scholarly journals USE OF SEED+® AND CROP+® BIOESTIMULANTS ON THE QUALITY OF TOMATO FRUITS UNDER WATER STRESS

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 266-273
Author(s):  
MARIANE PERIPOLLI ◽  
ANTONIO CARLOS FERREIRA DA SILVA ◽  
SYLVIO HENRIQUE BIDEL DORNELLES ◽  
DANIE MARTINI SANCHOTENE ◽  
VINICIUS SEVERO TRIVISIOL
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Water Retention Capacity ◽  
Soil Water Retention ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Tomato Fruits ◽  
Randomized Experimental Design

ABSTRACT Accelerated biotic and abiotic stresses have diminished the quality and yield of agricultural products. Thus, the use of biostimulants comes with the proposal of reducing the stresses experienced by plants and, consequently, reducing agricultural losses. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of Seed+® and Crop+® biostimulants on tomato fruits, cultivar Santa Cruz Kada, under water stress. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse. A completely randomized experimental design was used, in a 2 x 2 x 6 three-factor scheme, with the following factors: application time (flowering and fruiting), soil water conditions (50% and 100% of soil water retention capacity) and biostimulants (without treatment; Seed+®; Seed+® + Crop+® 1x the commercial dose; Seed+® + Crop+® 2x the commercial dose; Crop+® 1x the commercial dose; Crop+® 2x the commercial dose). Under water deficit conditions, the fruits of plants treated with Seed+® and Crop+® biostimulants had higher values of pH, total soluble solids and titratable acidity compared to plants that did not receive biostimulants. Seed+® and Crop+® biostimulants maintain the quality of tomato fruits until 18 days after harvest.

scholarly journals Forest Fire Regime in a Mediterranean Ecosystem: Unraveling the Mutual Interrelations between Rainfall Seasonality, Soil Moisture, Drought Persistence, and Biomass Dynamics

Fire ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Nunzio Romano ◽  
Nadia Ursino
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
Fire Regime ◽  
Fire Regimes ◽  
Mediterranean Ecosystem ◽  
Water Retention Capacity ◽  
Soil Water Retention ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Rainfall Frequency

Frequent and severe droughts typically intensify wildfires provided that there is enough fuel in situ. The extent to which climate change may influence the fire regime and long time-scale hydrological processes may soften the effect of inter-annual climate change and, more specifically, whether soil-water retention capacity can alleviate the harsh conditions resulting from droughts and affect fire regimes, are still largely unexplored matters. The research presented in this paper is a development of a previous investigation and shows in what way, and to what extent, rainfall frequency, dry season length, and hydraulic response of different soil types drive forest fires toward different regimes while taking into consideration the typical seasonality of the Mediterranean climate. The soil-water holding capacity, which facilitates biomass growth in between fire events and hence favors fuel production, may worsen the fire regime as long dry summers become more frequent, such that the ecosystem’s resilience to climate shifts may eventually be undermined.

scholarly journals Effect of foliar application of Trichoderma on the quality of tomato fruits grown in different hydroponic substrates

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 355-364
Author(s):  
Rogelio Enrique Palacios-Torres ◽  
Aldo Guadalupe Bustamante-Ortiz ◽  
Luis Alberto Prieto-Baeza ◽  
Hipólito Hernández-Hernández ◽  
Ana Rosa Ramírez-Seañez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Management Option ◽  
Tomato Fruits ◽  
Biological Preparation ◽  
Positive Effect

AbstractThe quality of tomato fruits is influenced by preharvest factors. Trichoderma are considered biostimulants with potential to improve growth and development in plants, as well as the quality of the fruits. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of foliar application of Trichoderma on the quality of tomato fruits at different cluster levels on the same plant in two commercial hybrids using three different substrates in a greenhouse. Six foliar applications of a liquid biological preparation of Trichoderma were performed at a dose of 4 mL L−1 every 15 days after transplanting. The results show that the foliar application of Trichoderma increased the ratio of soluble solids to titratable acidity of the fruits at different cluster levels, which was mainly due to the decrease in acidity rather than the increase in soluble solids. The decrease in titratable acidity is in accordance with the increase in the pH of the fruits. Trichoderma have a positive effect on titratable acidity, pH and electrical conductivity of fruits. In the Cid hybrid grown in the tezontle substrate, the application of Trichoderma increased the ratio of total soluble solids to titratable acidity. At the same time, sand increased the percentage of juice in the fruits. Foliar application of Trichoderma increases the quality of tomato fruits, and as such, should be considered as a crop management option.

