scholarly journals Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and mycorrhizal stimulant affect dry matter and nutrient accumulation in bean and soybean plants1

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 367-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabrício Henrique Moreira Salgado ◽  
◽  
Fatima Maria de Sousa Moreira ◽  
Helder Barbosa Paulino ◽  
José Oswaldo Siqueira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Rhizophagus Clarus ◽  
Brazilian Savannah ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Soybean Plants ◽  
Native Fungi

ABSTRACT The adoption of biological resources in agriculture may allow less dependence and better use of finite resources. This study aimed at evaluating the effects of inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi native to the Brazilian Savannah associated with the application of mycorrhizal stimulant (7-hydroxy, 4'-methoxy-isoflavone), in the early growth of common bean and soybean. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse, in a completely randomized design, with a 7 x 2 factorial arrangement, consisting of five arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi species, joint inoculation (junction of all species in equal proportions) and native fungi (without inoculation), in the presence and absence of stimulant. The following traits were evaluated: shoot dry matter, root dry matter, mycorrhizal colonization, nodules dry matter and accumulation of calcium, zinc and phosphorus in the shoot dry matter. The increase provided by the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and the use of stimulant reached over 200 % in bean and over 80 % in soybean plants. The fungi Acaulospora scrobiculata, Dentiscutata heterogama, Gigaspora margarita and Rhizophagus clarus, for bean, and Claroideoglomus etunicatum, Dentiscutata heterogama, Rhizophagus clarus and the joint inoculation, for soybean, increased the dry matter and nutrients accumulation.

scholarly journals Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and colonization stimulant in cotton and maize

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabrício Henrique Moreira Salgado ◽  
Fátima Maria de Sousa Moreira ◽  
José Oswaldo Siqueira ◽  
Ricardo Henrique Barbosa ◽  
Helder Barbosa Paulino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Mycorrhizal Colonization ◽  
Equal Proportion ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Maize Plants ◽  
Native Fungi

ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of inoculation with different arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi native to Cerrado, associated with the application of colonization stimulant (7-hydroxy, 4’-methoxy-isoflavone) at the initial growth of cotton and maize plants in a greenhouse. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design and 7x2 factorial scheme, with five species of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and combined inoculation (uniting all species in equal proportion) and native fungi, in the presence and absence of colonization stimulant in maize and cotton crops. Shoots dry matter (SDM), roots dry matter (RDM), mycorrhizal colonization and accumulation of calcium, zinc and phosphorus in the SDM were evaluated at flowering. Inoculation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and the use of colonization stimulant at low density of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi propagules was beneficial to plant development. Inoculation with mycorrhizal fungi demonstrated different effects for the various parameters evaluated in cotton and maize, and the application of colonization stimulant promoted higher mycorrhizal colonization and initial growth in cotton, when associated with native AMF, and in corn, when associated with inoculation with Dentiscutata heterogama, Gigaspora margarita and Rhizophagus clarus.

scholarly journals Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and Urochloa brizantha: symbiosis and spore multiplication

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marisângela Viana Barbosa ◽  
Daniela de Fátima Pedroso ◽  
Flavio Araujo Pinto ◽  
Jessé Valentim dos Santos ◽  
Marco Aurélio Carbone Carneiro
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Mycorrhizal Colonization ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Germplasm Bank ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Urochloa Brizantha

ABSTRACT Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) may exhibit distinct behaviors when associated with the same species of host plant, being necessary to understand their ecology, in order to optimize their management and maintenance in germplasm bank. This study aimed to evaluate different AMF associated with Urochloa brizantha (A. Rich.) Stapf by analyzing the symbiosis establishment time, spore multiplication and production of glomalin-related soil protein. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design, in a 6 x 5 arrangement (five AMF species, non-inoculated control treatment and five evaluation times). The following aspects were analyzed: plant growth, spore multiplication, mycorrhizal colonization and glomalin production. The highest number of spores occurred for Acaulospora longula and A. colombiana, exhibiting the highest mycorrhizal colonization at 76 days. The inoculation favored the root growth of U. brizantha at 15 days of cultivation, plant height and root dry matter at 60 days and shoot dry matter at 90 days, especially for the Acaulospora species. The inoculation with A. colombiana, A. longula and Paraglomus occultum resulted in increased glomalin at 120 days. Gigaspora margarita and P. occultum did not reach the maximum colonization and spore multiplication, indicating that a period of time longer than 120 days of cultivation is necessary.

