scholarly journals Alpha absolute power: motor learning of practical pistol shooting

2008 ◽  
Vol 66 (2b) ◽  
pp. 336-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clayton Amaral Domingues ◽  
Sergio Machado ◽  
Emerson Garcia Cavaleiro ◽  
Vernon Furtado ◽  
Mauricio Cagy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Learning ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Learning Task ◽  
Alpha Power ◽  
Motor Execution ◽  
Task Execution ◽  
Post Hoc Analysis ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
One Way Anova

The present study aimed at investigating changes in behavior (shooting precision) and electrophysiological variables (absolute alpha power) during the motor learning of practical pistol shooting. The sample was composed of 23 healthy subjects, right-handed, male, between 18 and 20 years of age. The task consisted of four learning blocks. A One-way ANOVA with repeated measures and a post hoc analysis were employed to observe modifications on behavioral and electrophysiological measures (p<0.05). The results showed significative differences between blocks according to motor learning, and a significant improvement in shooting's accuracy from both blocks. It was observed a decrease in alpha power in all electrodes examined during task execution when compared with baseline and learning control blocks. The findings suggest that alpha power decreases as the function of the motor learning task when subjects are engaged in the motor execution.

scholarly journals Depth-Related Curing Potential of Ormocer- and Dimethacrylate-Based Bulk-Fill Composites

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (22) ◽  
pp. 6753
Author(s):  
Ramona S. Oltramare ◽  
Reto Odermatt ◽  
Phoebe Burrer ◽  
Thomas Attin ◽  
Tobias T. Tauböck
Keyword(s):  
Double Bond ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
Degree Of Conversion ◽  
Double Bond Conversion ◽  
Nanohybrid Composite ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
One Way Anova

The aim of this in vitro study was to investigate the degree of C=C double bond conversion of high-viscosity dimethacrylate- or ormocer-based bulk-fill composites as a function of measurement depth. Four bulk-fill composites (Tetric EvoCeram Bulk Fill, x-tra fil, SonicFill, and Bulk Ormocer) and the conventional nanohybrid composite Tetric EvoCeram were applied in standardized Class II cavities (n = 6 per group) and photoactivated for 20 s at 1350 mW/cm2. The degree of conversion of the composites was assessed using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy at seven measurement depths (0.15, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 mm). Data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA and one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni post-hoc tests (α = 0.05). The investigated bulk-fill composites showed at least 80% of their maximum degree of conversion (80% DCmax) up to a measuring depth of at least 4 mm. Tetric EvoCeram Bulk Fill and Bulk Ormocer achieved more than 80% DCmax up to a measuring depth of 5 mm, x-tra fil up to 6 mm. The conventional nanohybrid composite Tetric EvoCeram achieved more than 80% DCmax up to 3 mm. In contrast to the conventional composite, the investigated ormocer- and dimethacrylate-based bulk-fill composites can be photo-polymerized in thick layers of up to at least 4 mm with regard to their degree of C=C double bond conversion.

scholarly journals THE AGING BRAIN AND MOTOR LEARNING

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S655-S655
Author(s):  
Qu Tian ◽  
Roger Mullins ◽  
Abby Corkum ◽  
David Reiter ◽  
Daniel Pupo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Learning ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Middle Age ◽  
Brain Activation ◽  
Repeated Sequence ◽  
Learning Task ◽  
Initial Time ◽  
Aging Brain ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Over Time

Abstract The effect of aging on motor learning is poorly understood. This study investigated response time and patterns of brain activation induced over the course of a bimanual motor learning task in three age groups. Twenty-two cognitively unimpaired participants (32%women) were grouped into Young (&lt;35,n=6), Middle-Age (36-59,n=10), and Old (60+,n=6). A self-paced bimanual motor learning task was performed during fMRI. The task consisted of using 2 capital and 2 lower case letters in strings of 16 cues with 6 novel alternating with 6 repeated sequence blocks. To assess learning, a repeated measures ANOVA tested whether average time per slide differed over time between novel and sequence conditions. Voxel-wise changes in brain activation between novel and sequence conditions over time were examined using a within-subject repeated measures model. Faster initial time per slide was associated with younger age (p0.05). Old had increased brain activation in repeated sequence than novel conditions in right postcentral and superior parietal regions during the early half of the task compared to the second half (p0.05). We found behavioral evidence of motor learning in Middle-Age and Old, but not Young, perhaps because younger individuals performed quickly and learned sequence almost immediately. Among older individuals, sequence-specific learning in parietal regions challenges the view that it is mediated by only motor areas.

scholarly journals Influence of Foot Orthotics and Intrinsic Factors on Strain Measurements in the Fifth Metatarsal

