scholarly journals Effect of low salinity on the yellow clam Mesodesma mactroides

2015 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
YBM. Carvalho ◽  
LA. Romano ◽  
LHS. Poersch
Keyword(s):  
Digestive Gland ◽  
Histological Examination ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Size Classes ◽  
Low Salinity ◽  
Histopathological Alterations ◽  
Clam Tissue

The aim of this study was to determine the lethal salinity (LC50) for the yellow clam Mesodesma mactroides (Bivalvia: Mesodesmatidae) and identify histopathological alterations that could be used to diagnose structural changes in clam tissue. Clams in two size classes (adults and juveniles) were placed in 10 L chambers and exposed to salinities of 35, 30, 25, 20, 15, 10, and 5 g/L. There were triplicate chambers with seven clams each for each salinity. The LC50 values for a 48 h exposure were 6.5 g/L and 5.7 g/L for adults and juveniles, respectively. For a 96 h exposure, the LC50 values were 10.5 g/L for adults and 8.8 g/L for juveniles. The histological examination of yellow clams exposed to 10 g/L for 96 h showed intercellular oedema and necrotic foci in the epithelium of the digestive gland and occlusion of the lumen of the digestive gland. In conclusion, M. mactroides can be characterised as a moderately euryhaline species, tolerating salinities from 35 to 15 g/L.

HISTOLOGICAL CHANGES IN THE INTESTINES OF POULTRY DURING FODDER INTOXICATION

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.P. Dolgov ◽  
◽  
A.A. Abramov ◽  
E.V. Kuzminova ◽  
E.V. Rogaleva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Histological Examination ◽  
Aflatoxin B1 ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
The Body ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Beet Pulp

The article presents the data on the study of the influence of mycotoxins combination (T-2 toxin at the concentration of 0.095 mg/kg and aflatoxin B1 in the concentration of 0.019 mg/kg) on the body of quails and the results of pharmacocorrection of toxicosis with a complex consisting of beet pulp and lecithin. Structural changes in the intestines of quais at fodder mycotoxicosis are described. The use of antitoxic feed additives in poultry led to a weakening of the action of xenobiotics, which was confirmed by an increase in the safety of poultry and increase in body weight of quails, a decrease in the clinical manifestations of intoxication, as well as in positive changes in the structure of the intestine of the poultry during histological examination.

scholarly journals Histopathology of the Foot, Gill and Digestive Gland Tissues of Freshwater Mussel, Lamellidens marginalis Exposed to Oil Effluent

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Balamurugan S ◽  
◽  
Subramanian P ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Digestive Gland ◽  
Freshwater Mussel ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Muscle Bundle ◽  
Recovery Pattern ◽  
Histopathological Alterations ◽  
Gill Filaments ◽  
Experimental Findings ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Dense Accumulation

We investigated the histopathological alterations in the tissues of freshwater mussel, Lamellidens marginalis in response to oil effluent. Based on the previous acute toxicity, two sub lethal [1/4th (11.88ppt) and 1/10th (8.55ppt)] concentrations of oil effluent (hydrocarbon) were prepared and exposed to mussels. In a first series of experiment, animals were exposed/accumulated for 30 days [Ist, 8th, 15th, 22nd and 30th days] by two sub lethal concentrations of oil. In a second series of experiment, oil exposed animals were thereafter transferred to clean water and kept in it up to 30 days [Ist, 8th, 15th, 22nd and 30th days] to assess the recovery pattern (depuration). At seven-day intervals, histopathological alterations were analyzed in foot, gill and digestive gland tissues of mussel. First series of experimental observation showed remarkable damages in foot (disorganized outer epithelium, necrosis of the cell, the formation of lumina, disorganized muscle bundle); in gill (disruption of gill filaments, odema formation, necrosis, dis-aggregated cilia) and in digestive gland (stoma, detached glandular epithelium, vertical clefts, presence of leucocytes, dense accumulation of luminal material) and also oil effluent inducement are confirmed with the aforementioned results. At second series of experiment, it was found that oil effluent tended to accumulate in tissues in a duration-dose-dependent manner. Tissue burden by oil effluent of mussels completely were restored at 30th day. The present experimental findings may be of early warning signals of oil effluent pollution. In conclusion oil effluent are highly toxic to the Lamellidens marginalis.

