scholarly journals HARVEST TIMES WITH CHEMICAL DESICCATION AND THE EFFECTS ON THE ENZYMATIC EXPRESSION AND PHYSIOLOGICAL QUALITY OF SOYBEAN SEEDS

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 361-370
Author(s):  
ALAN MARIO ZUFFO ◽  
JORGE GONZÁLEZ AGUILERA ◽  
EVERSON REIS CARVALHO ◽  
PAULO EDUARDO TEODORO
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Alcohol Dehydrogenase ◽  
Malate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Isocitrate Lyase ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Phenological Stage ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Physiological Tests ◽  
Enzymatic Expression

ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the effect of chemical desiccants and harvest times on the enzymatic expression and physiological quality of soybean seeds. The experiment was carried out in a randomized block design with four replications, in a factorial scheme (4 × 3 + 1) with four desiccants (paraquat - 2 L ha-1, ammonium glufosinate - 2 L ha-1, diquat - 1.5 L ha-1, and saflufenacil - 40 g ha-1). These were applied at the phenological stage R7.1 (beginning of leaf yellowing) and at three harvest times (0, 14, and 28 days after the phenological stage R8). There was also a control treatment (no desiccant, harvested at R8). The physiological quality of soybean seeds and the enzymatic expressions of malate dehydrogenase, alcohol dehydrogenase, esterase, isocitrate lyase, and superoxide dismutase were evaluated in laboratory tests. Seeds harvested at the R8 + 14 stage led to the highest losses in seed quality. However, the 50 mm rainfall also affected seed deterioration. The desiccants diquat and paraquat provided the lowest and the highest damage to the seed physiological quality, respectively. The expression of the enzymes alcohol dehydrogenase, esterase, and isocitrate lyase were efficient and had an adequate correlation with the physiological quality. Malate dehydrogenase and superoxide dismutase had no satisfactory relation with the physiological tests performed with soybean seeds.

scholarly journals Biochemical changes and physiological quality of corn seeds subjected to different chemical treatments and storage times

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thiago Lucas de Oliveira ◽  
Renzo Garcia Von Pinho ◽  
Heloisa Oliveira dos Santos ◽  
Karen Marcelle de Jesus Silva ◽  
Elise de Matos Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Alcohol Dehydrogenase ◽  
Cold Test ◽  
Chemical Treatments ◽  
Treatment Standard ◽  
Quality Markers ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Storage Times ◽  
And Storage

Abstract: The chemical treatment of corn seeds is widely adopted for protecting crops at the early stages. However, some molecules interfere in the quality of seeds, especially when stored, by accelerating their deterioration. The objective of this work was to investigate the influence of insecticides on the enzymatic expression and quality of corn seeds subjected to storage. Seeds of the hybrids 2B647PW and SHS4070 were subjected to four different chemical treatments (standard treatment, standard + clothianidin, standard + thiamethoxam, and standard + fipronil) and stored for different periods (0, 3, 6, and 9 months). The quality evaluation included the germination test, first germination count, cold test, and health test. The expression of the enzymes α-amylase, esterase, superoxide dismutase, catalase, and alcohol dehydrogenase were determined by the gel electrophoresis technique. The insecticides clothianidin, thiamethoxam, and fipronil reduce the physiological quality of the seeds of hybrid 2B647PW after nine months of storage. The treatment of seeds with the insecticides clothianidin, thiamethoxam, and fipronil reduces the expression of α-amylase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase enzymes after nine months of storage. The enzymes α-amylase, superoxide dismutase, catalase, and alcohol dehydrogenase are good quality markers for hybrid corn seeds.

scholarly journals Physiological Quality of Rice and Soybean Seeds Produced Under Hydric Stress in Greenhouse

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Ruddy A. V. Escalera ◽  
João R. Pimentel ◽  
Cristian Troyjack ◽  
Ivan R. Carvalho ◽  
Vinícius J. Szareski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Phenological Stage ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Hydric Stress ◽  
Growing Environment ◽  
Rice Seeds

