scholarly journals ESOPHAGEAL CARCINOMA: IS SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA DIFFERENT DISEASE COMPARED TO ADENOCARCINOMA? A transversal study in a quaternary high volume hospital in Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco TUSTUMI ◽  
Flavio Roberto TAKEDA ◽  
Cintia Mayumi Sakurai KIMURA ◽  
Rubens Antônio Aissar SALLUM ◽  
Ulysses RIBEIRO JUNIOR ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Esophageal Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Squamous Cell Cancer ◽  
Cell Cancer ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
High Volume Hospital

ABSTRACT Background Esophageal cancer is one of the leading causes of mortality among the neoplasms that affect the gastrointestinal tract. There are several factors that contribute for development of an epidemiological esophageal cancer profile in a population. Objective This study aims to describe both clinically and epidemiologically the population of patients with diagnosis of esophageal cancer treated in a quaternary attention institute for cancer from January, 2009 to December, 2011, in Sao Paulo, Brazil. Methods The charts of all patients diagnosed with esophageal cancer from January, 2009, to December, 2011, in a Sao Paulo (Brazil) quaternary oncology institute were retrospectively reviewed. Results Squamous cell cancer made up to 80% of the cases of esophageal cancer. Average age at diagnosis was 60.66 years old for esophageal adenocarcinoma and 62 for squamous cell cancer, average time from the beginning of symptoms to the diagnosis was 3.52 months for esophageal adenocarcinoma and 4.2 months for squamous cell cancer. Average time for initiating treatment when esophageal cancer is diagnosed was 4 months for esophageal adenocarcinoma and 4.42 months for squamous cell cancer. There was a clear association between squamous cell cancer and head and neck cancers, as well as certain habits, such as smoking and alcoholism, while adenocarcinoma cancer showed more association with gastric cancer and gastroesophageal reflux disease. Tumoral bleeding and pneumonia were the main causes of death. No difference in survival rate was noted between the two groups. Conclusion Adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma are different diseases, but both are diagnosed in advanced stages in Brazil, compromising the patients' possibilities of cure.

scholarly journals CD147 expression lacks prognostic relevance in esophageal cancer

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalie Küsters ◽  
Katharina Grupp ◽  
Julia-Kristin Grass ◽  
Kai Bachmann ◽  
Tarik Ghadban ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Prognostic Factor ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Esophageal Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Squamous Cell Cancer ◽  
Cell Cancer ◽  
Esophageal Tissue ◽  
Cd147 Expression

Abstract Introduction The role of CD147 as an important indicator of tumor prognosis remains controversially discussed in literature. We focused on the prognostic significance of CD147 expression in esophageal cancer patients. While some studies report that CD147 is an unfavorable prognostic factor in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, others showed no significant correlation. However, only one study draws attention to the significance of CD147 in esophageal adenocarcinoma, which is one of the most rapidly increasing neoplasms in the western world. Methods To finally clarify the impact of CD147 as a prognostic factor, especially for esophageal adenocarcinomas, we analyzed CD147 expression in a tissue microarray of 359 esophageal adenocarcinomas and 254 esophageal squamous cell cancer specimens. For the immuno-histochemical analysis, we used a primary antibody specific for CD147. Staining intensity and proportion of positive tumor cells were scored (negative, weak, moderate, strong staining). These findings were compared to normal esophageal tissue and correlated to the histopathological tumor phenotype and survival data. Results CD147 expression was detectable in weak intensities in benign esophageal tissue (85.78%) and expressed in predominately moderate to strong intensities in esophageal cancer (88.34%). Strong CD147 immunostaining was linked to increased infiltration depth (p = 0.015) and differentiation (p = 0.016) in esophageal squamous cell cancer but revealed no significant correlation with histopathology of adenocarcinoma. Moreover, CD147 intensity was unrelated to overall survival in this collective for both subtypes of esophageal cancer. Conclusion Thus, our data show that CD147 has no prognostic value, neither in esophageal adenocarcinoma nor squamous cell carcinoma.

scholarly journals Esophageal Cancer in Canada: Trends according to Morphology and Anatomical Location

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (10) ◽  
pp. 723-727 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael C Otterstatter ◽  
James D Brierley ◽  
Prithwish De ◽  
Larry F Ellison ◽  
Maureen MacIntyre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Esophageal Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Relative Survival ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Anatomical Location ◽  
Males And Females

