scholarly journals Viability of pollen grains and stigma receptivity in Desert Rose

2022 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-98
Author(s):  
Cristiane Gonçalves Souza ◽  
Sabrina Maihave Barbosa Ramos ◽  
Silvia Nietsche ◽  
Clivia Carolina Fiorilo Possobom ◽  
Elka Fabiana Aparecida Almeida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Pollen Viability ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Floral Biology ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
In Vitro Germination ◽  
Stigma Receptivity ◽  
Flower Opening

Abstract Adenium obesum (Forssk.) Roem. & Schult., popularly known as desert rose, has become a valuable ornamental plant. In floriculture, the production of hybrids is prioritized. Hence, knowledge on floral biology and sexual reproduction of the target species is fundamental. The objectives of this study were: (1) to test sucrose concentrations and temperatures for in vitro germination of A. obesum pollen grains; (2) to identify the effect of temperature on the viability of A. obesum pollen grains; and (3) to evaluate the viability of pollen grains and stigma receptivity in pre-anthesis, at flower opening, and 72 h post-flower opening in three accessions of A. obesum. A significant relationship between temperatures and sucrose concentrations was observed in the in vitro germination test. The highest percentage of in vitro germination of pollen grains, 39.81%, was observed at an estimated temperature of 26.05 °C. Desert rose accessions maintained in biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) chambers at 30 °C during a 16-h light photoperiod showed faster flowering, and temperatures ≥ 25 °C induced pollen grain viability percentages above 69%. Temperature is one of the most important abiotic factors, influencing mainly in pollen germination, pollen tube growing and in efficiency fertilization. The ICA-wd accession stood out and can be considered a pollen donor in artificial pollination. The stigmas of flowers were receptive from a day before flower opening until three days after. The two parameters presented above, stigma receptivity and pollen viability, allow inferences about the appropriate time for successful pollination and subsequent fertilization in desert roses.

scholarly journals Floral Morphology and Development in Georgia Plume, Elliottia racemosa (Ericaceae), a Rare Coastal Plain Endemic

2010 ◽  
Vol 135 (6) ◽  
pp. 487-493
Author(s):  
Carrie A. Radcliffe ◽  
James M. Affolter ◽  
Hazel Y. Wetzstein
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Pollen Viability ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Floral Biology ◽  
Flower Opening ◽  
Developmental Abnormalities ◽  
In The Wild

Georgia plume (Elliottia racemosa) is a threatened woody plant endemic to the Coastal Plain region of Georgia in the southeastern United States. Seed set is low in most populations, and sexual recruitment has not been observed in recent times. The objective of this study was to describe the floral biology of georgia plume. which is fundamental information needed to develop an understanding of the causes for lack of sexual reproduction in natural populations. Floral development was characterized and morphological characteristics at key developmental stages ranging from small, unopened buds to open flowers with receptive stigmas were examined using light and scanning electron microscopy. Flowering is protandrous, and anthers dehisce releasing pollen within closed buds before stigmas are receptive. Pollen tetrads, aggregated by viscin strands, are presented on unreceptive stigmas when petals reflex. Receptive stigmas developed a raised and lobed central region with a clefted opening leading to a stylar canal containing exudate produced in secretory regions. Receptivity of the non-papillate stigma is indicated by the formation of an exudate droplet, which is formed within 1 day after flower opening. Pollen viability was low to moderate; tetrad germination ranged from 20% to 40% using in vitro germination assays indicating poor pollen quality and may contribute to lack of seed development in some populations. No developmental abnormalities in stigmas or styles were observed indicating other factors are responsible for lack of sexual recruitment in the wild.

scholarly journals In vitro germination and viability of pea pollen grains after application of organic nano-fertilizers

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Georgieva ◽  
Ivelina Nikolova ◽  
Valentin Kosev ◽  
Yordanka Naydenova
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Tube ◽  
Pollen Germination ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Pollen Viability ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Pollen Grain ◽  
In Vitro Germination ◽  
Pisum Sativum L ◽  
Pollen Tube Elongation

The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of two organic nanofertilizers, Lithovit and Nagro, on in vitro germination, pollen tube elongation and pollen grain viability of Pisum sativum L cv. Pleven 4. The effect of their application was high and exceeded data for the untreated control (44.2 and 47.23 % regarding pollen germination and pollen tube elongation, respectively), as well as the effect of the control organic algal fertilizer Biofa (17.5 and 27.9 %, respectively). Pollen grains were inoculated in four culture media. A medium containing 15% sucrose and 1% agar had the most stimulating impact on pea pollen grains. Pollen viability, evaluated by staining with 1% carmine, was within limits of 74.72-87.97%. The highest viability of pollen grains was demonstrated after the application of Nagro organic nano-fertlizer.

scholarly journals In vitro pollen germination and pollen viability in passion fruit (Passiflora spp.)