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 2473011420S0025
Author(s):  
Jeffrey W. Hoffman ◽  
Rogerio C. Bitar ◽  
Daniel R. Sturnick ◽  
Glenn Garrison ◽  
Constantine A. Demetracopoulos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Return To Play ◽  
Peak Strain ◽  
Lateral Plate ◽  
Intrinsic Factors ◽  
Post Hoc Analysis ◽  
Zone Ii ◽  
Post Hoc

Category: Midfoot/Forefoot; Sports Introduction/Purpose: Fractures of the fifth metatarsal occur in young, athletic populations and often result in sub-optimal clinical outcomes, even after surgical fixation. With such a high demand for decreased return to play in athletic populations, the development of intervention strategies which mitigate intrinsic and extrinsic risk factors of initial injury is important. Foot orthotics have been shown to decrease strain in the 2nd metatarsal. However, limited research has investigated the influence of intrinsic risk factors and the use of foot orthotics on fifth metatarsal strain. Therefore, the purpose of our study was to investigate the effect of foot orthotics and intrinsic risk factors on fifth metatarsal strain during cadaveric simulation. Methods: Ten specimens were loaded to simulate the stance phase of normal gait using a validated 6-degree of freedom robot with tendon actuators. Strain gauges were placed at the metaphyseal - diaphyseal junction (Zone II), and the proximal diaphysis (Zone III) to measure principal strain. Specimens were tested in a sneaker-only control condition and ten orthotic conditions, which include combinations of a commercial orthotic insole, three plates, and two foam wedges (Figure 1A). The average peak strain from three simulations were recorded for each orthotic condition. Relevant intrinsic factors were recorded from reconstructions of axially loaded computed tomography scans. A two-way repeated measures ANOVA was conducted to determine the effect of orthotic conditions on fifth metatarsal strains, with significantly correlated intrinsic factors included as covariates. Tukey-Kramer post-hoc analysis with a Bonferroni correction was used to analyze differences between individual orthotic conditions and main effects of components. Results: Metatarsus adductus angle, 4-5 intermetatarsal angle, and Meary’s angle (R2= 0.944; p<0.001) were included as covariates in analysis of Zone III strain. Significant (p<0.05) differences in Zone III strain were found for the both the main effect of a plate and individual orthotic cond itions with statistical adjustment for previously stated intrinsic measurements. However, post- hoc testing revealed no significant differences between non-plate conditions and full plate conditions(p=0.23), lateral plate conditions (p=0.025), or lateral cut plate conditions (p=0.026). Additionally, the Full Plate with Lateral Wedge condition reduced strains by 285 µΕ relative to the sneaker condition, no significant differences (p = 0.07) were found in post-hoc analysis. No significant differences were found in Zone II with the models considered. Conclusion: Zone III strains were shown to be significantly correlated with intrinsic factors in the current analysis. Plate conditions demonstrated a trend towards significant reduction of Zone III strain relative to the sneaker condition, despite failing to achieve statistical significance in conservative post-hoc analysis. However, these results may be clinically significant as the reduction of strain in plate conditions exceeded previously reported significant decreases in the 2nd metatarsal. Correlations found between intrinsic risk factors and strain in this study corroborate with previous studies. This indicates that the effectiveness of foot orthotics to reduce strain is strongly influenced by individual foot structure.

scholarly journals The influence of different screw tightening forces on the vertical misfit of implant-supported frameworks

2005 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 120-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Klee de Vasconcellos ◽  
Marco Antonio Bottino ◽  
Renato Sussumu Nishioka ◽  
Luiz Felipe Valandro ◽  
Elza Maria Valadares da Costa
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Pairwise Comparisons ◽  
Tukey Test ◽  
Nickel Chromium ◽  
Marginal Discrepancy ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
One Way Anova

OBJECTIVES: The present in vitro study was designed to compare the differences in the vertical misfit of implant-supported frameworks using three different forces for tightening the bridge locking screws: fastening by hand until first resistance, and using torque drivers with 10 and 20Ncm. METHODS: The investigation was conducted based on the results given by 9 six-unit nickel-chromium (2 abutments/ 4 pontics) screw-retained implant-supported frameworks. The structures were exposed to simulated porcelain firings. The marginal misfit measurements were made using a traveling measuring microscope at selected screw tightening forces: fastening by hand until first resistance, and using torque drivers with 10 and 20Ncm. The results were submitted to one-way ANOVA with repeated measures on one factor, and post hoc pairwise comparisons using Tukey test (5%). RESULTS: The mean marginal misfit of the frameworks, fastening the screws by hand until first resistance, was 41.56µm (SD±12.45µm). The use of torque driver devices caused a significant reduction in marginal opening (p<0.05). With the lowest torque available (10Ncm), the mean marginal discrepancy at the abutment-framework interface was reduced an average of 52% to a mean marginal opening of 19.71µm (SD±2.97µm). After the use of the 20Ncm torque driver, the mean marginal discrepancy of the frameworks was reduced an average of 69% to a mean marginal opening of 12.82µm (SD±4.0µm). Comparing the use of torque drivers with 10 and 20 Ncm torque, the means are not significantly different from one another. CONCLUSION: The seating force has an important effect on the vertical misfit measurements, once it may considerably narrow the vertical misfit gaps at the abutment-framework interface, thus leading to a misjudgment of the real marginal situation.

