Application of Nightingale's Environmental Theory: The Effect of Heliotherapy on The Clinical Improvements in Individuals with Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis is a global health problem. Sunlight can trigger vitamin Dproduction, so it increases the immunity system. This study analysesNightingale's environmental theory through the effect of heliotherapy on theclinical improvements in individuals with tuberculosis. It was a quantitativestudy using a quasi-experimental design with a pretest-posttest approach and acontrol group. In addition, the population was 59 individuals with tuberculosisin Depok Sleman District, Yogyakarta. Meanwhile, there were 24 respondentsby purposive sampling method. The intervention group at Depok 3 Public Health Centre (PHC) was 17 respondents with heliotherapy and anti-tuberculosis drugs, while the control group at Depok 2 PHC was 17 respondents with anti-tuberculosis drugs. The independent variable washeliotherapy, while the dependent variable was the clinical improvementsconsisting of weight, cough, and shortness of breath. Heliotherapy wasconducted for four weeks with an intensity of four times a week for 25minutes a day. Instruments used weigh scale, Borg Scale, and Leicester cough questionnaire. In addition, data analysis used the Wilcoxon Test and paired T-Test with a significance of 0.05. The results showed that there were clinical improvements in the intervention group (p=0.000). In addition, there wereincreased clinical improvements in weight and cough scores in the controlgroup (p=0.000). However, there was no significant difference in the shortnessof breath score in the control group (p=0.06). In conclusion, the application ofNightingale's environmental theory through heliotherapy affects clinicalimprovements in individuals with tuberculosis.

Florence Nightingale’s theory and her contributions to holistic critical thinking in nursing

ABSTRACT Objective: to reflect on Florence Nightingale’s legacy and describe her contributions to critical holistic thinking in nursing. Methods: this is a theoretical reflection, for which scientific productions on Florence Nightingale’s environmental theory, as published in national and international journals, were based. Results: Florence Nightingale’s philosophy and teachings emphasize that the nurse must use her brain, heart and hands to create healing environments to care for the patient’s body, mind and spirit. Nursing, since the time of Nightingale, has been building the holistic paradigm, in all schools of thought, with a view to a humanistic approach to the human being in their indivisible relationship with the environment. Final considerations: Florence’s contributions to holistic critical thinking in nursing are evident, constituting nurses’ differential in clinical practice.

Two Limitations of Globalization Theory

Although globalization theories have flourished over the last four decades, they are still struggling to overcome some of their long-standing limitations. After an initial discussion of influential mappings of globalization theories that frame the discussion of their shortcomings, this article takes up two persistent limitations. First, major concepts of globalization theory still lack definitional precision as well as clear analytical and historical delineation. The article addresses these problems by reexamining four core concepts of globalization theory. The ensuing exercise in conceptual clarification draws on Raymond Williams’s pioneering approach to “keywords.” The second limitation concerns the slowness with which many globalization theorists have included pertinent keywords outside familiar meaning orbits. The article argues for an expansion of the core vocabulary of globalization theory to achieve a more systemic integration of new keywords, especially from postcolonial and environmental theory. Overcoming these two persistent limitations of globalization theory depends on the success of a number of critical measures proposed in this article.

Pediatric Intensive Care Unit: reflection in the light of Florence Nightingale’s Environmental Theory

ABSTRACT Objective: To reflect on the environment of the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit in the light of the Florence Nightingale’s Environmental Theory. Methods: A theoretical-reflexive essay of constructs originated from the final work of a discipline related to the Florence Nightingale’s Environmental Theory and the current legislation regarding the environment of the unit. Results: The elements “lighting,” “noise,” “colors, and varieties of objects,” “location of nursing units,” and “odors” follow Florence Nightingale’s assumptions while the elements “ventilation,” “spacing between beds,” “furniture” underwent adaptations to suit the current structure of the unit. Final considerations: The environmental theory is a milestone in the history of nursing. Despite the transformations, such as the emergence of intensive care units and the permanence of the family in these units, the nursing team must maintain Florence Nightingale’s concern about the environment influencing the health/disease process and promoting an adequate environment for the care of the child and his family.