2013 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 1116-1126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taliane Leila Soares ◽  
Onildo Nunes de Jesus ◽  
Janay Almeida dos Santos-Serejo ◽  
Eder Jorge de Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Germination ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Pollen Viability ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
In Vitro Germination ◽  
Triphenyltetrazolium Chloride ◽  
Histochemical Analysis ◽  
High Viability ◽  
Three Stages

The use of Passiflora species for ornamental purposes has been recently developed, but little is known about pollen viability and the potential for crossing different species. The objective of this study was to evaluate the pollen viability of six Passiflora species collected from different physiological stages of development through in vitro germination and histochemical analysis using dyes. The pollen was collected in three stages (pre-anthesis, anthesis and post-anthesis). Three compositions of culture medium were used to evaluate the in vitro germination, and two dyes (2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride, or TTC, and Lugol's solution) were used for the histochemical analysis. The culture medium containing 0.03% Ca(NO3) 4H2O, 0.02% of Mg(SO4 ).7H2O, 0.01% of KNO3, 0,01% of H3BO3, 15% sucrose, and 0.8% agar, pH 7.0, showed a higher percentage of pollen grains germinated. Anthesis is the best time to collect pollen because it promotes high viability and germination. The Lugol's solution and TTC dye overestimated the viability of pollen, as all accessions showed high viability indices when compared with the results obtained in vitro.

scholarly journals Pollen viability and stigma receptivity in Swainsona formosa (G.Don) J.Thompson (Fabaceae), an ornamental legume native to Australia

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 158-167
Author(s):  
Zulkarnain Zulkarnain ◽  
Eliyanti Eliyanti ◽  
Elly Indra Swari
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Viability ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Total Darkness ◽  
Anther Dehiscence ◽  
Stigma Receptivity ◽  
Cross Pollination ◽  
Hand Pollination ◽  
Dry Conditions

Pollen viability and stigma receptivity are prerequisites for successful cross-pollination and seed set in Swainsona formosa. In this study, the pollen viabilities and stigma receptivities was assayed by in vitro pollen germination and simple hand-pollination method on glasshouse-grown plants, respectively. The viability of pollen grains was tested under three different storage conditions: 1) pollen grains were left on the plant in the glasshouse under natural conditions, 2) pollen grains were harvested and kept at a low temperature (4 o C) in total darkness, and 3) pollen grains were kept in a dry freezer (-10 o C) and in total darkness. Meanwhile, stigma receptivity was determined by hand-pollination using fresh pollen grains on flower of glasshouse-grown plants at one day before anther dehiscence up to 8 days after anther dehiscence. The results showed that pollen grains could be stored at 4 o C for up to 28 days without significantly losing their viability. Pollen longevity could be extended beyond two months when stored at -10 o C and under dry conditions. These findings provided a simple and economically sound method for storage of S. formosa pollen. In addition, stigma receptivity was found to be receptive from one day before anther dehiscence and reached its peak within four days after anther dehiscence. These results provide a valuable background to the conventional breeding of this species to create hybrids through cross-pollination

scholarly journals Determination of cardinal temperatures for sugar apple ( Annona squamosa L.)

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Rafael Alves Rodrigues ◽  
Rayane Carneiro dos Santos ◽  
Silvia Nietsche ◽  
Maria Olívia Mercadante-Simões ◽  
Isabella Renata Gomes da Cunha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Tube ◽  
Pollen Tube Growth ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Pollen Grain ◽  
Tube Growth ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
In Vitro Germination ◽  
Cardinal Temperatures ◽  
Germination Of Pollen