The hydric resources are primordial for plants growth and development, under conditions where the growing environment express hydric shortage. These conditions can directly or indirectly affect development, the formation of new organs, yield and quality seeds. The study aimed to evaluate the physiological quality of rice and soybean seeds, produced under hydric restriction. Experiment 1: for rice, the scheme was completely randomized with four repetitions, the treats of hydric restrictions were applied in the periods of 0, 24, 48, 72 hours at the phenological stage of filling seeds. Experiment 2: for soybean, the scheme was completely randomized, conducted in factorial scheme, four replicates with four hydric restriction periods of 0, 24, 48 and 72 hours, at the phenological stage of filling seeds. It was verified that as the hydric restriction hours increase, at the rice seeds filling, the physiologic quality is affected, the higher effect occurred at 72 hours of restriction. While at the soybean seeds production it was not verified such effects, only the thousand seeds mass was negatively affected. The physiological quality of rice seeds were more affected, when compared to soybean seeds submitted to the same treats of hydric stress.

scholarly journals Gene Expressions Analysis of Seed Physiological Quality in Soybean Cultivars

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 408
Author(s):  
Alexana Baldoni ◽  
Edila Vilella de Resende Von Pinho ◽  
Heloisa Oliveira dos Santos ◽  
Thais Lima Marques ◽  
Rucyan Walace Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Dehydrogenase ◽  
Malate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Isocitrate Lyase ◽  
Soybean Seed ◽  
Gene Transcript ◽  
Gene Expressions ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Soybean Cultivars ◽  
Seed Harvest ◽  
Physiological Quality

Soybean seed production with high physiological quality is important for ensuring populations of recommended plants for each cultivar. It is also known that there is genetic variability for this characteristic among the soybean cultivars. The objective was to study the genes expressionof protein and gene transcript involved in the physiological quality of soybean seeds. The seeds of CD 206 and CD 201 cultivars were classified as high quality while Savana and Emgopa 316 cultivars were classified as low quality by germination and vigor tests. Physiological, enzymatic and transcripts analysis were held in seeds of each cultivar during two harvest seasons, R8 and R8 + 15 days; at protein level the alcohol dehydrogenase isoenzyme systems (ADH), phosphoglucoisomerase (PGI), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), malate dehydrogenase (MDH) and isocitrate lyase (ICL). The PCR technique in real time (qRT-PCR) was used for transcritome studies for quantitative gene expression analysis. The method used was the comparative Ct considering the relative expression levels in relation to cultivar of high quality CD 201. It is concluded that there is higher enzymes expression involved in respiration, alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), malate dehydrogenase (MDH) and phosphoglucoisomerase (PGI), in seeds with high physiological quality, especially when harvesting is delayed. The proteomic and transcriptomic profiles related to the genes involved in free radicals removing systems in soybeans varies among cultivars and the season of seed harvest.

scholarly journals Gene Expression Related to Physiological Quality of Soybean Seeds

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 370
Author(s):  
Kiliany A. A. Moreno ◽  
Raquel M. O. Pires ◽  
Maria L. R. Castro ◽  
Renato C. C. Vasconcellos ◽  
Heloisa O. Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Isocitrate Lyase ◽  
Phosphoglucose Isomerase ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Plant Populations ◽  
Qrt Pcr ◽  
Study Gene Expression ◽  
Soybean Genotypes ◽  
Physiological Quality

Production of soybeans with high physiological quality is important to ensure the productivity of improved plant populations. The objective of this work was to select soybean genotypes for high physiological quality of seeds, through germination and vigor tests, and to study gene expression by transcripts and proteins. In a first trial, seeds of 12 soybean cultivars were evaluated and selected six cultivars with contrasting physiological quality levels. At the protein level, the isoenzyme systems alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), malate dehydrogenase (MDH), phosphoglucose isomerase (PGI), sorbitol dehydrogenase (SDH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), isocitrate lyase (ICL), esterase (EST), glutamate oxaloacetate transferase (GOT), and heat-resistant proteins were evaluated. For the transcript levels, the real-time PCR technique (qRT-PCR) was used, and the genes coding for the SOD, CAT, MDH, PGI, ICL and PRX enzymes were studied. The germination and vigor tests classified the seeds of cultivars CD201, CA115 and MS8400 as high quality, while the cultivars Syn1263, Syn1279 and CD202 were classified as of low quality. The enzymes involved in the process such as dehydrogenase and phosphoglucose isomerase, are promising markers for assessing the physiological quality of soybean seeds. Higher expression of peroxiredoxin enzyme is related to the low physiological quality of soybean seeds.

