scholarly journals Freshwater fishes of the Bahia State, Northeastern Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
André Teixeira Silva ◽  
Ricardo Jucá Chagas ◽  
Alexandre Clistenes de Alcântara Santos ◽  
Angela Maria Zanata ◽  
Beatriz Kawamura Rodrigues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Threatened Species ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Human Occupation ◽  
Temporary Habitats ◽  
The Family ◽  
Threat Categories ◽  
Coastal Basins

Abstract: This work was carried out from the assessment of the conservation status of the freshwater ichthyofauna from Bahia State. The inventory data and species distribution were obtained from the specialized scientific literature and representative ichthyological collections. A total of 281 native species was recorded in Bahia State, distributed in the Northeastern Mata Atlantica (NMA) and São Francisco (SFR) freshwater ecoregions. There was a larger number of species in the NMA (187 spp.), composed by several coastal basins, than in the SFR (134 spp.), composed by São Francisco river basin. Among the 30 families recorded, Characidae and Rivulidae were the most representative, with 53 and 48 species, respectively. The conservation status of 214 species was assessed and 33 of them (15%) were included in the IUCN threat categories. Of these, 11 species were classified as vulnerable (VU), 12 as endangered (EN), and 10 as critically endangered (CR). Most threatened species (n = 14) belongs to the family Rivulidae. The larger number of threatened species in the NMA: (n = 23) is mainly related to the high endemism of restricted-range species associated with the human occupation impacts along the coastal regions. In the SFR, most of threatened species are annual killifishes, which are locally disappearing due to increasing degradation of their temporary habitats.

Macro and microcharacters reveal a new species of Dichanthelium (Poaceae, Panicoideae) endemic to sandy soils of the Chapada Diamantina, Bahia, northeastern Brazil

Phytotaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 447 (3) ◽  
pp. 149-162
Author(s):  
ANDREZA O. MATOS ◽  
JOSEANE S. CARNEIRO ◽  
IASMIN L. C. OLIVEIRA ◽  
KELLY R. B. LEITE ◽  
CHRISTIAN SILVA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Sandy Soils ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Campo Rupestre ◽  
Chapada Diamantina ◽  
The Family ◽  
Northern Portion ◽  
Status Assessment ◽  
Reproductive Characters

Dichanthelium is a genus belonging to the family Poaceae, included in the subfamily Panicoideae. It is widely distributed on the American continent, from Canada to Argentina. In Brazil, several species are endemic, mainly to the Chapada Diamantina, the Bahian portion of the Espinhaço range. One of them, D. cumbucana, has a problematic circumscription. During the preparation of a taxonomic account of Dichanthelium for Bahia, we found some specimens from Morro do Chapéu, a municipality of the northern portion of Chapada Diamantina, to be similar to D. cumbucana, but with distinguishing features. After morphological, anatomical and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses, we found significant differences in the vegetative and reproductive characters of these specimens. Based on these data, we consider these specimens to be part of an independent taxon, herein described as the new species D. arenicola, which is only known from areas of sandy soils associated with “campo rupestre” vegetation. We also provide illustrations, data on habitat and distribution, as well as a conservation status assessment for the new species.

scholarly journals Fish fauna from the Paranapanema River basin, Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucas Ribeiro Jarduli ◽  
Diego Azevedo Zoccal Garcia ◽  
Ana Paula Vidotto-Magnoni ◽  
Armando Cesar Rodrigues Casimiro ◽  
Norberto Castro Vianna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Fish Fauna ◽  
Main Channel ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Management Actions ◽  
The Family ◽  
Upper Paraná River ◽  
Upper Paraná River Basin