ABSTRACT The sugar apple is highly dependent on the pollination and fruit tree pollen performance is crucial for successful fertilization and fruit set. The objective of this study was to determine the cardinal temperatures for in vitro pollen grains germination and evaluate the effect of temperature on pollen tube growth of sugar apple. The experimental design was in a completely randomized with eight treatments (10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40 and 45 ºC), four replicates and each plot was constituted by two slides per parcel. The cardinal temperatures were determined by evaluating in vitro germination of pollen grains and pollen tube growth in standard culture medium. It also assessed the pollen tube growth and the percentage of germination in vitro depending on the type of pollen grain arrangement (monad, dyad, triad and tetrad). In vitro germination of pollen grains and pollen tube growth varied significantly with temperature. The maximum germination recorded (48.13%) and the maximum lengths of pollen tubes (536.45 μm) were obtained when pollen grains were cultivated at 25 ºC. The estimated cardinal temperatures were 9.7, 26.9 and 44.2 ºC. Among the pollen grain arrangements, tetrads pollen grains were observed in higher proportions, however, monads pollen grains presented higher germination percentage.

scholarly journals Floral Biology and in vitro Germination of Nasturtium Pollen Grains Grown With Poultry Litter

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 160
Author(s):  
G. T. Zanetti ◽  
L. M. C. Davide ◽  
M. do C. Vieira ◽  
N. A. H. Zárate ◽  
A. M. T. Alovisi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Culture Media ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Poultry Litter ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Floral Biology ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
In Vitro Germination ◽  
Tropaeolum Majus ◽  
Floral Bud

The plant Tropaeolum majus, popularly known as nasturtium, presents food, ornamental and medicinal importance. Studies on floral and carpometric characteristics generate basic knowledge for areas of science such as botany, genetics and plant breeding. This work has the objectives of analyzing the effect of combinations of doses of poultry litter on floral structures and the in vitro germination of T. majus pollen grains. From the experimental matrix Plan Puebla III were defined 9 combinations of poultry litter doses incorporated and covered. The design of the experiments was entirely random, varying the replicates number. The number of stamens, petals, sepals and carpels was verified per floral bud in each treatment. The in vitro germination rate of pollen grains was estimated in 5 culture media and 2 germination times, from flower buds randomly collected in the experiment. The overall mean of stamens, sepals, petals and carpels per floral bud was 8.23; 5; 5 and 3, respectively. The combinations of poultry litter doses influenced only the number of stamens. The in vitro germination rate of T. majus pollen grains varied in the culture media. There was no association between the combinations of poultry litter doses and the in vitro germination rate of pollen grains.

scholarly journals Receptiveness of the stigma and in vitro germination of orange pollen, submitted to different temperatures

2004 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 1087-1091 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leila Aparecida Salles Pio ◽  
José Darlan Ramos ◽  
Moacir Pasqual ◽  
Flavia Carvalho Santos ◽  
Keize Pereira Junqueira
Keyword(s):  
Culture Medium ◽  
Calcium Nitrate ◽  
Pollen Grain ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
In Vitro Germination ◽  
Stigma Receptivity ◽  
Open Flower ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
The Ideal

The study was carried out in order to evaluate the effect of temperature and in vitor stigma receptivity on regeneration of orange cultivar (Valência, Pêra and Natal) pollen. Two experiments were carried out, in the first the ideal temperature of germination was assessed. Pollen was obtained from flowers at the balloon stage and inoculated in culture medium with 10 g L-1 agar, 200 mg L-1 boric acid, 100 g L-1 sucrose, 800 mg L-1 calcium nitrate, pH adjusted to 6,5 and incubated in a BOD chamber at temperatures of 23, 24, 25, 26 and 27ºC during a 24-hour photoperiod. After 12 hours of incubation, the best temperature for pollen grain germination was 25ºC for all varieties. In a second experiment, in order to test the receptivity of the stigma, flowers were collected at different flowering stages: small bud, balloon and open flower. The stigmas were by immersion exposed to hydrogen peroxide (perioxidase reaction), 3% for 3 minutes. Through the technique of Zeisler (1938), better results were detected at the balloon stage with 80 to 100% receptivity, while for the open flower the receptivity presented maximum indexes.

scholarly journals Pollen viability of Salix myrtilloides L. – an endangered species in Poland

2016 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Pogorzelec ◽  
Artur Serafin ◽  
Barbara Banach-Albińska ◽  
Agnieszka Szczurowska ◽  
Marzena Parzymies ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endangered Species ◽  
Pollen Viability ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Peat Bog ◽  
In Vitro Germination ◽  
Glucose Content ◽  
C 23

