scholarly journals Clinical, tomographic, and postmortem aspects of a rare congenital Dicephalus Monauchenos Iniodymus in a Nelore calf produced in vitro from Brazil - case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 73 (5) ◽  
pp. 1105-1110
Author(s):  
H.S. Toma ◽  
J.V.P. Barreto ◽  
A.M. Amude ◽  
C.D.M. Toma ◽  
J.P.V. Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
In Vitro Production ◽  
Cesarean Birth ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Right ◽  
Vitro Production ◽  
Trapezoid Body ◽  
Occipital Foramen

ABSTRACT The aim of this work was to report the occurrence of dicephalus iniodymus monauchenos in a Nellore newborn. A three-days old calf, from in vitro production, with duplication of the head and a history of cesarean birth was attended. On physical examination, the dicephalus, iniodymus and monauchenos, which were almost the same size and shape, had four eyes and four ears. Computed tomography showed the presence of two skulls fused with a common occipital foramen, two nasopharynxes, oropharynxes with the presence of a cleft lip and a cleft palate in the right head, which continued in a single esophagus and a single trachea. At necropsy, the presence of duplication of the cerebrum and cerebellum was observed, with union of the parts in the region of the trapezoid body of the brainstem and continued as a single spinal cord. This study characterizes the clinical, tomographic, and necropsy findings of a dicephalus Nelore neonate.

scholarly journals Qualitative and quantitative analysis of buffalo ovaries, follicles and oocytes in view of in vitro production of embryos

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 23-27
Author(s):  
MAMY Khandoker ◽  
N Jahan ◽  
L Asad ◽  
SAM Hoque ◽  
S Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Analysis ◽  
In Vitro Production ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Length Width ◽  
The Right ◽  
Vitro Production ◽  
Weight Number

This study was conducted to evaluate the buffalo ovaries, follicles and cumulus-oocyte-complexes (COCs) with the view of in vitro production (IVP) of embryos. Buffalo (Bubalis bubalis) ovaries were collected from local slaughterhouse and categorized according to the position of ovaries in the genital tract (left vs. right) and presence or absence of corpus luteum (CL). Moreover, collected ovaries were also evaluated for length, width and weight, number of follicles, aspirated follicles and state of COCs. The length (cm) of right ovary (2.32±0.06) was significantly (P<0.05) higher than left ones (2.14±0.05). Number of follicles were higher (P<0.05) in the left (7.25±0.31) compare to the right (6.22±0.32) ovaries. Other parameters, including width, weight and number of COC aspirated did not differ significantly (P<0.05) between right and left ovaries. The length, width and weight of ovaries with CL were higher (P<0.05) whereas, number of observed follicles, aspirated follicles, number of COCs and number of normal COCs were significantly (P<0.05) higher in ovaries without CL than their counter parts.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjas.v40i1-2.10786Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2011. 409 (1-2): 23-27

THE IN VITRO PRODUCTION OF ANDROGENS BY FOLLICULAR TISSUE OF RABBITS

1964 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 306-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denis Gospodarowicz
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Production ◽  
Vitro Production

ABSTRACT Incubation in vitro of rabbit follicles in separate experiments with dehydroepiandrosterone-14C (DHEA-14C), progesterone-14C and pregnenolone-3H in the presence of FSH gave the following results: 39 % of the radioactivity of DHEA-14C is converted to androstenedione and testosterone, while only 3 % of the radioactivity of either progesterone-14C or pregnenolone-3H is found in the androgen fraction. From the ratio of testosterone to androstenedione formed from the three precursors, the results are interpreted to mean that DHEA and pregnenolone, and not progesterone, are precursors of androgens in the follicle.