scholarly journals Vigor tests for evaluation of crambe (Crambe abyssinica Hochst) seed quality

2013 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 485-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Michelly Cruz ◽  
Marcela Carlota Nery ◽  
Adriana de Souza Rocha ◽  
Édila Vilela de Resende Von Pinho ◽  
Paulo César de Resende Andrade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Alcohol Dehydrogenase ◽  
Malate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Isocitrate Lyase ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Crambe Abyssinica ◽  
Accelerated Aging Test ◽  
Aging Test ◽  
Dehydrogenase Enzyme

The aim of this study was adapting the methodology of the accelerated aging test (AA) and electrical conductivity test (EC) to evaluate seed quality of crambe, as well as verifying enzymatic activity in relation to vigor differences. Crambe seed lots, cv. FMS Brilhante, were evaluated by the AA test, for periods of 0, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h, at 42 °C, with and without NaCl saturated solution; and the EC test, by soaking seeds into deionized water (mL) in the ratios of 25/25, 25/50, 50/50 and 50/75 (seed/water) for 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16 and 18 h. The electrophoretic profile for isozymes esterase, superoxide dismutase, catalase, isocitrate lyase, alcohol dehydrogenase and malate dehydrogenase was evaluated on polyacrylamide gel (7.5%). The AA test conducted at 42 °C, for 96 h, was efficient to detect differences on seed quality levels; however, the EC test was not suitable to evaluate vigor of those seeds. The bands stained for isozymes esterase, superoxide dismutase and catalase were evident for the more vigorous seeds; and the bands for isozymes isocitrate lyase and alcohol dehydrogenase were less evident for the less vigorous seeds. For enzyme malate dehydrogenase enzyme intensity of bands was similar.

scholarly journals Lignin and Activity Enzymatic in Susceptibility to Weathering Damage on Soybean Seeds

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 203
Author(s):  
Elisa de Melo Castro ◽  
João Almir Oliveira ◽  
Heloísa Oliveira dos Santos ◽  
Édila Vilela de Resende Von Pinho ◽  
Amador Eduardo de Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Dehydrogenase ◽  
Malate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Electrophoretic Pattern ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Rainfall Simulation ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Harvest Delay

The aim of this study was to evaluate the isoenzyme activity in soybean seeds with different lignin contents subjected to harvest delay with artificial incidence of rainfall before and after storage. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design with three replicates and a 5 × 3 × 2 factorial design, being five soybean cultivars, three harvest seasons (R8, R8 + one pre-harvest rainfall simulation, and R8 + two pre-harvest rainfall simulations), and two storage seasons (0 and 180 days). The pre-harvest rainfall simulations were performed through irrigation at the intensity of 30 mm of water until the pods were soaked and then collected after reached 18% water content. Seeds were evaluated regarding chemical composition (lignin content), physiological quality (germination, accelerated aging), and enzymatic activity (catalase, esterase, alcohol dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase, and isocitratelyase). The cultivar AS 7307 RR showed higher lignin content in the integument and higher physiological quality. The harvest delay and the artificial incidence of rainfallpromotesvariation in the electrophoretic pattern of the enzymes catalase, esterase, alcohol dehydrogenase; malate dehydrogenase, and isocitratelyase for stored and non-stored seeds.

scholarly journals DOES CHEMICAL DESICCATION AND HARVEST TIME AFFECT THE PHYSIOLOGICAL AND SANITARY QUALITY OF SOYBEAN SEEDS?