<em>Salix myrtilloides</em> L. (swamp willow) is the most endangered species among the boreal <em>Salix</em> species in Poland. The number and size of its population have been decreasing constantly since the 1990s. The main aim of the study was to determine the viability of collected <em>S. myrtilloides</em> pollen and optimal conditions for its in vitro germination. The pollen of <em>S. myrtilloides</em> was collected from 25 male individuals from a population growing in the mid-forest peat bog Dekowina (Sobibór Landscape Park) in May 2014. Two methods were applied to estimate the viability of fresh and stored pollen: staining pollen with 2% acetocarmine solution and in vitro germinability. Various temperature (11°C, 23°C) and light conditions as well as different concentrations of glucose (1%, 2.5%, 5%, or 7.5%) were tested for the optimization of in vitro germination. We documented relatively high <em>S. myrtilloides</em> pollen viability. Pollen tube growth was found to be largely affected by both glucose content in the medium and thermal conditions during germination. Fresh pollen germinated most effectively on the medium with 2.5% glucose (stored pollen – in 5% glucose), at 23°C and in the presence of light. We conclude that pollen viability of <em>S. myrtilloides</em> does not seem to be a limiting factor for reproductive success. Moreover, the pollen is not sterile even after storage for 12 months. The <em>S. myrtilloides</em> individuals from the Dekowina peat bog produce viable pollen grains that are able to germinate and therefore it can be used to pollinate other populations present in the Polesie Lubelskie region for gene pool enrichment.

Reproductive and cytogenetic characterization in Passiflora sublanceolata

Biologia ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela de O. Belo ◽  
Margarete M. Souza ◽  
Viviane de O. Souza ◽  
Cláusio Antônio F. de Melo
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Pollen Viability ◽  
Chromosome Length ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
In Vitro Germination ◽  
Fruit Characteristics ◽  
Stigma Receptivity ◽  
Cytogenetic Characterization

AbstractReproductive biology (pollen-ovule ratio, pollen viability, germination in vitro pollination and stigma receptivity in vivo) and karyotype characterization by classical and molecular techniques were performed in Passiflora sublanceolata. The pollen-ovule ratio was 83.9, suggesting that this species is facultative autogamous. Pollen viability was below 70% during all anthesis period (6:00 a.m. to 12:00 p.m.). Low in vitro germination rates were observed after anthesis beginning, with none percentage at one, four and six hours and medium percentage (52.9%) at five hour. The stigma remained receptive during the whole anthesis (100%). The average fertilization percentages resulting from controlled pollinations varied between 8.4% at six hour after anthesis beginning and 50% at two and three hour. The fruit characteristics did not show significant differences by the effects of pollination time. The chromosome number was 2n = 22. The average chromosome length and the haploid chromosome length were 1.60 μm and 17.61 μm, respectively. Six CMA

scholarly journals Nocturnal and diurnal pollination in Copaifera coriacea, a dominant species in sand dunes of the Middle São Francisco River Basin, Northeastern Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 154 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-216
Author(s):  
Isys Mascarenhas Souza ◽  
Frederic Mendes Hughes ◽  
Ligia Silveira Funch ◽  
Luciano Paganucci de Queiroz
Keyword(s):  
Uv Light ◽  
Pollen Viability ◽  
Sand Dunes ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Pollen Tubes ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Stigma Receptivity ◽  
Flower Opening ◽  
Pollination System ◽  
Floral Visitors

Background and aims – Copaifera coriacea, a species in the resin-producing clade Detarioideae (Leguminosae), is an endemic and abundant species found in sand dunes in Brazilian Caatinga domain vegetation – a Quaternary paleodesert. We investigated floral traits and aspects of pollination biology, focusing on the pollination system of C. coriacea. Material and methods – Anthesis duration, stigma receptivity, pollen viability, nectar concentration, and the presence of osmophores and pigments reflecting UV light were assessed. Floral visitors were classified as potential pollinators, occasional pollinators or thieves, based on the time and foraging behaviour and resource collected. Pollination effectiveness were assessed for potential pollinators by the detection of pollen tubes on the stigma or stylar canal by epifluorescence microscopy.Key results – The species has white and small flowers, with anthesis beginning in the dark (ca 00:30) and the flowers are completely opened approximately 3 h later, when a sweet odour is perceptible. The onset of stigma receptivity and pollen grain viability occurs only after the completion of flower opening, and a concentrated nectar is available during the day. The presence of pollen tubes confirmed the efficiency of the main insects in the transfer of pollen. Conclusion – Our result demonstrates that C. coriacea has a generalist pollination system mediated mainly by two distinct guilds of insect pollinators: moths (nocturnal, searching for nectar) and bees (diurnal, pollen collectors). This finding can provide more information about diversification in the genus Copaifera.

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