Oxygenation of 18-hydroxycorticosterone as the final reaction for aldosterone biosynthesis

1984 ◽  
Vol 107 (3) ◽  
pp. 395-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Itaru Kojima ◽  
Etsuro Ogata ◽  
Hiroshi Inano ◽  
Bun-ichi Tamaoki
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
In Vitro Production ◽  
Mitochondrial Preparation ◽  
Final Reaction ◽  
Vitro Production ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Cytochrome P 450

Abstract. Incubation of 18-hydroxycorticosterone with the sonicated mitochondrial preparation of bovine adrenal glomerulosa tissue leads to the production of aldosterone, as measured by radioimmunoassay. The in vitro production of aldosterone from 18-hydroxycorticosterone requires both molecular oxygen and NADPH, and is inhibited by carbon monoxide. Cytochrome P-450 inhibitors such as metyrapone, SU 8000. SU 10603, SKF 525A, amphenone B and spironolactone decrease the biosynthesis of aldosterone from 18-hydroxycorticosterone. These results support the conclusion that the final reaction in aldosterone synthesis from 18-hydroxycorticosterone is catalyzed by an oxygenase, but not by 18-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase. By the same preparation, the production of [3H]aldosterone but not [3H]18-hydroxycorticosterone from [1,2-3H ]corticosterone is decreased in a dose-dependent manner by addition of non-radioactive 18-hydroxycorticosterone.

scholarly journals Nano-Elicitation as an Effective and Emerging Strategy for In Vitro Production of Industrially Important Flavonoids

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1694
Author(s):  
Amna Komal Khan ◽  
Sidra Kousar ◽  
Duangjai Tungmunnithum ◽  
Christophe Hano ◽  
Bilal Haider Abbasi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
World Market ◽  
Culture Technique ◽  
In Vitro Cultures ◽  
Defense System ◽  
In Vitro Production ◽  
Metallic Oxide ◽  
Global Demand ◽  
Over Exploitation ◽  
Vitro Production

Flavonoids represent a popular class of industrially important bioactive compounds. They possess valuable health-benefiting and disease preventing properties, and therefore they are an important component of the pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, cosmetical and medicinal industries. Moreover, flavonoids possess significant antiallergic, antihepatotoxic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antitumor, antiviral, and antibacterial as well as cardio-protective activities. Due to these properties, there is a rise in global demand for flavonoids, forming a significant part of the world market. However, obtaining flavonoids directly from plants has some limitations, such as low quantity, poor extraction, over-exploitation, time consuming process and loss of flora. Henceforth, there is a shift towards the in vitro production of flavonoids using the plant tissue culture technique to achieve better yields in less time. In order to achieve the productivity of flavonoids at an industrially competitive level, elicitation is a useful tool. The elicitation of in vitro cultures induces stressful conditions to plants, activates the plant defense system and enhances the accumulation of secondary metabolites in higher quantities. In this regard, nanoparticles (NPs) have emerged as novel and effective elicitors for enhancing the in vitro production of industrially important flavonoids. Different classes of NPs, including metallic NPs (silver and copper), metallic oxide NPs (copper oxide, iron oxide, zinc oxide, silicon dioxide) and carbon nanotubes, are widely reported as nano-elicitors of flavonoids discussed herein. Lastly, the mechanisms of NPs as well as knowledge gaps in the area of the nano-elicitation of flavonoids have been highlighted in this review.

scholarly journals In Vitro Production of Embryos from Prepubertal Holstein Cattle and Mediterranean Water Buffalo: Problems, Progress and Potential

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 2275
Author(s):  
Luke Currin ◽  
Hernan Baldassarre ◽  
Vilceu Bordignon
Keyword(s):  
Water Buffalo ◽  
Holstein Cattle ◽  
In Vitro Production ◽  
Blastocyst Development ◽  
Follicular Aspiration ◽  
Current State ◽  
Widespread Implementation ◽  
Vitro Production ◽  
Mediterranean Water

Laparoscopic ovum pick-up (LOPU) coupled with in vitro embryo production (IVEP) in prepubertal cattle and buffalo accelerates genetic gain. This article reviews LOPU-IVEP technology in prepubertal Holstein Cattle and Mediterranean Water Buffalo. The recent expansion of genomic-assisted selection has renewed interest and demand for prepubertal LOPU-IVEP schemes; however, low blastocyst development rates has constrained its widespread implementation. Here, we present an overview of the current state of the technology, limitations that persist and suggest possible solutions to improve its efficiency, with a focus on gonadotropin stimulations strategies to prime oocytes prior to follicular aspiration, and IVEP procedures promoting growth factor metabolism and limiting oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum stress.

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