Abstract: The Paranapanema River is an important, extensively explored tributary of the Upper Paraná River basin. The fish fauna of the Paranapanema River has been investigated since the 1990s; however, no study has characterized the richness of fish species throughout the basin, including the main channel of the river, marginal lagoons, its tributaries, and sub-tributaries. Thus, we performed a review with 90 independent studies conducted at the upper, middle, and lower sections of the basin. We recorded 225 species, of which 165 were native, and 60 were non-native. We found that 77% of the species within the basin are composed by Siluriformes and Characiformes. Cichliformes had a significant number of non-native species established in impoundment sections of the basin. Incidence-Based Estimators (Bootstrap and Chao 2) demonstrated that the richness of native species is still underestimated. Some native (e.g., Hypostomus ancistroides) and non-native species (e.g., Plagioscion squamosissimus) are widely distributed in the basin, while others had a more restricted distribution. Among the registered species, the family Bryconidae had the highest number of representatives with threatened conservation status. In addition, we observed that the Capivara Reservoir and its tributaries were the most sampled regions, with the majority of studies performed in the Lower Paranapanema basin. The species richness recorded in large tributaries, such as Tibagi, Cinzas, Congonhas, and Pirapó rivers is critical for maintaining the fish fauna in the Paranapanema River. Our contribution may be used to support management actions and conservation strategies, as well as to indicate regions in the basin that need to be better inventoried.

scholarly journals A new record of Betta splendens (Anabantiformes: Osphronemidae) for the northeastern Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-119
Author(s):  
Caroline Da Silva Oliveira ◽  
Felipe Pontieri de Lima ◽  
Diogo Freitas Souza ◽  
Ana Maria Peixoto Fontes Vicensotto ◽  
André Batista Nobile
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Exotic Species ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Native Species ◽  
New Record ◽  
Betta Splendens ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Special Importance ◽  
Natural Community ◽  
The Family

The introduction of exotic species, although harmful to the natural environment, still occurs accidentally, intentionally or as a strategy of biological control. In this work, a specimen of Betta splendens was collected and recorded for Northeastern Brazil, a fish of the family Osphronemidae, originally from Asia. This species has the potential to compete with the native species, causing alterations in the natural community. The record of this species in Brazilian environments and the lack of diagnostic works on this region makes this work of special importance and as an incentive for future investigations.

scholarly journals Anuros del norte de los andes: patrones de riqueza de especies y estado de conservación

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (39) ◽  
pp. 491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Orlando Armesto ◽  
Josefa Celsa Señaris
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Species Number ◽  
Cordillera Central ◽  
Northern Andes ◽  
Iucn Categories ◽  
Historical Factors ◽  
The Family ◽  
Richness Patterns

Knowledge of Andean anurans is constantly increasing; for this reason, it needs an update. We reviewed scientific literature and museum records to determine the species richness of anurans in the northern Andes and their conservation status based on the IUCN categories. The northern Andes harbor 740 species of anurans, belonging to 13 families and 63 genera. The family with the highest species number was Craugastoridae (334 spp.), followed by Bufonidae (92 spp.), and Centrolenidae (81 spp.). The Cordillera Central of Colombia harbors the highest species richness (199 spp.), while the Cordillera de la Costa Oriental de Venezuela contains the lowest species number (17 spp.). Most species (74%) is endemic to the northern Andes, but no family is endemic to the northern Andes. About 50% species is threatened and 20% is included in the category of deficient data. The species richness patterns in northern Andes might be caused, among other reasons, by historical factors, but also result of sampling lack in some areas.

scholarly journals Plant diversity assessment of karst limestone, a case study of Malaysia’s Batu Caves

2021 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 21-49
Author(s):  
Ruth Kiew ◽  
Rafidah Abdul Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Threatened Species ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Vascular Plant ◽  
Buffer Zone ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Importance Score ◽  
Diversity Assessment

Batu Caves hill is typical of karst hills in Peninsular Malaysia due to its small size and high biodiversity. It harbours 366 vascular plant species that represent about 25% of the Peninsula’s limestone flora. Five species are endemic to Batu Caves and 23 are threatened species. This high biodiversity is the result of many microhabitats, each with their own assemblages of species. Threats are especially severe as the area of Batu Caves is surrounded by urbanisation that encroaches to the foot of cliffs, is vulnerable to fire, habitat disturbance and, formerly, by quarrying. Assigning a Conservation Importance Score (CIS) to all species is quantitative and accurate, can be implemented rapidly and produces reproducible results. Species with highest CIS are native species of primary vegetation, restricted to limestone substrates, endangered conservation status and, in this case, endemic to Batu Caves. It allows not only species, but microhabitats, sites within a hill and different hills to be compared. By identifying and surveying all microhabitats and focusing on locating endemic and threatened species, maximum biodiversity can be captured. Of the 16 microhabitats identified, the most threatened were the buffer zone, lower levels of steep earth-covered slopes and cave entrances. Application of this method provides a scientific basis for balancing the need to protect microhabitats and sites with the highest CIS, with their multiple uses by various stakeholders, which, at Batu Caves, include the activities of cave temples and eco-recreation. It also provides a scientific quantitative method to compare hills to ensure that those hills with highest CIS are not released for mining.