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 934-942 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALAN MARIO ZUFFO ◽  
MARIELY DE ABREU DOS SANTOS ◽  
IZABELA CRISTINA DE OLIVEIRA ◽  
CHARLINE ZARATIN ALVES ◽  
JORGE GONZÁLEZ AGUILERA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Quality ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Mechanical Damage ◽  
Additional Treatment ◽  
Maturity Stage ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Phenological Stage ◽  
Ammonium Glufosinate ◽  
Physiological Quality

ABSTRACT The use of desiccants may result in seeds with high physiological and sanitary quality due to the shorter period of exposure to field adverse conditions before the maturity stage for harvest. This study evaluated the effect of chemical desiccants and harvest times on the physiological and sanitary quality of soybean seeds. The experiment consisted of a randomized block design, arranged in a factorial scheme (4 × 3) + 1, with four replications. The first factor corresponded to four desiccation (grammoxone-2 L ha-1, glufosinate-2 L ha-1, reglone-1.5 L ha-1, and saflufenacil-40 g ha-1) applied at the R7.1 phenological stage (physiological maturity and 65% moisture with three harvest times (0, 7, and 14 days after the R8 phenological stage) and additional treatment (control, application of water only, and harvest at the R8 stage), with four replications. The use of the grammoxone desiccant and seeds harvested at seven days after the R8 stage resulted in soybean seeds of the highest physiological quality, as observed for the variables germination, moisture damage, mechanical damage, and incidences of Colletotrichum sp., Phomopsis sp., Penicillium sp. Fusarium sp., Cercospora kikuchii, and Alternaria sp. Seeds harvested at the R8 + 14 stage had the greatest losses in seed quality. The use of ammonium glufosinate and saflufenacil as desiccants is not recommended due to the reduction in the physiological quality of soybean seeds.

Physiological quality of soybean seeds coming from cultivation with application of biostimulant

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (02) ◽  
pp. 162-168
Author(s):  
Amanda Ribeiro Peres ◽  
◽  
Claudinei Kappes ◽  
José Roberto Portugal ◽  
Marco Eustáquio de Sá ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Physiological Quality

Effect of intermittent drying on the energy consumption and physiological quality of soybean seeds

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila Andressa Bissaro ◽  
Rafael Oliveira Defendi ◽  
Lucas Caiubi Pereira ◽  
Alessandro Lucca Braccini ◽  
Diogo Francisco Rossoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Physiological Quality

scholarly journals Effects of Macronutrients in the Physiological Quality of Soybean Seeds

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 312
Author(s):  
Geliandro Anhaia Rigo ◽  
Luis Osmar Braga Schuch ◽  
Willian Silva Barros ◽  
Rodrigo Lamaison de Vargas ◽  
Vinícius Jardel Szareski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Graduate Program ◽  
Plant Tissues ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Genetic Characteristics ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

The aim of this work was to correlate macronutrient content of soybean seeds to physiological quality of different cultivars. The work was developed in the Federal University of Pelotas, in the facilities of the Seed Science and Technology Graduate Program. The experimental design was randomized blocks in arranged in four replicates. The following soybean cultivars were used: BMX Apolo RR (12 lots), BMX Ativa RR (13 lots), BMX Energia RR (26 lots), BMX Força RR (24 lots), BMX Impacto RR (35 lots), BMX Magna RR (16 lots), BMX Turbo RR (44 lots), BMX Potência RR (82 lots) and NA 5909 RR (28 lots), with seeds produced in northwest Rio Grande do Sul. The determination of nutritional contents found in plant tissues of soybean seeds, were measured: Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P), Potassium (K), Magnesium (Mg), Calcium (Ca), Sulfur (S). The macronutrient contents of the seeds vary according to genetic characteristics of the cultivars, with higher oscillations of nitrogen, phosphorus, magnesium and sulfur contents present in soybean seeds. Potassium and calcium are defined as the most stable nutrients for the cultivars and seed lots analyzed. High concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus and calcium are determinants for the physiological quality of soybean seeds.

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