scholarly journals Effects of anesthesia with the essential oil of Ocimum gratissimum L. in parameters of fish stress

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.L. SILVA ◽  
Q.I. GARLET ◽  
G. KOAKOSKI ◽  
T.A. OLIVEIRA ◽  
L.J.G. BARCELLOS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Blood Collection ◽  
Air Exposure ◽  
Ocimum Gratissimum ◽  
Silver Catfish ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Na Efflux ◽  
Unanesthetized Animals

RESUMO:The effects of anesthesia with the essential oil of Ocimum gratissimum (EOO) in parameters of stress after handling were investigated in silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen). EOO was obtained from the aerial parts by hydrodistillation. Juveniles were anesthetized with 70 or 300 mg L-1 EOO and submitted to air exposure for 1 minute. The fishes were sampled immediately or transferred to anesthetic-free aquaria until sampling. In the first experiment, juveniles had their blood collected at 0, 1, 4, and 8 h after handling to assay plasma cortisol and blood glucose levels. The unanesthetized animals were restrained manually for blood collection. In the second experiment, water samples of the recovery aquaria were collected to evaluate net ion fluxes at 0 - 4 h and 4 - 8 h. Water and ethanol controls were also performed under the same conditions. The results showed that the cortisol levels did not differ among the treatments. Hyperglycemia was verified in fish exposed to 70 and 300 mg L-1 EOO at 1 h and 4 h after handling. After 8 h, cortisol and glucose concentrations were lower or similar than those from immediately after handling for all treatments. EOO anesthesia prevented Na+ efflux observed in the control groups in both flux periods. There were net Cl- and K+ effluxes at 0 - 4 h and influxes at 4 - 8 h after handling in most treatments, and these fluxes did not differ among the treatments. The results suggest that EOO did not impair stress recovery and did not act as an additional handling stressor in silver catfish.

scholarly journals Anesthetic activity of the essential oil of Ocimum americanum in Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824) and its effects on stress parameters

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 715-722 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lenise de Lima Silva ◽  
Quelen Iane Garlet ◽  
Gessi Koakoski ◽  
Murilo Sander de Abreu ◽  
Carlos Augusto Mallmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Anesthetic Activity ◽  
Air Exposure ◽  
Silver Catfish ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Basal Group ◽  
Rhamdia Quelen ◽  
Ocimum Americanum ◽  
Stress Parameters

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate the anesthetic activity of the essential oil (EO) of Ocimum americanum L. in silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen ). In the first experiment, the depressor effects and chemical composition of the leaf EO (LEO) and inflorescence EO (IEO) were compared. Juveniles (n = 10) were placed in aquaria containing different concentrations of EO (25 - 500 mg L-1) to determine the point at which anesthesia was induced and the length of the recovery period. In the following experiment, the effects of 300 and 500 mg L-1 LEO exposure on stress parameters (plasma cortisol, glucose and sodium levels) after air exposure for 1 min were assayed. Fish (n = 10 per sampling time) were sampled immediately or transferred to anesthetic-free aquaria until sampling (15, 30, 60 or 240 min). LEO was composed mainly of β-linalool and 1,8-cineole in similar proportions, whereas IEO showed β-linalool as major compound. Anesthesia was obtained in silver catfish with 200-500 mg L-1 between 4-8 min for LEO and 6-16 min for IEO. Lower EO concentrations did not reach anesthetic stage up to 30 min. LEO used as anesthetic prevented the cortisol increase and sodium loss induced by aerial exposure. Glucose levels were raised in catfish exposed to LEO compared to basal group (not air exposed) in almost all observation times. EO of O. americanum obtained from leaves was considered suitable to anesthetic procedures due to its fast induction and handling-induced stress prevention.

scholarly journals Hypoglycemic potential of Trixis angustifolia aqueous extract in alloxan-induced diabetic mice