scholarly journals Diversity patterns and conservation status of native argentinean crucifers (Brassicaceae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 530-566
Author(s):  
Diego L. Salariato ◽  
Fernando O. Zuloaga
Keyword(s):  
Threatened Species ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Extinction Risk ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Habitat Destruction ◽  
Conservation Priorities ◽  
Species Extinction ◽  
Species List ◽  
Patagonian Steppe ◽  
Distribution Maps

Global warming, coupled with habitat destruction and human activity, are accelerating the rates of species extinction worldwide. Species-extinction risk assessment using the IUCN Red List categories, together with the study of the spatial patterns of biodiversity, are fundamental approaches for identifying conservation priorities and targeting government decisions to mitigate impacts on biodiversity. Here, we analyzed the geographic distribution of Argentinean species of Brassicaceae using species point distributional data. In this way, we classified species following the IUCN threat categories at a regional level, and analyzed patterns of richness, endemism, and threat on the different ecoregions and biomes of the country. In addition, we also explored differences in elevation, annual mean temperature, annual precipitation, and aridity between endemic vs. non-endemic and threatened vs. non-threatened species. The results showed that of the 162 Argentinean taxa, 58 species were here categorized as threatened (VU, EN, or CR) (36%). However, when only endemics are considered, more than half of these (33 spp, 57%) are threatened. Although species inhabit all environments and biogeographic regions of the country, arid to semi-arid areas, which are associated to the Andes and the Patagonian steppe, contained most of the species. Specifically, the Central Andean Puna and the Patagonian steppe ecoregions included the greatest number of species, endemics, and threatened species. Furthermore, different hotspots of richness, endemism, and threat were detected along Andean regions and the Patagonian steppe, and endemics were characterized by inhabiting on average drier areas than non-endemic native species. An up-to-date species list, including conservation status, distribution maps for all species, hotspots of richness, endemism, and threat, are also provided. This work seeks to contribute to the knowledge on geographical patterns of the Argentinean flora and its conservation, complementing the information published in the Flora of Argentina.

New records, conservation assessments and distribution of Lamiaceae in Rio Grande do Norte, northeastern, Brazil

Phytotaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 311 (1) ◽  
pp. 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
ARTHUR DE SOUZA SOARES ◽  
JOSÉ FLORIANO BARÊA PASTORE ◽  
JOMAR GOMES JARDIM
Keyword(s):  
Native Species ◽  
New Records ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Conservation Units ◽  
Seasonally Dry ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Conservation Assessments

This study presents nine new records and the conservation status of Lamiaceae species in Rio Grande do Norte State (RN), Brazil. The data obtained is based on fieldwork and examination of herbarium specimens. Thirty Lamiaceae species were recorded in RN, of which 16 are native to Brazil, nine are recorded for the first time for the state and one is new to science. The conservation assessments were based on IUCN geographic criteria: Area of Occurrence and Extension of Occurrence of each species. Among the native species, three were classified as Endangered, four as Vulnerable, three are of Least Concern, two are Near Threatened and four are Data Deficient. The highest number of Lamiaceae species, 14 altogether, is embraced by the phytogeographic domain Caatinga, a Seasonally Dry Tropical Forest, although less than 1% of this region is protected by conservation units. This study reveals the worrying conservation status of Lamiaceae in RN and the need for conservation actions, such as creating new conservation units and monitoring populations in the wild.

