scholarly journals Abiotic factors drives floristic variations of fern’s metacommunity in an Atlantic Forest remnant

2018 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. 736-741 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. E. N. Costa ◽  
R. P. Farias ◽  
A. C. P. Santiago ◽  
I. A. A. Silva ◽  
I. C. L. Barros
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Air Humidity ◽  
Dissimilarity Index ◽  
Relative Air Humidity ◽  
Forest Remnant ◽  
Environmental Variations ◽  
Curtis Dissimilarity

Abstract We analyzed floristic variations in fern’s metacommunity at the local scale and their relationship with abiotic factors in an Atlantic Forest remnant of northeastern Brazil. Floristic and environmental variations were accessed on ten plots of 10 × 20 m. We performed cluster analyses, based on Bray-Curtis dissimilarity index to establish the floristic relationship. The influence of abiotic factors: luminosity, temperature, relative air humidity and relative soil moisture was evaluated from a redundancy analysis. We found 24 species belonging to 20 genera and 12 families. The fern’s flora showed high floristic heterogeneity (>75% for most of the plot’s associations). The fern’s metacommunity was structured along an abiotic gradient modulated by temperature, luminosity, and relative soil moisture.

Clinical, epidemiological and climatic factors related to the occurrence of cutaneous leishmaniasis in an endemic area in northeastern Brazil

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. S. Oliveira ◽  
K. B. A. Pimentel ◽  
M. L. Moura ◽  
C. F. Aragão ◽  
A. S. Guimarães-e-Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Air Humidity ◽  
Disease Occurrence ◽  
Relative Air Humidity ◽  
Age Range ◽  
And Control

Abstract Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a neglected tropical disease with a wide distribution in the Americas. Brazil is an endemic country and present cases in all states. This study aimed to describe the occurrence, the underlying clinical and epidemiological factors, and the correlation of climatic variables with the frequency of reported CL cases in the municipality of Caxias, state of Maranhão, Brazil. This is a retrospective and descriptive epidemiological study based on data extracted from the Brazilian Information System of Diseases Notification, from 2007 to 2017. Maximum and minimum temperature, precipitation, and relative air humidity data were provided by the Brazilian National Institute of Meteorology. A total of 201 reported autochthonous CL cases were analyzed. The predominance of cases was observed in males (70.1%). The age range between 31 and 60 years old was the most affected, with 96 cases (47.9%). Of the total number of registered cases, 38.8% of the affected individuals were engaged in agriculture-related activities. The georeferenced distribution revealed the heterogeneity of disease occurrence, with cases concentrated in the Western and Southern regions of the municipality. An association was detected between relative air humidity (monthly mean) and the number of CL cases per month (p = 0.04). CL continues to be a concerning public health issue in Caxias. In this context, there is a pressing need to strengthen measures of prevention and control of the disease through the network of health services of the municipality, considering local and regional particularities.

The orchid-bee fauna (Hymenoptera: Apidae) of a forest remnant in northeastern Brazil, with new geographic records and an identification key to the known species of the Atlantic Forest of northeastern Brazil

Zootaxa ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 2656 (1) ◽  
pp. 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANDRÉ NEMÉSIO
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Rain Forest ◽  
Amazon Basin ◽  
The State ◽  
Identification Key ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Atlantic Rain Forest ◽  
Orchid Bee ◽  
Forest Remnant ◽  
First Time

The orchid bee fauna of Estação Ecológica de Murici (ESEC Murici), in the state of Alagoas, one of the largest remnants of the Atlantic Rain Forest in northeastern Brazil, was surveyed for the first time. Seven hundred and twenty-one orchid-bee males belonging to 17 species were collected from the 3rd to the 10th of September, 2009. Besides the recently described Eulaema (Apeulaema) felipei Nemésio, 2010, three other species recorded at ESEC Murici deserve further attention: Euglossa amazonica Dressler, 1982b, recorded for the first time outside the Amazon Basin; Euglossa milenae Bembé, 2007 and Euglossa analis Westwood, 1840, both recorded for the first time in the Atlantic Forest of northeastern Brazil north to São Francisco river. These results together with previous samplings in the state of Alagoas reveal that at least 22 orchid-bee species are now known to occur there. Three other species not recorded for Alagoas yet are known from the neighbor states of Sergipe, Pernambuco, and Paraíba. An identification key to all 25 species of Euglossina known to occur in the states of Alagoas, Sergipe, Pernambuco, Paraíba, and Rio Grande do Norte is provided.

scholarly journals Influence of abiotic factors in a population of Parides ascanius (Papilionidae, Lepidoptera) in an urban restinga fragment

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 367-377
Author(s):  
Emily dos Santos Pereira ◽  
Amanda Soares Miranda ◽  
Ana Paula Albano Araújo ◽  
Vinícius Albano Araújo
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Air Humidity ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Management Plans ◽  
Environmental Protection Area ◽  
Protection Area ◽  
Number Of Individuals