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anuar Salazar-Gómez ◽  
María Elena Vargas-Díaz ◽  
Leticia Garduño-Siciliano
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Diabetic Mice ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Hypoglycemic Agent ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the hypoglycemic potential of Trixis angustifolia in alloxan-induced diabetic mice. An intragastric adminis-tration of the aqueous extract (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg) prepared from the aerial parts of T. angustifolia was evaluated. The treatment with the extract at 100 mg/kg produced a significant lowered (30.5%) of the blood glucose levels in diabetic mice after 15 days of daily oral administration. In addition, the extract induced a significant decrease in serum total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein whereas increased the high-density lipoprotein level. Additionally, the presence of alkaloids, cumarins, saponins, flavonoids and reducing sugars were identified in the extract. These findings provide a basis explain-ing the traditional folk medicine use of this plant as a hypoglycemic agent by the Mexican people.

Essential oil of Ocimum gratissimum L.: Anesthetic effects, mechanism of action and tolerance in silver catfish, Rhamdia quelen

Aquaculture ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 350-353 ◽  
pp. 91-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lenise de Lima Silva ◽  
Thaylise Vey Parodi ◽  
Patrícia Reckziegel ◽  
Viviane de Oliveira Garcia ◽  
Marilise Escobar Bürger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Ocimum Gratissimum ◽  
Silver Catfish ◽  
Rhamdia Quelen

scholarly journals Antifungal Activity of the Essential Oils from Ocimum gratissimum L. Grown in Togo

2008 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 164-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koffi Koba ◽  
P W Poutouli ◽  
Christine Raynaud ◽  
Komla Sanda
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Filamentous Fungi ◽  
Essential Oil Composition ◽  
Oil Composition ◽  
Minimum Fungicidal Concentration ◽  
Ocimum Gratissimum ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
In Vitro Antifungal Activity

The aerial parts of Ocimum gratissimum L. (Lamiaceae) harvested in Togo was steam-distilled and investigated for essential oil composition (GC and GC/MS) and in vitro antifungal activities. Thymol (31.79 %), p-cymene (15.57 %) and γ-terpinene (12.34 %) and were the major components of the oil. Other notable components identified in this oil were myrcene (6.94 %) and α-thujene (6.11 %).The in vitro antifungal activity was recorded with the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) ranging from 80 to 150 µl.l-1, 150 to 500 µl.l-1  and from 100 to 150 µl.l-1 respectively on dermatophytes, imperfect filamentous fungi and pathogenic yeasts. Likewise, on tested fungi the minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) varied from 300 µl.l-1 to 500 µl.l-1, 500 to 700 µl.l-1 and from 250 to 300 µl.l-1, respectively on dermatophytes, imperfect filamentous fungi and pathogenic yeasts. Keywords: O.gratissimum,  Antifungal, Essential oil; Thymol. © 2009 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved. DOI: 10.3329/jsr.v1i1.1131 

scholarly journals Anesthetic induction and recovery of Hippocampus reidi exposed to the essential oil of Lippia alba

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 683-688 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauro Alves da Cunha ◽  
Bruno Ferreira da Silva ◽  
Frederico Augusto Cariello Delunardo ◽  
Simone Cristina Benovit ◽  
Levy de Carvalho Gomes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Recovery Time ◽  
Additional Experiment ◽  
Anesthetic Induction ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Lippia Alba ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Plastic Bags ◽  
The Times ◽  
Time Required

The aim of this study was to identify the times of anesthetic induction and recovery in slender seahorses (Hippocampus reidi) that were exposed to the essential oil of Lippia alba (EO), as well as the efficacy of EO as a stress-reducing agent in the transport of this species. Slender seahorses were placed in 1-L aquaria containing different concentrations of EO (0, 10, 20, 50, 150, 300 and 450 µL L-1), and after induction, fish were transferred to aquaria that were free of anesthetic to evaluate their recovery time. In an additional experiment, slender seahorses were transported in plastic bags with 15 µL L-1 of EO for 4 or 24 h. The increased concentration of EO proportionally decreased the time required for the induction of anesthesia. EO treatment (15 µL L-1) inhibited the increase in blood glucose levels that was provoked by transportation for 4 or 24 h. Transportation for 24 h also decreased the number of lymphocytes and increased the neutrophil count, and these effects were avoided with the addition of EO to the water. These results demonstrate that EO was effective as an anesthetic at concentrations of 10-20 µL L-1 for slight sedation and transport and at 150 µL L-1 for deep anesthesia in the slender seahorse.

