scholarly journals Root canal debridement efficacy of heated sodium hypochlorite in conjunction with passive ultrasonic agitation: An ex vivo study

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 235-238
Author(s):  
Yogesh Damade ◽  
Ramchandra Kabir ◽  
Sunanda Gaddalay ◽  
Sharvaree Deshpande ◽  
Sonali Gite ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Canal System ◽  
Ultrasonic Agitation ◽  
Root Canal System ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Root Canal Instrumentation ◽  
Ex Vivo Study

Background. This study aimed to investigate the endodontic debridement efficacy of different sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) irrigation regimens with and without ultrasonic agitation, followed by ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) via scanning electron microscopy (SEM) after using a rotary instrumentation system. Methods. Mandibular premolars (n=50) were randomly divided into five experimental groups (n=10) for root canal instrumentation with ProTaper Universal rotary system up to F3. The root canal system was treated with intracanal-heated NaOCl (100°C) or preheated NaOCl (55°C), followed by ultrasonic agitation and EDTA treatment. Samples irrigated with conventional needle irrigation (CNI) using normal saline solution were used as controls. Debridement efficacy was analyzed by SEM. A five-point scale was used to estimate the presence/absence of debris for each canal segment (coronal, middle, and apical). The results were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and post hoc Tukey tests (P<0.05). Results. The experimental groups exhibited less debris compared to CNI with saline (P<0.05). The amount of debris decreased significantly for the group with NaOCl intracanal heating compared to extraoral heating. Ultrasonic agitation further enhanced the root canal debridement efficacy of NaOCl. Conclusion. In summary, intracanal heating of NaOCl with and without ultrasonic agitation followed by EDTA appears to be a promising method to flush debris from the root canal system.

scholarly journals The Efficacy of Selected Sodium Hypochlorite Heating Methods for Increasing and Maintaining Its Intracanal Temperature—An Ex Vivo Study

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 891
Author(s):  
Roberto De Santis ◽  
Flavia Iaculli ◽  
Vincenzo Lodato ◽  
Vito Gallicchio ◽  
Michele Simeone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Temperature Increase ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Canal System ◽  
Heating Method ◽  
In Vitro Investigation ◽  
Significant Temperature ◽  
Root Canal System ◽  
Different Levels

Background: Enhancement of the temperature of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) solution would increase its cleaning potential and decontamination of the root canal system. Therefore, the aim of the present in vitro investigation was to compare the efficacy of different methods of NaOCl heating by evaluating the temperature profiles developed at different levels of the root canal system. Methods: Five thermocouples were applied at different levels of the root canal system of extracted human premolars. NaOCl solution was heated according to two methods: extraoral heating (50 °C, 60 °C, and 70 °C) using a magnetic hotplate heater and intracanal heating by F-06, XF-30/04, and ML-12 pluggers at 100 °C, 150 °C, and 180 °C. Results: The extraoral heating method was ineffective to produce a significant temperature increase at the root apex. Comparable results were obtained using the intracanal heating method through the ML-12 plugger that showed slightly better results only when set at 180 °C. On the other hand, negligible differences were observed in terms of temperature maintenance at several levels of the root between the F-06 and XF-30/04 pluggers, even though the time intervals were higher in case of XF-30/04. Conclusions: The intracanal heating method provided a better temperature persistence in the middle third of the root canal system. Conversely, extraoral heating was ineffective to produce a significant temperature increase at the apex of the root. Comparable results were obtained even using the ML-12 plugger.

scholarly journals Endodontic Disinfection for Orthograde Root Canal Treatment in Veterinary Dentistry

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-40
Author(s):  
Laura Sasser
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid ◽  
Endodontic Treatment ◽  
Smear Layer ◽  
Canal System ◽  
Root Canal Therapy ◽  
Complex Anatomy ◽  
Root Canal System ◽  
Necrotic Debris