Native Species of Sapotaceae Juss. in Paraná, Brazil

Phytotaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 430 (4) ◽  
pp. 224-276
Author(s):  
RAFAEL R. VÖLTZ ◽  
ANDERSON ALVES-ARAÚJO ◽  
RENATO GOLDENBERG
Keyword(s):  
Native Species ◽  
Vegetation Type ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Large Family ◽  
The State ◽  
Atlantic Rain Forest ◽  
Current Conservation ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Worldwide Distribution ◽  
The Family

Sapotaceae is a large family of angiosperms which has predominantly tree species, and worldwide distribution in subtropical and tropical regions. The Neotropics are one of the greatest centers of diversity of Sapotaceae, and in Brazil, the family comprises 12 genera and 234 species, of which 103 species are endemic. We present here a taxonomic treatment for the native species of Sapotaceae from the State of Paraná, with an identification key, descriptions, geographic distribution, phenology, illustrations, and current conservation status for all taxa. Twenty-two species were documented in Paraná, belonging to seven genera. The richest genus was Pouteria with 11 species, followed by Chrysophyllum with five species and Pradosia with two species. The genera Diploon, Ecclinusa, Manilkara, and Sideroxylon have only one species each. Pouteria guianensis and Pouteria ramiflora are new records for the state. The Atlantic Rain Forest is the richest vegetation type with six genera and 13 species, followed by the Seasonal Forest with three genera and nine species. The Araucaria Forest and Cerrado have two genera each, the former with three species and the latter with two species. Out of 22 species, one has been mentioned as endangered (EN), one is vulnerable (VU), one is near threatened (NT), nine are least concern (LC), and ten have not been evaluated (NE).

First records of bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera) from Muong Phang cultural and historical site, Dien Bien province, Northwestern Vietnam

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 296-302
Author(s):  
Dao Nhan Loi ◽  
Vu Dinh Thong
Keyword(s):  
Conservation Status ◽  
Forest Area ◽  
Sound Recordings ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Family ◽  
Biological Taxa

The internationally renowned Muong Phang Cultural and Historical Site is located in the Dien Bien Phu region, northwestern Vietnam, and has received special attention from the public because of its great biodiversity. This site has a large forest area and other habitats including lakes, streams, rivers and paddyfield. These habitats would be ideal homes for bats and other biological taxa. However, in general, the wildlife of the Muong Phang Cultural and Historical Site receives little attention from scientists and authorities. Between 2014 and 2016, we conducted  series of surveys for bats in Muong Phang. Bat capture and sound recordings were the main procedure to obtain materials and data necessary for the assessment of diversity and conservation status. The results of the surveys this time revealed that there are 19 species of bats belonging to 7 genera, 5 families in the study area. Of these, a Myotis sp. is different from all the previously recorded Myotis bats from Vietnam, and, a Rhinolophus sp. is different from every described species of the family Rhinolophidae. This paper provides the first records of bats from Muong Phang with remarks on their taxonomy and conservation status.   Citation: Dao Nhan Loi, Vu Dinh Thong, 2017. First records of bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera) from Muong Phang cultural and historical site, Dien Bien province, Northwestern Vietnam. Tap chi Sinh hoc, 39(3): 296-302. DOI: 10.15625/0866-7160/v39n3.10641. *Corresponding author: [email protected]. Received 29 August 2017, accepted 10 September 2017 

scholarly journals Turbid Coral Reefs: Past, Present and Future—A Review

Diversity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 251
Author(s):  
Adi Zweifler (Zvifler) ◽  
Michael O’Leary ◽  
Kyle Morgan ◽  
Nicola K. Browne
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Coral Reef ◽  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Environmental Change ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Geographic Range ◽  
Reef Complex ◽  
Sediment Input

Increasing evidence suggests that coral reefs exposed to elevated turbidity may be more resilient to climate change impacts and serve as an important conservation hotspot. However, logistical difficulties in studying turbid environments have led to poor representation of these reef types within the scientific literature, with studies using different methods and definitions to characterize turbid reefs. Here we review the geological origins and growth histories of turbid reefs from the Holocene (past), their current ecological and environmental states (present), and their potential responses and resilience to increasing local and global pressures (future). We classify turbid reefs using new descriptors based on their turbidity regime (persistent, fluctuating, transitional) and sources of sediment input (natural versus anthropogenic). Further, by comparing the composition, function and resilience of two of the most studied turbid reefs, Paluma Shoals Reef Complex, Australia (natural turbidity) and Singapore reefs (anthropogenic turbidity), we found them to be two distinct types of turbid reefs with different conservation status. As the geographic range of turbid reefs is expected to increase due to local and global stressors, improving our understanding of their responses to environmental change will be central to global coral reef conservation efforts.

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