Fragmentation and loss of natural habitats has reduced biodiversity in neotropical ecosystems. The restinga, a phytophysiognomy of the Atlantic Forest, has lost much of its original coverage and remains largely threatened by urbanisation. Restingas are considered hotspots of biodiversity and are listed as priority areas for conservation due to their great presence of endemic species, such as the endangered butterfly Parides ascanius Cramer, 1775. In this work, we analyse the influence of abiotic factors (temperature and humidity) on the abundance of P. ascanius in an urban restinga fragment of Iriry’s Environmental Protection Area (Iriry APA), located in the municipality of Rio das Ostras in Rio de Janeiro. For that, the mark-recapture technique was used. Sampling was carried out from October 2017 to May 2018, between 7:00 am and 11:00 am. Seventy-two individuals of P. ascanius were collected and showed higher proportions of males over females and greater abundance of individuals in the month of October. On average, the number of individuals was significantly higher with the increase in air temperature and lower with the increase in air humidity. The abundance of P. ascanius at the restinga of Iriry APA varied monthly and temporally throughout the day, influenced by temperature and air humidity. The results provide information that can support management plans for conservation of this threatened species, as well as for urban areas of the Atlantic Forest.

scholarly journals First records of Ocelot Leopardus pardalis (Linnaeus, 1758) (Carnivora: Felidae) from Rio Grande do Norte, northeastern Brazil

Check List ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 2087 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo Henrique Marinho ◽  
Anderson Feijó ◽  
Simone Almeida Gavilan ◽  
Edweslley Otaviano de Moura ◽  
Eduardo Martins Venticinque
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Leopardus Pardalis ◽  
Forest Remnant

We documented the first reports of Ocelot, Leopardus pardalis (Linnaeus, 1758), in the Rio Grande do Norte state, northeastern Brazil. In December 2014, one adult male was road-killed in an Atlantic Forest remnant in São Gonçalo do Amarante municipality. Another three animals were killed by hunters in the Caatinga between 2012 and 2014, in the municipalities of Lajes and Santana do Matos. These records provide important information about the occurrence and distribution and conservation of this mesocarnivore in northeastern South America.

scholarly journals Anurofauna of a remnant of Atlantic Forest in northeast Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 415-425
Author(s):  
Gessica Gomes Barbosa ◽  
Camila Nascimento de Oliveira ◽  
Umberto Diego Rodrigues de Oliveira ◽  
Gilberto Gonçalves Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Northeast Brazil ◽  
Pitfall Traps ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Forest Remnant ◽  
Richness Estimators ◽  
Collection Methods

Studies on spatial occupation are fundamental to understand amphibian communities. The aim of this study was to record information on the spatial distribution of anurans in the Tejipió forest, state of Pernambuco, Northeastern Brazil. Fieldwork was carried out weekly between October 2011 and April 2012, with daytime and night-time excursions for time-constrained active searching, in forested and open areas, military construction area and water bodies. Pitfall traps and accidental sightings were also used as alternative collection methods. Data were used to calculate richness, rarefaction curves and richness estimators. A total of 21 species were recorded, distributed in six families: Bufonidae (2 spp.); Craugastoridae (1 sp.); Hylidae (8 spp.); Leptodactylidae (8 spp.); Microhylidae (1 sp.) and Phyllomedusidae (1 sp.). Only the species Rhinella jimi was found occupying all sampled habitats in the research area. Adenomera hylaedactyla and Pristimantis ramagii deserve special care in the area because they are specialists, occupying a smaller number of habitats and microhabitats. The community of anurans of the Tejipió forest is similar to those recorded in other areas of the Atlantic Forest at the Pernambuco State, and its knowledge is essential as a basis for conservation of the area. The gradual recovery of this Atlantic Forest remnant would favor the recolonization of fauna and flora and the conservation of local biodiversity.

scholarly journals Floristic characterization of an Atlantic Rainforest remnant in Southern Sergipe: Crasto forest

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Myrna Friederichs Landim ◽  
Carolyn Elinore Barnes Proença ◽  
Adeline Brito Sales ◽  
Ilaíne Silveira Matos
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Species List ◽  
Forest Remnant ◽  
Plant Collections ◽  
Lowland Forests ◽  
Total Species ◽  
New Occurrences

The state of Sergipe has suffered extreme reduction of its Atlantic Forest area in the last decades. The objective of this study is to present an inventory of the Mata do Crasto flora, the largest Atlantic Forest Remnant in Sergipe (approximately 1,000 ha), located in the Municipality of Santa Luzia do Itanhy. An intensive survey was undertaken with monthly plant collections in the study area, for four years (1995 to 1999). Additionally, collections deposited in herbaria were consulted to complete the species list. A total of 324 species were found, belonging to 84 families and 193 genera. This study adds an additional 29 genera and 96 species to the Sergipe flora as new occurrences. The four most speciose families were the Fabaceae (33 species), Rubiaceae (24 species), Myrtaceae (23 species) and Melastomataceae (15 species), that accounted for ca. 30% of the total species. The taxonomic distinction of the area is very similar to three other lowland forests in Northeastern Brazil, although its species composition is quite distinct.