Florence Nightingale: Legacy, present and perspectives in COVID-19 pandemic times

ABSTRACT Objective: Reflect on the influence of Florence Nightingale’s teachings to face the COVID-19 pandemic and its repercussions for the future of the profession. Methods: Descriptive reflective study, carried out between May and July 2020, through narrative review on the theme and debates between the authors. Results: The findings are divided into two chapters, namely: Environmental Theory and the teachings of Florence Nightingale in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic; and Florence Nightingale: legacy, present and perspectives. Final considerations: Florence Nightingale’s studies with the Environmentalist Theory and her teachings as a nurse are still valid, even after almost two centuries since her prelude, and should continue to serve as a foundation for the consolidation of the nursing profession.

Aproximações Reflexivas da Teoria de Florence Nightingale no Contexto da Pandemia da COVID-19

Objetivo: Refletir acerca das contribuições da Teoria Ambientalista de Florence Nightingale e aproximá-las das recomendações de prevenção e controle à COVID-19. Método: Ensaio de natureza teórico-reflexiva, desenvolvido à luz da Teoria Ambientalista de Florence Nightingale. Resultados: Desvelou-se dois eixos temáticos, quais sejam: Aproximações entre a Teoria Ambientalista e a Organização do Cuidado ao Paciente Hospitalizado com COVID-19; e, Aproximações entre a Teoria Ambientalista e as Medidas de Prevenção e Controle à COVID-19 na Comunidade. Conclusões: no contexto da pandemia da COVID-19, os postulados de Florence em relação aos ambientes salubres, iluminados, arejados e sobre a necessidade de higiene, separação dos mais adoecidos e de organização do cuidado reforçam a importância de suas contribuições para a Ciência da Enfermagem, para a prevenção de doenças e para um cuidado adequado e integral aos adoecidos.Descritores: Enfermagem; Teoria de Enfermagem; Infecções por Coronavírus; COVID-19; Saúde Pública.REFLECTIVE APPROXIMATIONS OF THE THEORY OF FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE IN THE CONTEXT OF THE PANDEMIC OF COVID-19Objective: To reflect on the contributions of Florence Nightingale’s Environmental Theory and bring them closer to the prevention and control recommendations to COVID-19. Method: Theoretical-reflective essay, developed in in the light of Florence Nightingale's Environmental Theory. Results: Two thematic axes were unveiled, namely: Approximations between the Environmental Theory and the Organization of Care for Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19; and, Approximations between Environmental Theory and COVID-19 Prevention and Control Measures in the Community. Conclusions: in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, Florence's postulates in relation to healthy, light, airy environments and the need for hygiene, separation of the most sick and care organization reinforce the importance of their contributions to the Science of Nursing, for disease prevention and for adequate and comprehensive care for the sick. Descriptors: Nursing; Nursing Theory; Coronavirus infections; COVID-19; Public Health.APROXIMACIONES REFLEXIVAS DE LA TEORÍA DE LA FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE EN EL CONTEXTO DE LA PANDEMIA DE COVID-19 Objetivo: Reflexionar sobre las contribuciones de la teoría ambiental de Florence Nightingale y acercarlas a las recomendaciones de prevención y control de COVID-19. Método: Ensayo teórico-reflexivo, desarrollado a la luz de la teoría ambiental de Florence Nightingale. Resultados: Se revelaron dos ejes temáticos, a saber: aproximaciones entre la teoría ambiental y la organización de atención para pacientes hospitalizados con COVID-19; y, Aproximaciones entre la teoría ambiental y las medidas de prevención y control de COVID-19 en la comunidad. Conclusiones: En el contexto de la pandemia de COVID-19, los postulados de Florence sobre ambientes saludables, luminosos y ventilados y la necesidad de higiene, la separación de los más enfermos y de la organizacion de cuidados refuerzan la importancia de sus contribuciones a la Ciencia de Enfermería, para la prevención de enfermedades y para una atención adecuada e integral para los enfermos.Descriptores: Enfermería; Teoría de Enfermería; Infecciones por Coronavirus; COVID-19; Salud Pública.