scholarly journals Enhancement of clover growth by inoculation of P-solubilizing fungi and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

2010 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 771-777 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edson L. Souchie ◽  
Rosario Azcón ◽  
Jose M. Barea ◽  
Eliane M.R. Silva ◽  
Orivaldo J. Saggin-Júnior
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Environment Chamber ◽  
And Control

This study evaluated the synergism between several P-solubilizing fungi isolates and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi to improve clover ( Trifolium pratense) growth in the presence of Araxá apatite. Clover was sown directly in plastic pots with 300g of sterilized washed sand, vermiculite and sepiolite 1:1:1 (v:v:v) as substrate, and grown in a controlled environment chamber. The substrate was fertilized with 3 g L-1 of Araxá apatite. A completely randomized design, in 8×2 factorial scheme (eight P-solubilizing fungi treatments with or without arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi)and four replicates were used. The P-solubilizing fungi treatments consisted of five Brazilian P-solubilizing fungi isolates (PSF 7, 9, 20, 21 and 22), two Spanish isolates ( Aspergillus niger and the yeast Yarowia lipolytica) and control (non-inoculated treatment). The greatest clover growth rate was recorded when Aspergillus niger and PSF 21 were co-inoculated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Aspergillus niger, PSF 7 and PSF 21 were the most effective isolates on increasing clover growth in the presence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Greater mycorrhizal colonization resulted in greater clover growth rate in most PSF treatments. PSF 7 was the best isolate to improve the establishment of mycorrhizal and rhizobia symbiosis.

scholarly journals Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in soil aggregates from fields of "murundus" converted to agriculture

2015 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 313-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Aurélio Carbone Carneiro ◽  
Dorotéia Alves Ferreira ◽  
Edicarlos Damacena de Souza ◽  
Helder Barbosa Paulino ◽  
Orivaldo José Saggin Junior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Soil Aggregates ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Spore Density ◽  
Extraradical Mycelium ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Conversion Time ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

The objective of this work was to evaluate the spore density and diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in soil aggregates from fields of "murundus" (large mounds of soil) in areas converted and not converted to agriculture. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with five replicates, in a 5x3 factorial arrangement: five areas and three aggregate classes (macro-, meso-, and microaggregates). The evaluated variables were: spore density and diversity of AMF, total glomalin, total organic carbon (TOC), total extraradical mycelium (TEM), and geometric mean diameter (GMD) of soil aggregates. A total of 21 AMF species was identified. Spore density varied from 29 to 606 spores per 50 mL of soil and was higher in microaggregates and in the area with 6 years of conversion to agriculture. Total glomalin was higher between murundus in all studied aggregate classes. The area with 6 years showed lower concentration of TOC in macroaggregates (8.6 g kg-1) and in microaggregates (10.1 g kg-1). TEM was greater at the top of the murundus in all aggregate classes. GMD increased with the conversion time to agriculture. The density and diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal spores change with the conversion of fields of murundus into agriculture.

scholarly journals Steel slag and phosphate nutrition of corn inoculated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita Bueno de Camargo Nunes ◽  
Orivaldo José Saggin Júnior ◽  
Eliane Maria Ribeiro da Silva ◽  
Flávio Araújo Pinto ◽  
Jessé Valentim dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Soil Acidity ◽  
Steel Slag ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Dolomitic Limestone ◽  
Rhizophagus Clarus ◽  
Phosphate Fertilization ◽  
Corn Plants

