓRIO ◽  
...  

Governance refers to all processes that grant nurses autonomy, control and authority over the nursing practice. The aim of this study was to identify intervening conditions on governance of nursing practice at an obstetrics centre. This is a qualitative study based on the Grounded Theory method. Data were collected between January and May 2013 by means of semi-structured interviews with 27 participants of a university hospital in southern Brazil, divided into four sampling groups. Data were analysed using open, axial and selective coding. Governance is reinforced by experience and professional autonomy, coordination of the care and management dimension, interpersonal communication, satisfaction and engagement with the profession. It is limited by difficulties with interpersonal relationships, work overload and precarious physical structure of the maternity units. This study provides arguments for the discussion on improvements in healthcare and the professional satisfaction of nurses and nursing teams.


2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thiago Privado Silva ◽  
Ítalo Rodolfo Silva ◽  
Joséte Luzia Leite

ABSTRACT The study aimed to understand the intervening conditions in the interactions of nurses in managing the nursing care for hospitalized children with chronic conditions. To do that, it used Complex Thinking and Grounded Theory as theoretical and methodological references, respectively. Eighteen subjects participated in the study, pooled into three sample groups: nurses, nursing technicians, and their families. A semi-structured interview was used for data collection. Data analysis followed three stages of coding: open, axial, and selective. The study considered family members, professional experience, the physical structure of the unit, human and material resources, good mood, job satisfaction, confidence, dialogue, and empathy as conditions that influence nurses' interactions in care management. It found that subjective, cognitive, socio-cultural and institutional conditions influence the interactions of nurses, creating order/disorder in nursing care management.


2015 ◽  
Vol 101 (1) ◽  
pp. e1.59-e1
Author(s):  
Kevin Meesters ◽  
Pauline De Bruyne ◽  
Reiner Mauel ◽  
Johan Vande Walle

According to international guidelines, fluoroquinolones (FQ) should only be prescribed to children when there is no alternative antibiotic. FQ resistance is a rapidly growing problem worldwide. We hypothesize that FQ are frequently prescribed off-label in children. To confirm this hypothesis, we analyzed FQ prescriptions for hospitalized children in a Belgian university hospital.MethodWe reviewed all prescriptions of FQ for children up to 17 years of age who were hospitalized at Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, a Belgian university children's hospital, in the period 2010–2013. Patient characteristics, indication for the FQ prescription and microbial cultures were obtained from the medical file. The study was approved by the institutional review board.ResultsAs we foresee to finish our data analysis by the end of April 2015, we present results of our interim analysis here. Until now, a total of 178 FQ prescriptions in 79 children were analyzed. The majority of children had major comorbidities such as childhood cancer, cystic fibrosis or inflammatory bowel disease. FQ prescription was based on a microbial culture in 15.4% of cases. Frequent indications for FQ prescription were Pseudomonas eradication in cystic fibrosis patients, long term antibiotic prophylaxis in neutropenic patients and wound infections. Prescribed daily doses and consumed daily doses varied widely, even for the same indication. Concomitant medications were common and included mainly other antibiotics, steroids and chemotherapeutics.ConclusionFQ were used as ‘reserve antibiotic,' and so on-label, in a minority of all FQ prescriptions for hospitalized children.


2020 ◽  
pp. 074355842097912
Author(s):  
Jianjin Liu ◽  
Allegra J. Midgette

The aim of this study was to explore Chinese adolescent’s social and moral transgressions and strategies for self-correction. For this study, following protocols that have been approved by an Institutional Review Board, 61 Chinese adolescents living in Guangzhou—distributed across three age groups: 10- to 11-year-olds ( N = 21, Mage = 11.03 years, SD = 0.43 years), 12- to 13-year-olds ( N = 20, Mage = 12.92 years, SD = 0.35 years), and 15- to 16-year-olds ( N = 20, Mage = 16.15 years, SD = 0.30 years)—participated in one-on-one semi-structured interviews. The study employed a deductive analytical approach based on prior social domain research on children’s and adolescents’ transgressions and strategies for self-correction. This study found that Chinese youth reported conventional transgression events more frequently than any other domain. Moreover, many of adolescents’ transgressions involved academic considerations, suggesting that how adolescents’ time is organized and the social expectations for adolescent behavior influence the types of transgressions and justifications adolescents will make. Furthermore, participants reported developing self-correcting strategies following 73.6% of events, while 74.5% of strategies were reported to be developed by the adolescents themselves. Therefore, the findings suggest that there is room for adults to collaborate with adolescents in developing strategies to prevent future misbehavior and to encourage youth to not only be “good” or “moral” but also to be and do better.


2008 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 317-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline de Leon Linck ◽  
Valquíria de Lourdes Machado Bielemann ◽  
Afra Suelene de Sousa ◽  
Celmira Lange

OBJECTIVE: It has, as its purpose, to know these patients' perceptions on the reasons that make them comply, or not, with the treatment. METHODS: Qualitative descriptive approach, with five inpatients at a Medical Clinic Unit in a university hospital in Southern Brazil. RESULTS: The data were collected in semi-structured interviews and analyzed when three themes were present: perception of the disease, importance of the therapeutics and difficulty to perform the therapeutics. CONCLUSION: It was made evident that, when complying with the treatment, there are several factors involved that add to the complexity of this issue, being related to people's behavior and their motivations, and becoming an important challenge to be overcome by the healthcare professionals.


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