Pulp debridement and disinfection in the pulp cavity is a critical step in achieving a successful root canal therapy. Microorganisms remaining in the root canal system after endodontic treatment are a main cause of root canal failure. The challenges faced in endodontic disinfection include the complex anatomy of the root canal system, the existence of a biofilm within the root canal, and the creation of a problematic smear layer during instrumentation of the canal. Historically, sodium hypochlorite and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid have been utilized as irrigants and still remain as the most effective disinfectants due to their synergistic abilities to eradicate microorganisms, dissolve necrotic debris, and remove the smear layer and biofilm. This article addresses challenges in endodontic disinfection, objectives of endodontic irrigants, properties of an ideal irrigant, currently used irrigants, and irrigant delivery systems utilized in veterinary dentistry.

scholarly journals Photoactivated disinfection (PAD) of dental root canal system – An ex-vivo study

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 122-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis Mohan ◽  
Sunith Maruthingal ◽  
Rajamani Indira ◽  
Darshan Devang Divakar ◽  
Abdulaziz Abdullah Al Kheraif ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Canal System ◽  
Root Canal System ◽  
Ex Vivo Study

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF ANTIBACTERIAL EFFICACY OF CHLOROQUICKONE STEP IRRIGATING SOLUTION AND CHLORHEXIDINE GLUCONATE SOLUTION ON E. FAECALIS IN ROOT CANAL SYSTEM OF PRIMARY MOLARS: A RANDOMISED EX VIVO STUDY.

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Shah Paridhi S ◽  
Dave Bhavna H
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Chlorhexidine Gluconate ◽  
Canal System ◽  
Qrt Pcr ◽  
Group I ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Root Canal System ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Ex Vivo Study

Background: Microorganisms and their by-products are considered to be primary etiologic agents in endodontic diseases. Mechanical preparation is the principal mode of reducing the bacterial population in the root canal system, smear layer is still left on the root canal wall. Hence, irrigation of root canal allows for cleaning beyond what might be achieved by root canal instrumentation allows. Aim: To evaluate and compare antibacterial efficacy of Chloroquick- one step irrigating solution and 2% Chlorhexidine Gluconate on E. faecalis in primary molars by Quantitative Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR) study. Methodology: 40 children between age 4-7 years were included in this ex- vivo study based on selection criteria. In Group I (n=20) irrigation was done with chloroquick and normal saline and in Group II (n=20) irrigation was done with 2% chlorhexidine gluconate and normal saline. Pre- and post-irrigation samples were collected using sterile paper points and transferred into transporting medium in Eppendorf tube and sent for qRT-PCR analysis. Results: On intra-group comparison, in Group I a statistically significant reduction in E. Faecalis (colony forming units/ml) count post-irrigation was found (p=0.0130). While for Group II, there was no statistically significant reduction in E. Faecalis (colony forming units/ml) count post-irrigation (p=0.8180). On inter-group comparison between, Group I showed statistically significant reduction in E. Faecalis (colony forming units/ml) count as compared to Group II (p=0.0110) Conclusion: In the present study, continuous soft chelating irrigation protocol has shown promising results for reduction of microbial load from the root canal system of primary teeth

An Ex Vivo Study of Root Canal System Configuration and Morphology of 115 Maxillary First Premolars

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 794-800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Gerhard Wolf ◽  
Christoph Kozaczek ◽  
Mark Siegrist ◽  
Madlena Betthäuser ◽  
Frank Paqué ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
System Configuration ◽  
Canal System ◽  
Root Canal System ◽  
Ex Vivo Study

scholarly journals Root Canal Penetration of a Sodium Hypochlorite Mixture Using Sonic or Ultrasonic Activation

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 489-493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Sáinz-Pardo ◽  
Roberto Estevez ◽  
Óliver Valencia de Pablo ◽  
Giampiero Rossi-Fedele ◽  
Rafael Cisneros
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Positive Pressure ◽  
Ultrasonic Activation ◽  
Penetration Length ◽  
Working Length ◽  
Closed Systems ◽  
Canal Shaping ◽  
Ex Vivo Study