BACKGROUND: Esophageal adenocarcinoma has one of the fastest rising incidence rates and one of the lowest survival rates of any cancer type in the Western world. However, in many countries, trends in esophageal cancer differ according to tumour morphology and anatomical location. In Canada, incidence and survival trends for esophageal cancer subtypes are poorly known.METHODS: Cancer incidence and mortality rates were obtained from the Canadian Cancer Registry, the National Cancer Incidence Reporting System and the Canadian Vital Statistics Death databases for the period from 1986 to 2006. Observed trends (annual per cent change) and five-year relative survival ratios were estimated separately for esophageal adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma, and according to location (upper, middle, or lower one-third of the esophagus). Incidence rates were projected up to the year 2026.RESULTS: Annual age-standardized incidence rates for esophageal cancer in 2004 to 2006 were 6.1 and 1.7 per 100,000 for males and females, respectively. Esophageal adenocarcinoma incidence rose by 3.9% (males) and 3.6% (females) per year for the period 1986 to 2006, with the steepest increase in the lower one-third of the esophagus (4.8% and 5.0% per year among males and females, respectively). In contrast, squamous cell carcinoma incidence declined by 3.3% (males) and 3.2% (females) per year since the early 1990s. The five-year relative survival ratio for esophageal cancer was 13% between 2004 and 2006, approximately a 3% increase since the period from 1992 to 1994. Projected incidence rates showed increases of 40% to 50% for esophageal adenocarcinoma and decreases of 30% for squamous cell carcinoma by 2026.DISCUSSION: Although esophageal cancer is rare in Canada, the incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma has doubled in the past 20 years, which may reflect the increasing prevalence of obesity and gastroesophageal reflux disease. Declines in squamous cell carcinoma may be the result of the decreases in the prevalence of smoking in Canada. Given the low survival rates and the potential for further increases in incidence, esophageal adenocarcinoma warrants close attention.

Cervical node metastases in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma: prospective analysis of prevalence and distribution

2002 ◽  
Vol 116 (11) ◽  
pp. 925-928 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jemy Jose ◽  
Andrew P. Coatesworth ◽  
Colin Johnston ◽  
Ken MacLennan
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Neck Dissection ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Squamous Cell Cancer ◽  
Cell Cancer ◽  
Oropharyngeal Carcinoma ◽  
Neck Node ◽  
Cancer Metastases ◽  
Node Metastases

The treatment of cervical lymph node metastases is an important part of the management of oropharyngeal squamous cell cancer. Metastases are already clinically present in 61 per cent (+ or −2.6 per cent) of patients at presentation. Previous studies concerning the prevalence and distribution of neck node metastases in oropharyngeal carcinoma have been retrospective, and little or no information is available about the histopathological methods used.This study has prospectively analysed 85 neck dissection specimens in 72 consecutive patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharynx, both with clinically N0 and N+ve necks, to identify the prevalence and distribution of cervical metastases. We have used a technique to separate the neck dissection into nodal levels per-operatively, and then embedded the entire specimen for histological examination to avoid missing metastatic disease in small lymph nodes (<3mm diameter).

scholarly journals Frequency of HPV detection in chagasic megaesophagus associated or not with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Franco Munari ◽  
Laura Sichero ◽  
Adriana Cruvinel-Carloni ◽  
Croider Franco Lacerda ◽  
Emily Montosa Nunes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Carcinoma Of The Esophagus ◽  
Hpv Dna ◽  
Chagasic Megaesophagus