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of the use of steel slag as a soil acidity corrective and of mycorrhizal fungi associated with phosphate fertilization on corn plants. The study was performed in a greenhouse, using 3-kg pots with a Typic Haplorthox, in a 4x5x2 factorial arrangement, with four acidity correction treatments (C1, correction with dolomitic limestone at a dose of 4 Mg ha-1; C2, correction with steel slag at a dose of 4 Mg ha-1; C3, correction with a 1:1 mixture of 2 Mg ha-1 dolomitic limestone and 2 Mg ha-1 steel slag; and C4, control, without pH correction), five phosphorus doses (0, 42, 95, 213, and 480 mg dm-3), and the presence or absence of two arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (Rhizophagus clarus and Gigaspora margarita), with five replicates. Steel slag was efficient in correcting soil pH and providing Ca and Mg for the plants; therefore, it could replace limestone. The inoculation with R. clarus and G. margarita, associated with P doses of 42, 95, and 213 mg dm-3, improved the development of corn plants after 45 days, resulting in greater plant height, stem diameter, leaf area, and shoot and root dry matter.

scholarly journals ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI AND DARK SEPTATE ENDOPHYTIC FUNGI ON THE BIOMASS DEVELOPMENT OF VETIVER GRASS

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 602-611 ◽  
Author(s):  
JESSICA SILVA SANTOS ◽  
JACILENE FRANCISCA SOUZA SANTOS ◽  
LÁZARA JOSSIKARLA DE OLIVEIRA LOPES ◽  
JOHNY DE JESUS MENDONÇA ◽  
FRANCISCO SANDRO RODRIGUES HOLANDA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Vetiver Grass ◽  
Grass Family ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Fast Development ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

ABSTRACT Vetiver grass is a member of the grass family Poaceae. Its fast development is probably due to the interaction with native microbiota, whose influence has not been studied yet. The objective of this work was to evaluate the colonization and development of the vetiver grass (Chrysopogon zizanioides (L.) Roberty) inoculated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and dark septate endophytic fungi. The experimental design was a completely randomized design with six treatments (control, without mycorrhizal fungi, native inoculants, UFLA05 - Gigaspora albida, UFLA351 - Rhizoglomus clarum, UFLA372 - Claroideoglomus etunicatum, and UFLA401 - Acaulospora morrowiae), with three replicates each. Vetiver grass tillers as well as the native microbial inoculum were obtained from the Lower São Francisco river experimental area, located in Sergipe state, Northeastern Brazil. There was a negative interaction between all tested UFLAs mycorrhizal isolates and the native microbiota (mycorrhizal and endophytic fungi) in the treatments, especially when taking into consideration plant height and volume of roots. The effects of inoculation with UFLA isolates may have been influenced by the presence of the native mycorrhizal fungi and the dark septate endophytic fungi. Vetiver grass was responsive to the native inoculant. The mycorrhizal colonization of the vetiver grass was vesicular, but the formation of the arbuscules can be influenced by the interaction between the fungus, plant, and the environment.

scholarly journals Phosphate solubilization and synergism between P-solubilizing and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (9) ◽  
pp. 1405-1411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edson Luiz Souchie ◽  
Rosario Azcón ◽  
Jose Miguel Barea ◽  
Orivaldo José Saggin-Júnior ◽  
Eliane Maria Ribeiro da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Plant Nutrition ◽  
Phosphate Solubilization ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Aluminum Phosphate ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
P Content ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Presence And Absence

The objective of this work was to evaluate the ability of several P-solubilizing fungi to solubilize aluminum phosphate and Araxá apatite as well as the synergism between the P-solubilizing fungus, PSF 7, and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi to promote clover growth amended with aluminum phosphate. Two experiments were carried out, the first under laboratory conditions and the second in a controlled environmental chamber. In the first experiment, PSF 7, PSF 9, PSF 21 and PSF 22 isolates plus control were incubated in liquid medium at 28ºC for eight days. On the 2nd, 4th and 8th day of incubation, pH and soluble P were determined. In the second experiment, clover was sowed in plastic pots containing 300 g of sterilized substrate amended with aluminum phosphate, 3 g L-1, in presence and absence of PSF 7 isolate and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. A completely randomized design, in factorial outline 2x2 (presence and absence of PSF 7 and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi) and five replicates were used. In the first experiment, higher P content was detected in the medium containing aluminum phosphate. PSF 7 is the best fungi isolate which increases aluminum solubilization with major tolerance to Al3+. Clover growth was stimulated by presence of PSF 7 and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. There is synergism between microorganisms utilized to improve plant nutrition.

scholarly journals Development of mycorrhizal soybean grown in copper-contaminated soil