scholarly journals Use of organic fertilization with irrigation in coffee production in brazilian cerrado

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
André Luís Teixeira Fernandes ◽  
Eusímio Felisbino Fraga Júnior ◽  
Márcio José de Santana ◽  
Reginaldo De Oliveira Silva ◽  
Marcelo Moreira Dias
Keyword(s):  
Water Retention ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Water Retention Capacity ◽  
Brazilian Cerrado ◽  
Soil Water Retention ◽  
Organic Fertilization ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Productive Development

Coffee irrigation has increased in the main Brazilian coffee regions. However, in recent years, with climate change, years with water deficits greater than 150 mm have been observed, affecting the vegetative and productive development of the crop and also the replenishment of surface and underground springs. One practice that increases soil water retention capacity is organic fertilization. This work evaluated different combinations of irrigation and organic fertilization on the yield and quality of coffee produced in the Minas Gerais cerrado region. The treatments were: T1: total irrigation; T2: no irrigation; T3: total irrigation + organic fertilization (chicken manure, 10 ton ha-1); T4: no irrigation + organic fertilization (chicken manure, 10 ton ha-1); T5: 50% irrigation + organic fertilization (chicken manure, 10 ton ha-1). After 7 harvests, it was concluded that the treatment that combined organic fertilization with application of half of the necessary irrigation presented the best yield, superior to the treatment with total irrigation and exclusively mineral nutrition.

Options for increased soil carbon storage and water holding capacity through sustainable agriculture and forestry: modelling results from showcase regions in Austria

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dagmar Nadja Henner ◽  
Gottfried Kirchengast ◽  
Melannie D. Hartman ◽  
Clara Hohmann
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Carbon Storage ◽  
Bioenergy Crops ◽  
Water Retention Capacity ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Soil Water Retention ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Water Holding

<p>Sustainable agriculture and forestry are essential topics under climate change and a potential route for increasing long-term soil and biomass carbon storage, soil water retention capacity, and reducing water and wind erosion risks. This study uses two, geographically and climatologically diverse, showcase regions in Southeastern Austria (the Raab and lower Enns catchment regions) for exploring sustainable whole-system options for climate change adaptation and mitigation under increased hot-dry conditions in agriculture and forestry. We consider options as “sustainable whole-system” that jointly achieve accumulation of soil carbon and robustness of soil water retention capacity, an increase of soil quality, reduction of soil erosion and degradation, reduced compaction, stabilisation of slopes, sustainability and resilience in the soil as well as the agricultural and forest production systems. These options are evaluated using site-level data in the regions together with a carefully combined set of hydrologic, biomass, biogeochemical and ecosystem models. This model setup includes the hydrological model WaSiM, the biogeochemical and ecosystem model DayCent, and the biomass models MiscanFor, SalixFor, and PopFor. Based on dense data of the WegenerNet observing network and further hydrometeorological data, combined with hydrological modelling (WaSiM), the current hydrological disturbance potential in the focus regions is assessed. Furthermore, downscaled IPCC climate change scenarios are used for future projections and combined with WaSiM results. These data are evaluated for increasing heat and drought risks for soils and agricultural and forest production. This work provides the hydrological context for modelling the soil water and carbon storage enhancement options that farming, forestry and land-use practices might apply. A first key study aspect is then the sustainable potential of bioenergy crops. Using the local-scale WegenerNet data combined with site-specific land management data obtained from farmer and forest manager communities and where necessary with soil data from the Harmonized World Soil Database (HWSD), potential yields for bioenergy from lignocellulosic biomass (forest and Miscanthus, willow, and poplar) are modelled using DayCent, MiscanFor, Salix For, and PopFor for representative local areas in the showcase regions. For the second key aspect of this research, DayCent is used at selected data-rich locations, to develop sustainable system options under future climate change scenarios with a focus on different agricultural, forest management, and land-use practices. For comparison, a set of sample agricultural rotations is modelled with DayCent to place the suggested sustainable whole-system options potential of bioenergy crops in context. Furthermore, various agrarian rotation runs are used to determine the potential of changes in the rotation to increase soil carbon storage and enhance water holding capacity in agricultural soils under climate change. Forest management practice runs are used to investigate the possible changes needed for stable forest soils under increasing heat and drought conditions. Sustainable whole-system options for farmers and forest managers are discussed as the primary results from this study part, together with the next steps towards upscaling the results to the country level.</p>

scholarly journals How and why does willow biochar increase a clay soil water retention capacity?