Abstract Background: Chagasic megaesophagus (clinical manifestation of chagasic disease) has been reported as an etiological factor for squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus, as well as the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV). Objective: We accessed the prevalence of HPV DNA in a series of squamous cell carcinomas of the esophagus associated or not with the chagasic megaesophagus, and within samples of chagasic megaesophagus without cancer. Data obtained was further correlated to the pathological clinical data of affected individuals. Methods: Retrospective study that used a total 92 samples tissue/biopsy specimens of formalin fixed and paraffin embedded tissues were retrospectively collected from the southeast region of Brazil from patients treated in three hospitals: Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, São Paulo; Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro (UFTM), Uberaba, Minas Gerais; and São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo. Cases were divided in three groups: i) 24 patients with chagasic megaesophagus associated with esophageal ESCC (CM/ESCC); ii) 37 patients with esophageal ESCC without chagasic megaesophagus (ESCC); iii) 31 patients with chagasic megaesophagus without esophageal ESCC (CM). Results: We detected a higher prevalence of high-risk HPVs in patients from both CM (12/31, 38.8%) and CM/ESCC groups (8/24, 33.3%), as compared to individuals of the ESCC group (6/37, 16.3%), although data was not statistically significant. We further observed that HPV-16 was more prevalent in patients of the ESCC (4/9, 44.5%) and CM/ESCC groups (2/8, 25.0%). In addition, some of these samples presented infection by multiple HPV types. High-risk HPVs detected were HPV-31, 45, 51, 53, 56, 66, and 73, of which the majority was identified in patients from the CM group. Furthermore, low-risk HPV-11 and HPV70 were identified in individuals from both ESCC and CM groups. Conclusion: This is the first report regarding the presence of HPV DNA in megaesophagus associated with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. In the present study, HPV infection appears to be directly related to the development of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in patients with chagasic megaesophagus. Further studies are warrantee to confirm and better understand the role of oncogenic HPV persistent infection in these patients.

251 Factors evaluated as predictors of exceptional response to PD-1 inhibitors in patients with head and neck squamous cell cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (Suppl 3) ◽  
pp. A272-A272
Author(s):  
Alexander Song ◽  
Ron Ng ◽  
John Heller ◽  
Robin Petro ◽  
Ralph D’Agostino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Squamous Cell Cancer ◽  
Cell Cancer ◽  
Complete Response ◽  
Similar Treatment ◽  
One Year ◽  
Neck Squamous Cell Cancer

BackgroundImmunotherapy has recently emerged as an alternative to traditional chemotherapy in the management of recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC). PD-1 inhibitors were approved for HNSCC in 2016 with ORR of 13–18% and CR of 4%.1, 2 Current research focuses on identifying predictors of response for better patient selection. We present HNSCC patients with exceptional response to PD-1 inhibitors in an attempt to highlight biomarkers that correlated with their remarkable response.MethodsWe analyzed all cases of HNSCC treated with single agent PD-1 inhibitors in the last 4 years at Wake Forest Comprehensive Cancer Center. To identify exceptional responders, we followed the NIH Initiative definition: complete response to drug(s), where complete response is seen in less than 10% of patients receiving similar treatment or partial response lasting at least 6 months, where such response is seen in less than 10% of patients receiving similar treatment. We aimed to test all patients for PD-L1 expression, tumor genomics by Foundation Medicine platform and mutated circulating tumor DNA via Guardant 360 platform.ResultsBased on the above criteria, 11 patients were identified as exceptional responders, 9 of whom had metastatic spread to lung, liver or bones. 7 patients were treated for more than one year, and all achieved CR. 3 patients were treated for less than one year, and all achieved major PR with possible CR to be confirmed with next scans. One patient with metastatic HNSCC achieved CR after just 3 administrations of PD-1 inhibitor and has been in CR for 3.5 years. 9 patients were tested for PD-L1 before starting immunotherapy, and all presented levels above 5% by TPS and above 10% by CPS. Interestingly, three patients older than 75 had the highest PD-L1: 75% by TPS and 100% by CPS in two patients. TMB was found moderate or high in all 8 patients tested before starting immunotherapy. TP53 was found mutated both in tumor and in blood in all but 2 of the 10 tested patients, one of whom is the only HPV positive patient in our series. MSI was stable in all patients.ConclusionsThere are limited reports in the literature of exceptional responders to immunotherapy, particularly among HNSCC patients. High PD-L1 expression, moderate or high TMB and presence of mutated TP53 in both tumor and blood were present in almost all patients, recommending for further investigations as possible predictors of exceptional response to PD-1 inhibitors.Ethics ApprovalThe study was approved by Wake Forest University Institution’s Ethics Board, approval number IRB00056249.ReferencesT.Y. Seiwert, B. Burtness, R. Mehra, et al. Safety and clinical activity of pembrolizumab for treatment of recurrent or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (KEYNOTE-012): an open-label, multicentre, phase 1b trial. Lancet Oncol 2016;17(7):pp. 956–965.Ferris RL, Blumenschein GJr, Fayette J, Guigay J, Colevas AD, Licitra L, et al. Nivolumab for recurrent squamous-cell carcinoma of the head and neck. N Engl J Med 2016;375:1856–67. 10.1056/NEJMoa1602252

scholarly journals Editorial for the Special Issue “Squamous Cell Cancer of the Head and Neck—Time to Arrive in the 21st Century of Oncology”