scholarly journals Ocimum gratissimum essential oil improved the health, innate immunity and resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila infection in Pseudoplatystoma reticulatum

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (6supl2) ◽  
pp. 3855-3868
Author(s):  
Leonardo Augusto da Silva ◽  
◽  
Fabiana Pilarski ◽  
Francisco Celio Maia Chaves ◽  
Edsandra Campos Chagas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Aeromonas Hydrophila ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Volume ◽  
Volume Concentration ◽  
Respiratory Activity ◽  
Juvenile Fish ◽  
Blood Collection ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Ocimum Gratissimum ◽  
Mortality Response

The essential oil of alfavaca (Ocimum gratissimum) contains important compounds, such as 1.8-cineol and eugenol. This study evaluated the effects of diets containing alfavaca essential oil on the zootechnical performance, plasma glucose, leukocyte respiratory activity, haematology, and intestinal histomorphometry in “cachara” (Pseudoplatystoma reticulatum) challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila. A total of 300 juvenile fish, with an average total length of 14.98 ± 0.28 cm and average weight of 18.84 ± 1.22 g, distributed in 20 tanks of 80 L, were fed twice a day with a diet containing essential oil at 0.5, 1.0, or 1.5% or without its inclusion in five replicates. After 45 days, blood collection and mid-intestinal bowel were sampled, before a challenge with Aeromonas hydrophila was performed. The fish supplemented with 1.0% of essential oil presented better weight gain, mean corpuscular volume, concentration of thrombotic and neutrophils, respiratory activity of leukocytes, and height of villi (p < 0.05) when compared to other groups. The cumulative mortality response was lower for fish fed 1.5% essential oil of alfavaca diets. Thus, the use of alfavaca essential oil is recommended in the diet of cachara catfish (P. reticulatum) at the level of up to 1.0% for 45 days for improvements in the zootechnical, haematological, and intestinal histomorphometric parameters.

scholarly journals Physiological responses of matrinxã (Brycon amazonicus) fed different levels of vitamin C and submitted to air exposure

2006 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 519-524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janessa Sampaio de Abreu ◽  
Elisabeth Criscuolo Urbinati
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Hepatosomatic Index ◽  
Hepatic Glycogen ◽  
Air Exposure ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Fish Blood ◽  
Red Cell Count

The role of vitamin C on physiological responses of matrinxã (Brycon amazonicus) submitted to air exposure was analyzed. Nine hundred fish (70.15 g) were distributed in fifteen 500 l boxes (60 fish.box-1) and fed five rations (treatments): Control (no vitamin C); T100 (100 mg); T200 (200 mg); T400 (400 mg) and T800 (800 mg of vitamin C kg.ration-1). Each ration was offered to fish of three boxes during 60 days before the stress challenge that consisted of exposing fish to air for two minutes. Samplings were carried out for 5, 15, 30 and 60 minutes after the air exposure. Blood was collected for glucose, cortisol, total protein, sodium, chloride, hematocrit, hemoglobin determination, and white and red cell count. Liver was removed for hepatosomatic index (HSI) calculation and glycogen determination. Vitamin C did not affect the levels of cortisol, chloride, total protein, hemoglobin, leukocytes, hepatic glycogen or HSI in air exposed fish. Blood glucose levels elevation observed 60 minutes after the challenge did not depend on the levels of vitamin C, nor did the drop in serum sodium levels verified 60 minutes after stressor. In general, hematocrit did not change by effect of vitamin C but it was lower at 15 and 30 minutes after the challenge. The number of erythrocytes decreased in fish after 5 minute sampling in all treatments, especially at 30 and 60 minutes. The air exposure evoked alterations in stress indicators of matrinxã, and the vitamin C did not alter the responses.

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