Root Canal Penetration of a Sodium Hypochlorite Mixture Using Sonic or Ultrasonic Activation

The purpose of this ex vivo study was to determine, in "open" and "closed" systems, whether the design has an influence on the penetration length of sodium hypochlorite mixed with a radiopaque contrast medium, measured in millimeters, when delivered using positive pressure (PP) and using sonic (SI) or passive ultrasonic (PUI) activation. Sixty single-rooted teeth were divided into two groups: open and closed systems (n=30). Root canal shaping was performed to a working length of 17 mm. The samples were divided into three sub-groups (n=10) according to irrigant delivery and activation: PP, and SI or PUI activation. By using radiographs, penetration length was measured, and vapor lock was assessed. For the closed group, the penetration distance means were: PP 15.715 (±0.898) mm, SI 16.299 (±0.738) mm and PUI 16.813 (±0.465) mm, with vapor lock occurring in 53.3% of the specimens. In the open group, penetration to 17 mm occurred in 97.6% of the samples, and no vapor lock occurred. Irrigant penetration and distribution evaluation using open and closed systems provide significantly different results. For closed systems, PUI is the most effective in delivering the irrigant to working length, followed by SI.

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Electronic determination of root canal working length in primary molar teeth: an in vivo and ex vivo study

International Endodontic Journal ◽

10.1111/j.1365-2591.2010.01839.x ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 44 (5) ◽

pp. 402-406 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

A. P. C. A. Beltrame ◽

T. C. Triches ◽

N. Sartori ◽

M. Bolan

Keyword(s):

Root Canal ◽

Ex Vivo ◽

Primary Molar ◽

Working Length ◽

Molar Teeth ◽

Ex Vivo Study

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Root canal debridement efficacy of heated sodium hypochlorite in conjunction with passive ultrasonic agitation: An ex vivo study

Journal of Dental Research Dental Clinics Dental Prospects ◽

10.34172/joddd.2020.040 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (4) ◽

pp. 235-238

Author(s):

Yogesh Damade ◽

Ramchandra Kabir ◽

Sunanda Gaddalay ◽

Sharvaree Deshpande ◽

Sonali Gite ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sodium Hypochlorite ◽

Root Canal ◽

Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid ◽

Ex Vivo ◽

Canal System ◽

Ultrasonic Agitation ◽

Root Canal System ◽

Post Hoc ◽

Root Canal Instrumentation ◽

Ex Vivo Study

Background. This study aimed to investigate the endodontic debridement efficacy of different sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) irrigation regimens with and without ultrasonic agitation, followed by ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) via scanning electron microscopy (SEM) after using a rotary instrumentation system. Methods. Mandibular premolars (n=50) were randomly divided into five experimental groups (n=10) for root canal instrumentation with ProTaper Universal rotary system up to F3. The root canal system was treated with intracanal-heated NaOCl (100°C) or preheated NaOCl (55°C), followed by ultrasonic agitation and EDTA treatment. Samples irrigated with conventional needle irrigation (CNI) using normal saline solution were used as controls. Debridement efficacy was analyzed by SEM. A five-point scale was used to estimate the presence/absence of debris for each canal segment (coronal, middle, and apical). The results were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and post hoc Tukey tests (P<0.05). Results. The experimental groups exhibited less debris compared to CNI with saline (P<0.05). The amount of debris decreased significantly for the group with NaOCl intracanal heating compared to extraoral heating. Ultrasonic agitation further enhanced the root canal debridement efficacy of NaOCl. Conclusion. In summary, intracanal heating of NaOCl with and without ultrasonic agitation followed by EDTA appears to be a promising method to flush debris from the root canal system.

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Evaluation of the antibacterial efficacy of various root canal disinfection methods against Enterococcus faecalis biofilm. An ex-vivo study

Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy ◽

10.1016/j.pdpdt.2018.08.010 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 24 ◽

pp. 44-51 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Abdollah Ghorbanzadeh ◽

Reza Fekrazad ◽

Abbas Bahador ◽

Roya Ayar ◽

Siavash Tabatabai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Enterococcus Faecalis ◽

Root Canal ◽

Ex Vivo ◽

Antibacterial Efficacy ◽

Disinfection Methods ◽

Root Canal Disinfection ◽

Ex Vivo Study

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Accuracy of electronic apical functions of a new integrated motor compared to the visual control of the working length—an ex vivo study

Clinical Oral Investigations ◽

10.1007/s00784-020-03357-7 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (1) ◽

pp. 231-236

Author(s):

Adriane Antoniw Klemz ◽

Alessandra Timponi Goes Cruz ◽

Lucila Piasecki ◽

Everdan Carneiro ◽

Vânia Portela Ditzel Westphalen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ex Vivo ◽

Visual Control ◽

Working Length ◽

Ex Vivo Study

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Correlation of objective image quality and working length measurements in different CBCT machines: An ex vivo study

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-020-76424-4 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

T. G. Wolf ◽

F. Fischer ◽

R. K. W. Schulze

Keyword(s):

Image Quality ◽

Ex Vivo ◽

Quality Factors ◽

Study Objective ◽

Intra Class Correlation ◽

Working Length ◽

Length Determination ◽

Image Quality Measures ◽

Operator Reproducibility ◽

Ex Vivo Study

Abstract To investigate potential correlations between objective CBCT image parameters and accuracy in endodontic working length determination ex vivo. Contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) and spatial resolution (SR) as fundamental objective image parameters were examined using specific phantoms in seven different CBCT machines. Seven experienced observers were instructed and calibrated. The order of the CBCTs was randomized for each observer and observation. To assess intra-operator reproducibility, the procedure was repeated within six weeks with a randomized order of CBCT images. Multivariate analysis (MANOVA) did not reveal any influence of the combined image quality factors CNR and SR on measurement accuracy. Inter-operator reproducibility as assessed between the two observations was poor, with a mean intra-class correlation (ICC) of 0.48 (95%-CI 0.38, 0.59) for observation No. 1. and 0.40 (95%-CI 0.30, 0.51) for observation No. 2. Intra-operator reproducibility pooled over all observers between both observations was only moderate, with a mean ICC of 0.58 (95%-CI 0.52 to 0.64). Within the limitations of the study, objective image quality measures and exposure parameters seem not to have a significant influence on accuracy in determining endodontic root canal lengths in CBCT scans. The main factor of variance is the observer.

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