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 1592
Author(s):  
Sven Perner ◽  
Christian Idel
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Squamous Cell Cancer ◽  
Cell Cancer ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Common Cancer

Squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (HNSCC) is the sixth most common cancer worldwide [...]

scholarly journals Divergent Metastatic Patterns Between Esophageal Squamous-cell Carcinoma and Esophageal Adenocarcinoma: a Propensity-matched Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ganwei Liu ◽  
Feng Yang ◽  
Shaodong Wang ◽  
Jianfeng Li ◽  
Zuli Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Brain Metastasis ◽  
Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Esophageal Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Monitoring Strategies ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Metastatic Patterns

Abstract Background: To explore the different metastatic patterns between esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma (ESCC) and esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC).Methods: For this propensity-matched analysis, we used data from the latest iteration of the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database and included patients diagnosed with esophageal cancer from 2010 to 2017. Results: A total of 20,189 patients were identified, including 6,610 ESCC and 13,579 EAC. After propensity score matching, 4597 pairs were selected. Compared with ESCC, EAC had a higher rate of liver metastasis (P < 0.001) and brain metastasis (P < 0.001), and a lower rate of lung metastasis (P < 0.001), with no significant difference in bone metastasis (P = 0.255). The liver preferentially co-metastasized with lung in both cohorts. Brain metastasis was commonly observed in combination with other organ metastases in EAC. Conclusions: There are major differences in metastatic patterns between ESCC and EAC. The patterns identified may reflect the underlying biology of metastatic esophageal cancer and have potential to influence future monitoring strategies depending on clinical settings.

HPV detection within a case series of chagasic megaesophagus associated or not with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Franco Munari ◽  
Laura Sichero ◽  
Adriana Cruvinel-Carloni ◽  
Croider Franco Lacerda ◽  
Emily Montosa Nunes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Carcinoma Of The Esophagus ◽  
Hpv Dna ◽  
Chagasic Megaesophagus

Abstract Background Chagasic megaesophagus (clinical manifestation of chagasic disease) has been reported as an etiological factor for squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus, as well as the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV). Objective We accessed the prevalence of HPV DNA in a series of squamous cell carcinomas of the esophagus associated or not with the chagasic megaesophagus, and within samples of chagasic megaesophagus without cancer. Data obtained was further correlated to the pathological clinical data of affected individuals. Methods Retrospective study that used a total 92 samples tissue/biopsy specimens of formalin fixed and paraffin embedded tissues were retrospectively collected from the southeast region of Brazil from patients treated in three hospitals: Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, São Paulo; Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro (UFTM), Uberaba, Minas Gerais; and São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo. Cases were divided in three groups: i) 24 patients with chagasic megaesophagus associated with esophageal ESCC (CM/ESCC); ii) 37 patients with esophageal ESCC without chagasic megaesophagus (ESCC); iii) 31 patients with chagasic megaesophagus without esophageal ESCC (CM). Results We detected a higher prevalence of high-risk HPVs in patients from both CM (12/31, 38.8%) and CM/ESCC groups (8/24, 33.3%), as compared to individuals of the ESCC group (6/37, 16.3%), although data was not statistically significant. We further observed that HPV-16 was more prevalent in patients of the ESCC (4/9, 44.5%) and CM/ESCC groups (2/8, 25.0%). In addition, some of these samples presented infection by multiple HPV types. High-risk HPVs detected were HPV-31, 45, 51, 53, 56, 66, and 73, of which the majority was identified in patients from the CM group. Furthermore, low-risk HPV-11 and HPV-70 were identified in individuals from both ESCC and CM groups. Conclusion This is the first report regarding the presence of HPV DNA in megaesophagus associated with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. In the present study, HPV infection appears to be directly related to the development of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in patients with chagasic megaesophagus. Further studies are warrantee to confirm and better understand the role of oncogenic HPV persistent infection in these patients.

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