scholarly journals Патоморфологія аспергільозу полярних сов (Bubo scandiacus)

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (73) ◽  
pp. 50-54
Author(s):  
R.S. Dancovych ◽  
I.S. Kolyada
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Histological Examination ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Histological Study ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Neutral Formalin ◽  
Hematoxylin Eosin ◽  
Bubo Scandiacus

This article describes pathomorphological changes developing on the conditions of aspergillosis polar owls. Research Proven to 6 polar sovah (Bubo scandiacus), which are kept at home. Dissection of birds that died were carried out by Shor. Internal organs were removed only Organocomplexes, keeping their anatomical and physiological relationships. When opening the selected material for histological examination. Fixation of the pieces performed in 10% neutral formalin solution. Histozrizy sleigh made using microtome, stained with hematoxylin-eosin, methylene green and pironinom by brush. The diagnosis is established complex, based on history, clinical signs of the analysis, the results of postmortem (including histological) study. During the autopsy the most pronounced structural changes found in respiratory organs. In the pneumatic bags and lungs vizualizuvalys multiple granulomas white and yellow compacted consistency. Form asperhiloznyh preferably concentric lesions, hudzykopodibna. Some granulomas in its center containing necrotic mass. Often found conglomerates asperhiloznyh knots. Affected pneumatic bags are thick, dense (because of diffuse proliferation of connective tissue), delayed on the surface of fibrin. Often asperhilozni granuloma located on the thick connective tissue stem. For histological examination revealed that the center was located granulomas significant number of sero-fibrinous fluid that infiltrated abundant histiocytes, poorly lymphoid elements. On the periphery vizualizuvalys lymphocytes, and plasma cells psevdoeozynofily, fibroblasts. In the center of «mature» asperhiloznyh granulomas develop pronounced necrotic changes. Around hyperemic vessels developed peryvazalni pronounced swelling. In addition, the bags found povitryanosnyh sclerotic changes (increase of fibroblast proliferation and connective tissue), and in the lungs - perifocal sero-fibrinous pneumonia. In the small intestine recorded acute catarrhal or hemorrhagic inflammation. Also showed signs of intoxication (dystrophic and necrotic changes in hepatocytes and nefrotsytiv), general anemia, cardiovascular and pulmonary disease.

scholarly journals Bioaccumulation of Heavy Metals in Water, Sediments, and Tissues and Their Histopathological Effects on Anodonta cygnea (Linea, 1876) in Kabul River, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Iftikhar Khan ◽  
Muhammad Khisroon ◽  
Ajmal Khan ◽  
Naila Gulfam ◽  
Muhammad Siraj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Digestive Gland ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Freshwater Mussel ◽  
Anodonta Cygnea ◽  
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa ◽  
Histopathological Alterations ◽  
Polluted Sites ◽  
Histopathological Effects ◽  
Kabul River

The present investigation aimed to assess the concentrations of selected heavy metals in water and sediments and their bioaccumulation in tissues of freshwater mussels and their histopathological effects on the digestive gland, gills, and gonads of Anodonta cygnea. Water, sediments, and freshwater mussel samples were collected at four sites, that is, reference and polluted sites, along the Kabul River, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The polluted sites were receiving effluents from the industrial, agricultural, municipal, and domestic sources. The order of metals in the water was Zn>Pb>Ni>Cu>Mn>Fe>Cr>Cd, in sediments the order was Fe>Zn>Cr>Ni>Mn>Pb>Cu>Cd, and in the soft tissues the order was Fe>Zn>Mn>Pb>Cu>Cr>Ni>Cd. Histopathological alterations observed in polluted sites of Kabul River were inflammation, hydropic vacuolation, and lipofuscin pigments (in digestive gland), gill lamellar fusion, dilated hemolymphatic sinus, clumping, and generation of cilia and hemocytic infiltration (in gills), and atresia, necrosis, granulocytoma, hemocytic infiltration, and lipofuscin pigments (in gonads). The histopathological alterations in the organs of Anodonta cygnea can be considered as reliable biomarkers in biomonitoring of heavy metal pollution in aquatic ecosystems.