scholarly journals Extrinsic Rewards, Occupational Commitment, Career Entrenchment and Career Satisfaction of Dentists

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sakshi Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Affective Commitment ◽  
Career Satisfaction ◽  
Occupational Commitment ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Extrinsic Rewards ◽  
Post Hoc Analysis ◽  
Dental Profession ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
One Way Anova

Information concerning occupational commitment and career satisfaction of dentists in India is incomplete. Satisfaction of dentists with their profession and commitment towards the profession are important determinants of the future of the dental profession. Therefore, the present study examined the relationship between extrinsic rewards and career entrenchment and occupational commitment of dentists. The study also measured the effect of career entrenchment and occupational commitment on career satisfaction of dentists. Data were collected from 85 dentists of two private dental hospitals of Udaipur city, India. Of the total respondents percent (n=48) 56 per cent were male and 44 per cent (n=37) were female. The age of the respondents ranged from 23 to 56 years. 54 per cent of the respondents were employed in their current jobs for less than 10 years and 46 were in the same job for more than 10 years. The data thus collected was analyzed with the help of SPSS 21 using descriptive (mean, standard deviation, percentiles) and inferential statistics (one way ANOVA, post hoc analysis, correlation and multiple regression). The study revealed significant relationship between extrinsic rewards and career entrenchment and affective commitment of dentists. Furthermore, career entrenchment and occupational commitment were found to be significant predictors of career satisfaction. The study puts forward some suggestion for future research in this area.

scholarly journals Normative ground reaction force data for able-bodied and trans-tibial amputee children during running

1993 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Engsberg ◽  
A. G. Lee ◽  
K. G. Tedford ◽  
J. A. Harder
Keyword(s):  
Ground Reaction Force ◽  
Reaction Force ◽  
Force Platform ◽  
Discrete Variables ◽  
Post Hoc Analysis ◽  
Force Time ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Force Data ◽  
One Way Anova

The purpose of this investigation was to develop normative ground reaction force data for able-bodied (AB) and trans-tibial amputee (TTA) children during running. Two hundred AB (mean age 9.4 years, range 7–12) and 21 TTA (mean age 11.1 years, range 5–17) children ran (2.2 m/s±10%) over a force platform. Ground reaction force data were normalized, averaged within groups and plotted to produce force-time curves characterizing the different leg types (i.e. able-bodied, non-prosthetic and prosthetic). In addition, discrete variables characterizing the leg type differences were determined. One way ANOVA determined significant differences between variables and a TukeyB Post Hoc analysis defined which variables were significantly different (p < 0.05). Results generally indicated differences between the three leg types with the non-prosthetic leg indicating greater forces than the prosthetic and AB legs. The results of this investigation provide normative ground reaction force data for both AB and TTA children during running and can be used for comparison with other groups of children.

scholarly journals Comparison of Placido, Scheimpflug and Combined Dual Scheimpflug-Placido Technologies in Evaluating Anterior and Posterior CLMI, SimK's as well as Kmax, in Keratoconic and Postrefractive Surgery Ectasia

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas F Mauger ◽  
Ashraf M Mahmoud ◽  
Cynthia J Roberts ◽  
Lena V Chheda ◽  
Rebecca A Kuennen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Ohio State University ◽  
State University ◽  
Post Hoc Analysis ◽  
Repeated Measures Analysis ◽  
Financial Interests ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Ohio State University ◽  
Map Data ◽  
Post Hoc