The purpose of this ex vivo study was to determine, in "open" and "closed" systems, whether the design has an influence on the penetration length of sodium hypochlorite mixed with a radiopaque contrast medium, measured in millimeters, when delivered using positive pressure (PP) and using sonic (SI) or passive ultrasonic (PUI) activation. Sixty single-rooted teeth were divided into two groups: open and closed systems (n=30). Root canal shaping was performed to a working length of 17 mm. The samples were divided into three sub-groups (n=10) according to irrigant delivery and activation: PP, and SI or PUI activation. By using radiographs, penetration length was measured, and vapor lock was assessed. For the closed group, the penetration distance means were: PP 15.715 (±0.898) mm, SI 16.299 (±0.738) mm and PUI 16.813 (±0.465) mm, with vapor lock occurring in 53.3% of the specimens. In the open group, penetration to 17 mm occurred in 97.6% of the samples, and no vapor lock occurred. Irrigant penetration and distribution evaluation using open and closed systems provide significantly different results. For closed systems, PUI is the most effective in delivering the irrigant to working length, followed by SI.

Efficacy of ultrasonic and Er:YAG laser activated EDTA irrigation in removing bacteria from ex vivo root canal system

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 265-269
Author(s):  
Sharonit Sahar-Helft ◽  
Ayşe Sena Kabaş Sarp ◽  
Murat Gulsoy ◽  
Idan Redenski ◽  
Adam Stabholtz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
Er:Yag Laser ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Canal System ◽  
Root Canal System

scholarly journals Pulp Stone—An Endodontic Challenge: Successful Retrieval of Exceptionally Long Pulp Stones measuring 14 and 9.5 mm from the Palatal Roots of Maxillary Molars

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 719-722 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anand Patil ◽  
Lalita G Nanjannawar ◽  
Girish S Nanjannawar ◽  
Hemanth Vagarali ◽  
Bharath Prathasarathy
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Canal System ◽  
Maxillary Molars ◽  
Root Canal System ◽  
Successful Retrieval ◽  
Pulp Stones

ABSTRACT Pulp stones are nodular, calcified masses commonly appearing in the coronal pulp and occasionally extending in radicular pulp. Retrieval of pulp stones remains a challenge for the endodontist as complete cleaning and shaping of root canal system is the bases for successful endodontic therapy. The aim of this case report is to show the retrieval of long pulp stones measuring 14 and 9.5 mm by utilizing synergistic effect of ultrasonics and sodium hypochlorite from the palatal roots of maxillary molars. Such case has not been reported in the literature so far. How to cite this article Nanjannawar GS, Vagarali H, Nanjannawar LG, Prathasarathy B, Patil A, Bhandi S. Pulp Stone—An Endodontic Challenge: Successful Retrieval of Exceptionally Long Pulp Stones measuring 14 and 9.5 mm from the Palatal Roots of Maxillary Molars. J Contemp Dent Pract 2012;13(5):719-722.

scholarly journals Endodontic irrigants: Different methods to improve efficacy and related problems

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (03) ◽  
pp. 459-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Dioguardi ◽  
Giovanni Di Gioia ◽  
Gaetano Illuzzi ◽  
Enrica Laneve ◽  
Armando Cocco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shear Stress ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Reaction Rate ◽  
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid ◽  
Essential Feature ◽  
Acid Solutions ◽  
Canal System ◽  
Periodontal Tissues ◽  
Apical Extrusion ◽  
Root Canal System

ABSTRACTShaping and cleaning a root canal system along with the preservation of the surrounding periodontal tissues are the principal goals of an endodontic treatment. While most of the attention is paid to the mechanical aspects of a root canal treatment, an essential feature of it is the irrigation. All over the years, many materials have been used to clean the root canal of a tooth, and certainly, the sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid solutions are the most used and most reliable ones. Putting them inside of a canal is mostly done using a normal syringe, but many techniques have been involved in this process, including the use of sonic/ultrasonic instruments, the use of shaping files, and even laser, to increase the efficacy of irrigant solutions, especially of NaOCl one. Each one of this technique faces some disadvantages, just as the vapor lock effect and the apical extrusion, and has a different action on features such as the reaction rate and the shear stress of an endodontic irrigant solution. In this narrative review, we describe the different features of many irrigant solutions and the different ways of upgrading their efficacy in the cleaning of a root canal system, with the use of tables to summarize the entire description, and drawing the readers' attention to a photographic illustration for a better understanding of the topic.

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