scholarly journals A study on the toxicity of 4-nonylphenol on the histopathology of testes of African catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822)

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 676-680
Author(s):  
Suresh Zade ◽  
Aashikkumar Nagwanshi ◽  
Milind Shinkhede ◽  
Durgesh Agase
Keyword(s):  
Sertoli Cell ◽  
Histological Examination ◽  
Germ Cells ◽  
Sertoli Cells ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Vacuole Formation ◽  
Severe Destruction

In the present study, the effects of long term exposure (5 and 10 days) of 100 µg/lit 4-NP (nonyphenol) on the testis were investigated in African catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822). Histological examination of the testis of fish treated with 100 µg/lit 4-NP for 5 days showed the disintegration of cysts, separation of cells within the cysts, hypertrophy of sertoli cells and vaccuolation in testis. Histological examination of the testis of fish exposed to 100 µg/lit for 10 days showed alteration in structure of the primary spermatocytes. The structure of the spermatocytes changed from spherical to sickle shaped. Hypertrophy of sertoli cell, severe destruction of germ cells (spermatogonia), and vacuole formation was also seen. The study indicated that 4-nonylphenol had marked effects on the histology of testis of C. gariepinus. The severity of effects of fish increased with the time of exposure and it was noticed that there were marked structural changes in the testis exposed to 4-Nonylphenol for long term exposure.

Fine Structural Changes in the Microvasculature of the Mouse Pinna: Aging and Radiation Injury

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 54-55
Author(s):  
S. Phyllis Steamer ◽  
Rosemarie L. Devine
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
Radiation Treatment ◽  
Arterial Stenosis ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Vascular Effects ◽  
Microvascular Changes ◽  
Surrounding Connective Tissue ◽  
Fission Neutrons ◽  
Total Body

The importance of radiation damage to the skin and its vasculature was recognized by the early radiologists. In more recent studies, vascular effects were shown to involve the endothelium as well as the surrounding connective tissue. Microvascular changes in the mouse pinna were studied in vivo and recorded photographically over a period of 12-18 months. Radiation treatment at 110 days of age was total body exposure to either 240 rad fission neutrons or 855 rad 60Co gamma rays. After in vivo observations in control and irradiated mice, animals were sacrificed for examination of changes in vascular fine structure. Vessels were selected from regions of specific interest that had been identified on photomicrographs. Prominent ultrastructural changes can be attributed to aging as well as to radiation treatment. Of principal concern were determinations of ultrastructural changes associated with venous dilatations, segmental arterial stenosis and tortuosities of both veins and arteries, effects that had been identified on the basis of light microscopic observations. Tortuosities and irregularly dilated vein segments were related to both aging and radiation changes but arterial stenosis was observed only in irradiated animals.

Evaluation of single-electron movies of glutamine synthetase molecules

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 280-281
Author(s):  
W. Kunath ◽  
E. Zeitler ◽  
M. Kessel
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Glutamine Synthetase ◽  
Electron Irradiation ◽  
Structural Damage ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Single Electron ◽  
Continuous Series ◽  
Digital Recording ◽  
Recording Device ◽  
Low Exposure

The features of digital recording of a continuous series (movie) of singleelectron TV frames are reported. The technique is used to investigate structural changes in negatively stained glutamine synthetase molecules (GS) during electron irradiation and, as an ultimate goal, to look for the molecules' “undamaged” structure, say, after a 1 e/Å2 dose.The TV frame of fig. la shows an image of 5 glutamine synthetase molecules exposed to 1/150 e/Å2. Every single electron is recorded as a unit signal in a 256 ×256 field. The extremely low exposure of a single TV frame as dictated by the single-electron recording device including the electron microscope requires accumulation of 150 TV frames into one frame (fig. lb) thus achieving a reasonable compromise between the conflicting aspects of exposure time per frame of 3 sec. vs. object drift of less than 1 Å, and exposure per frame of 1 e/Å2 vs. rate of structural damage.

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