ABSTRACT Purpose To calculate and compare cone location and magnitude index (CLMI), Kmax and other corneal measures derived from three different technologies, Placido, Scheimpflug, and a combination dual Scheimpflug-Placido device, from the same group of eyes with keratoconus and postrefractive surgery corneal ectasia. Methods Keratoconus (n = 26) eyes of (n = 19) subjects and postrefractive surgery ectasia (n = 5) eyes of (n = 5) subjects were selected to have measurements performed using the Keratron Scout, Pentacam HR and Galilei Dual Scheimpflug Analyzer. Device-generated SimK's and device-specific CLMI and Kmax indices as well as map data, were exported from each device. Index values for multiple exams were averaged. The map data were processed using The Ohio State University Corneal Topography Tool (OSUCTT) to calculate CLMI parameters, Kmax and SimK values using consistent algorithms on all three devices. Maps were averaged before calculation for multiple examinations. Repeated measures analysis of variance and post- hoc analysis were used to identify differences between devices. Results The anterior axial CLMI calculated from the Keratron data was significantly higher than CLMI for the Galilei (p = 0.0443) or Pentacam (p < 0.0004) with keratoconus, 12.23 compared with 11.20 and 11.00 diopters, respectively. Kmax was also significantly higher in the Keratron than the Galilei (p = 0.0063) or the Pentacam (p < 0.0002). Galilei and Pentacam were not significantly different from each other in either CLMI (p = 0.6287) or Kmax (p = 0.2115). The anterior CLMI values for the postrefractive surgery ectasia eyes were not significantly different between devices. Posterior CLMI values were calculated from the Galilei and Pentacam data and were −2.60 and −2.46 diopters (p = 0.1173) for keratoconus and −2.66 and −3.04 diopters (p = 0.2242) for postrefractive surgery ectasia. Conclusion The small cone Placido measured dioptric values that were greater than the pure Scheimpflug system, but the difference was only about 1 diopter, which is not relevant clinically in evaluating and managing ectasia. The combined dual Scheimpflug-Placido system produced measured dioptric values between the other two technologies. The anterior CLMI calculations accurately predicted keratoconus with all three devices. The posterior CLMI in ectasia may be a potentially valuable calculation in demonstrating asymmetric steepening. How to cite this article Mauger TF, Mahmoud AM, Roberts CJ, Chheda LV, Kuennen RA, Hendershot AJ, Lembach RG. Comparison of Placido, Scheimpflug and Combined Dual Scheimpflug-Placido Technologies in Evaluating Anterior and Posterior CLMI, SimK's as well as Kmax, in Keratoconic and Postrefractive Surgery Ectasia. Int J Keratoco Ectatic Corneal Dis 2012;1(1):44-52. • C Roberts is a Consultant for Oculus Optikgerate GmbH and Ziemer Ophthalmic Systems AG, and has an interest in the GALILEI. • A Mahmoud has an interest in the GALILEI. • T Mauger, L Chheda, R Kuennen, A Hendershot, and R Lembach have no financial interests.

The Evaluation of Joint Mobilization Dosage on Ankle Range of Motion in Individuals With Decreased Dorsiflexion and a History of Ankle Sprain

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Jennifer E. Meyer ◽  
Matthew J. Rivera ◽  
Cameron J. Powden
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Ankle Sprain ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Lower Extremity Injury ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Post Hoc Analysis ◽  
History Of ◽  
Single Data ◽  
Post Hoc

Context: Mulligan’s Mobilization with Movement (MWM) is a common intervention used to address dorsiflexion range of motion (DFROM) impairments. However, the treatment dosage of MWMs varies within the literature. Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the effect of serial MWM application on DFROM. Design: Repeated-measures cohort. Setting: A Midwestern University and the surrounding community. Participants: A total of 18 adults (13 females; age = 29 [12.87] y; DFROM = 30.26° [4.60°]) with decrease dorsiflexion (<40°) participated. Inclusion criteria consisted of a history of ≥1 ankle sprain, ≥18 years old, no lower-extremity injury in the last 6 months, and no history of foot/ankle surgery. Intervention: Participants completed a single data collection session consisting of 10 individual sets of MWMs. Main Outcome Measures: DFROM was taken at baseline and immediately after each intervention set (post 1, post 2, … post 10). DFROM was measured with a digital inclinometer on the anterior aspect of the tibia during the weight-bearing lunge test with the knee straight and knee bent. Analysis of variances examined DFROM changes over time. Post hoc analysis evaluated sequential pairwise comparisons and changes from baseline at each time point. Results: Analysis of variance results indicated a significant time main effect for weight-bearing lunge test with knee bent (P < .001) and a nonsignificant effect for weight-bearing lunge test with knee straight (P < .924). Post hoc analysis indicated improvements in the weight-bearing lunge test with knee bent at each timepoint compared with baseline (P < .005). Post 2 improved compared with post 1 (P = .027). No other pairwise sequential comparisons were significant (P > .417). Conclusions: MWMs significantly improved acute knee bent DFROM and indicated that after 2 sets of MWMs, no further DFROM improvements were identified. Future research should investigate the lasting effects of DFROM improvements with variable MWM dosages.

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