2018 ◽  
Vol 119 ◽  
pp. 346-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimmo Rasa ◽  
Jaakko Heikkinen ◽  
Markus Hannula ◽  
Kai Arstila ◽  
Sampo Kulju ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Clay Soil ◽  
Water Retention Capacity ◽  
Soil Water Retention ◽  
Retention Capacity

scholarly journals Desempenho fotossintético, peroxidação lipídica e aspectos morfológicos de papuã exposto a diferentes condições hídricas do solo

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. e10
Author(s):  
Leandro Lima Spatt ◽  
Sidinei José Lopes ◽  
Sylvio Henrique Bidel Dornelles ◽  
Vinicius Severo Trivisiol ◽  
Mariane Peripolli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Depth ◽  
Aerial Part ◽  
Water Retention Capacity ◽  
Photosynthetic Parameters ◽  
Soil Water Retention ◽  
Higher Plant ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Water Conditions

This paper aimed to elucidate the behavior of Urochloa plantaginea biotype with differential physiological characteristics, which allows a better growth and development in a flooded environment. A completely randomized experimental design was used 2x3, being the factors: populations of Urochloa plantaginea (lowlands and highlands) and soil water conditions (50% and 100% of soil water retention capacity (CRA); water depth 5 cm). Responses related to photosynthetic parameters and lipid peroxidation were verified 24h and 192h after the onset of water conditions. Morphology-relatedvariables were measured at the end of the plant cycle. The lowland biotype compared to the highland biotype showed superior morphophysiological characteristics under soil flooding. It can be emphasized, higher water use efficiency (about 30%), higher plant height, lower aerial part lipid peroxidation and higher aerial part dry matter increment. In addition, the lowland biotype was shown not to vary photosynthetic parameters A, Gs, Ci, E, USA and A / Ci when exposed to the water depth 5 cm, compared with the 100%CRA condition. Both populations survived and ended their cycle producing seeds. Thus, apossible adaptive process of the population to the flooded environment is evidenced.

scholarly journals Effect of a Saline Nutritional Regime on Tomato Fruit Yield and on Enhancement of Fruit Quality

1996 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
S. A. AI-Rawahy ◽  
S.M.E. Satti ◽  
M. V. Lopez
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Total Solid ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Quality Enhancement ◽  
Tomato Fruits ◽  
Nacl Concentration

The effect of a saline nutritional regime on tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) fruit yield and fruit quality enhancement for five cultivars (CLN 425, Pearson, Napoli, Hymar, and Sierra) was studied. The saline nutrient treatment consisted of (i) a control. Hoagland's solution (EC=2.5 mScm -1), (ii) Hoagland's solution + 50 mM NaCl (EC=7.46 mScm-1), (iii) Hoagland's solution + 50 mM NaCl + 4 mM K2SO4 + 2 mM H3PO4 (EC=8.31mScm-1), (iv) same as in (iii)3 but applied when plants were at 50% flowering, then the plants were irrigated with Hoagland’s solution as in the control, and (v) same as in (iii) until the plans were at 5096 flowering, thereafter NaCl concentration was reduced to 25mM (EC=5.87 mscm-1). Plans were seven weeks old at the start of the saline treatments. Each plant was in PVC cylindrical pots (15 cm diameter and 27 cm height) containing washed quartz sand. Fruits were harvested once weekly for ten weeks at incipient red. The control gave a higher fruit  yield than the saline treatments. However, the tomato fruits from thesaline treatments had higher titratable acidity, higher total soluble solids, and higher total solid indicating better quality of the fruits than those from the control. Of the five cultivars studied, Hymar had the highest fruit yield followed by Pearson. Hymar’s quality was also highest, followed by CLN 425. Napoli was the most susceptible to salinity and Sierra had the lowest quality.

Permanent gully increases the heterogeneity of soil water retention capacity across a slope-gully system

2019 ◽  
Vol 272 ◽  
pp. 206-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miao Gan ◽  
Yuhua Jia ◽  
Ming’an Shao ◽  
Chengjiu Guo ◽  
Tongchuan Li
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Water Retention Capacity ◽  
Soil Water Retention ◽  
Retention Capacity
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