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (6supl2) ◽  
pp. 3617-3632
Author(s):  
Daiane Sartori Andreola ◽  
◽  
Juliano de Oliveira Stumm ◽  
Daniel Erison Fontanive ◽  
Djavan Antonio Coinaski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Root Surface ◽  
Shoot Height ◽  
Rhizophagus Clarus ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Copper Contaminated

High concentrations of copper in the soil are toxic to the development of plants and microorganisms. The aim of this study was to select arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi efficient for the development and yield of soybeangrown in copper-contaminated soil. The experiment was laid out in a completely randomized design with a 7 × 4 factorial arrangement corresponding to seven rates of copper (0, 80, 160, 240, 320, 400, and 480 mg kg-1 of soil) and four inocula (uninoculated control and three mycorrhizal fungi, namely, Acaulospora colombiana, Dentiscutata heterogama and Rhizophagus clarus), in seven replicates. Shoot height; collar diameter; number of grains per plant; shoot and root-system dry mass; leaf area; specific root surface; copper content and accumulation in the shoots, roots, and grain; chlorophyll parameters; and mycorrhizal colonization percentage were evaluated. Inoculation with the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi Acaulospora colombiana, Dentiscutata heterogama and Rhizophagus clarus increases the phenological and physiological parameters of soybean and its yield when grown in soil contaminated with up to 480 mg kg-1 of copper applied to the soil. The Rhizophagus clarus isolate provides greater development and yield in soybean grown in soil contaminated with up to 480 mg kg-1 of copper applied to the soil, as compared with the other isolates.

scholarly journals Inoculation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on sugarcane varieties in the production of pre-sprouted seedlings

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 97-105
Author(s):  
Lucas Aparecido Manzani Lisboa ◽  
Victor Gustavo Cunha Alves ◽  
Larissa Escalfi Tristão ◽  
Paulo Alexandre Monteiro de Figueiredo
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Epidermal Thickness ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Sugarcane Varieties ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Double Factorial

Brazil is considered the largest producer of sugarcane in the world, the main raw material for the production of ethanol and sugar. The objective was to evaluatethe effect of inoculation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in sugarcane varieties in the production of pre-sprouted seedlings. An experiment was carried out in acompletely randomized design, in a double factorial 4x2, with four varieties of cane: IACSP95-5000; IAC91-1099; IACSP95-5094 and IACSP97-4039 which interactedwith and without the application of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on the substrate, with 20 repetitions, totaling 160 experimental units. The use of the mycorrhizal fungi cocktail provided changes in the initial development of the varieties IACSP97-4039, IACSP95-5094 and IACSP95-5000. The inoculation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi increased the parameters of the leaf area, the weight of the root dry matter, the adaxial epidermal thickness, the abaxial epidermal thickness, the phloem diameter  and the mesophyll thickness.

scholarly journals The Effectiveness of Endomycorrhiza Species on the Growth of Barangan Banana Seedlings

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 70-76
Author(s):  
Asmah Indrawati ◽  
Suswati Suswati
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Leaf Growth ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Sand Mixture ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
And Control

Utilization of various species of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in Barangan banana nurseries has been carried out in a wire house. The aim of the study was to obtain data on the effectiveness of Barangan banana seedling growth after various FMA species were applied. This research was conducted with a Completely Randomized Design with mycorrhizal (A) treatment consisting of 4 levels, namely: A0. Without mycorrhizae, A1. Glomus type 1; A2. Acaulospora type 4 and A3. Glomus fasciculatum (FMA isolate collection of Prof. Dr. Ir. Eti Farda Husin, MS) with 5 replications. A total of 10 g of FMA inoculants were separately put into the acclimatization media of the Barangan plantlet in the form of a sterilized charcoal and sand mixture (2: 1). during acclimatization. The results of this study indicate that seedling growth is better in the treatment of FMA applications than in controls. Acaulospora type-4 FMA isolates; Glomus type-1 and G. fasciculatum can increase the height of Barangan banana seedlings at a rate of: 3.117%; 2,831% and 2,328% while the rate of leaf growth is better in Glomus type-1 applications (1,865%), G. fasciculatum (1,709%) and Acaulospora type 4 (1,412 and control (1,174%).

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