Diurnal? Calling activity patterns reveal nocturnal habits in the aposematic toad Melanophryniscus rubriventris

2016 ◽  
Vol 94 (7) ◽  
pp. 497-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.C. Pereyra ◽  
M.S. Akmentins ◽  
E.A. Sanabria ◽  
M. Vaira
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Diel Activity ◽  
High Plasticity ◽  
Air Humidity ◽  
Diel Pattern ◽  
Relative Air Humidity ◽  
Calling Activity ◽  
Mating Opportunities ◽  
Male Calling

In diurnal species with short breeding seasons, an extension of diel activity to the night hours could be favoured to maximize mating opportunities, but individuals must deal with physiological and behavioural constraints. We tested this hypothesis in the Yungas Red-belly Toad (Melanophryniscus rubriventris (Vellard, 1947)). We registered the diel pattern of male calling activity in two localities using automated recording systems, and related it to abiotic factors such as temperature, relative air humidity, and precipitation. The diel pattern of vocalization was mainly diurnal. Interestingly though, nocturnal calling activity was a common feature, representing between 40% and 43% of call records in both localities. Vocal activity was significantly influenced by time of the day and presence of rainfall. Calling males showed high plasticity, with activity in the entire environmental range of relative air humidity and temperature. Nocturnal calling seems to play an important role in the mating strategy of males, and it is probably more frequent in the genus Melanophryniscus than currently assumed. We discuss the implications of our findings in relation to different aspects of ecology of the species and suggest that bright colouration in M. rubriventris might result from a compromise between several nonconflicting functions (e.g., aposematism and thermoregulation).

scholarly journals Occurrence of Biting Midges (Diptera: Culicoides) on Dairy Farms in Eastern Slovakia in Relation to Abiotic Factors

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 47-56
Author(s):  
A. Kočišová ◽  
Z. Kasičová ◽  
M. Halán ◽  
P. Komorová
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Air Flow ◽  
Airflow Rate ◽  
Air Humidity ◽  
Air Flow Rate ◽  
Biting Midges ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Physiological Conditions ◽  
Biting Midge ◽  
Relative Air Humidity

Abstract Within the scope of our research, we have performed 59 trapping sessions and collected 15,756 biting midges from 20 species at four farms (Kluknava, Ostrov, Turňa nad Bodovou and Zemplínska Teplica), The most frequent types of captured insects were representatives of the Avaritia subgenus, C. obsoletus/C. scoticus, representing on average 85.1 % (13,295 individuals) of the fauna of the biting midges, with the exception of the farm in Ostrov where this group represented only 41.7 % of the fauna. At this particular farm, the most frequently trapped insects belonged to the Culicoides subgenus (54.1 %), in particular the C. bysta, C. lupicaris, C. newsteadi, C. Pulicaris and C. Punctatus species. During the trapping sessions, we monitored factors affecting the number of trapped biting midges, such as the temperature, relative air humidity and airflow rate: the air temperature during the trapping of the biting midges ranged from 9.8 to 26.2 °C; the relative air humidity ranged from 35.1 to 100 %; and the air flow rate ranged from no wind to a wind velocity of 8.2 m.s-1. However, in the final evaluation, we failed to observe a statistically significant correlation between the air flow and the number of trapped biting midges. The largest amounts of biting midges were trapped at temperatures ranging from 15.8 to 24.6 °C and at a relative air humidity ranging from 54.2 % to 68.6 %. While monitoring the seasonal dynamics of the physiological conditions of biting midge females at the selected farms, we confirmed that during the period from June to August, the most frequently trapped females were parous (50.1 %; 7,826 individuals). In addition, nulliparous females comprised 43.8 % (6,842 individuals) and were continuously trapped throughout the season (April— November).

scholarly journals Emballonuridae Gervais, 1855 (Chiroptera) of Reserva Biológica de Saltinho (Atlantic Forest), in Brazil, revealed by echolocation

Check List ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1925 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederico Hintze ◽  
Eder Barbier ◽  
Enrico Bernard
Keyword(s):  
Cryptic Species ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
First Record ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Forest Edges ◽  
Forest Remnant ◽  
Saccopteryx Bilineata ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Lower Frequencies

Seventeen species of emballonurid bats are known in Brazil, but their distribution is often determined by patchy records. However, due to almost species-specific calls, echolocation can help to refine the distribution of emballonurids. Here we use acoustic samplings to assess and complement the list of emballonurids of Reserva Biológica Saltinho, an important Atlantic Forest remnant in Pernambuco state, Northeastern Brazil. We positively matched calls of Saccopteryx bilineata (Temminck, 1838) that was foraging along forest edges. However, a series of calls significantly different from those emitted by S. bilineata indicate the presence of a second Saccopteryx sonotype in the area. The lower frequencies in this sonotype presumably came from a larger species, indicating the possible existence of an undescribed cryptic species of Saccopteryx. We also detected Centronycteris maximiliani (Fischer, 1829), recorded 35 years after its first record in Pernambuco, and an undetermined species of Peropteryx Peters, 1867. Our data proved that echolocation is a very useful technique for inventorying poorly known and hard-to-capture emballonurid species, with the potential to reveal the cryptic richness.

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