scholarly journals Hidrogeochemical comparative study of the Jaú and Jacaré-Guaçu River watersheds, São Paulo, Brazil

2000 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 563-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. D. G. de SOUZA ◽  
J. G. TUNDISI
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Spatial Variability ◽  
Riparian Forest ◽  
Ionic Concentration ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Forest Protection ◽  
Water Composition ◽  
Oxygenated Water

The main subject of the present work was to carry out a hydrochemistry comparative study between two river basins in São Paulo State: the Jacaré-Guaçu Basin (21°37'-22°22'S and 47°43'-48°57'W) and the Jaú Basin (22°09'-22°28'S and 48°16'-48°47'W). Nine sampling points in the Jacaré-Guaçu River and eight in the Jaú River were established. The water sampling was performed once each two months from March/95 to September/95. The following variables were analyzed: temperature (°C), pH, conductivity (muScm--1), dissolved oxygen (mg/L) and ionic water composition. Comparatively the Jaú River showed higher spatial variability, less oxygenated water and higher mineralization, due to high pedological and geological substrate richness, point sources existence and less riparian forests. The Jacaré-Guaçu River showed less spatial variability, more oxygenated water with lower ionic concentration due to the lower geological and pedological watershed richness, absence of pollution from point sources and higher riparian forest protection.

scholarly journals The vascular flora of Porto Ferreira State Park: an ecotonal area in São Paulo State, southeastern Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Pavan Sabino ◽  
Vitor de Andrade Kamimura ◽  
Renan Borgiani ◽  
Rafael Konopczyk ◽  
Ernesto Pedro Dickfeldt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Riparian Forest ◽  
Vegetation Type ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Vegetation Types ◽  
Conservation Units ◽  
Semideciduous Forest ◽  
Floristic Similarity ◽  
Vascular Flora

Abstract: The Porto Ferreira State Park (PFSP) is located in the State of São Paulo southeastern Brazil, in an intriguing transitional area between the Atlantic Forest and Cerrado - both hotspots of biodiversity - represented mainly by the cerradão (CER), and the seasonal semideciduous forest (SSF), with its alluvial variation vegetation type (riparian forest - RP). Ecotonal areas play an important role in providing ecological and phytogeographic knowledge regarding the flora and vegetation of this region. Despite various studies on the PFSP, knowledge of this region remains fragmented. In this study, we aim to conduct an updated checklist of the PFSP vascular flora, including a compilation of all the studies conducted in this protected area, plus field work carried out by the authors from 2014 to 2017. In addition, given its ecotonal characteristics, we completed a floristic similarity analysis between the PFSP and other floristic surveys that examined the same vegetation types present in this study, to gain a better understanding of their phytogeographic relationships. Overall, 684 species, belonging to 387 genera and 107 families, were recorded. The SSF presented the richest vegetation type (478 species), followed by the CER (418) and the RP (231). The most diverse families were Fabaceae (64 species), Myrtaceae (41), Orchidaceae (39), Rubiaceae (37), Asteraceae (35), Bignoniaceae (26) and Malvaceae (20). Moreover, eight threatened species, at regional and national levels, were found. To date, 412 species have been added to the floristic list produced for the PFSP. The life forms with the highest number of species were trees (286 species), herbs (176) plus shrubs and subshrubs (123). Our research findings indicate floristic patterns with higher levels of similarity among species in geographical proximity, including those in ecotonal areas encompassing different vegetation types. These results rank the PFSP among some of the most species-rich conservation units with seasonal climates, and therefore is of great importance for plant conservation in the southeast of Brazil.

scholarly journals The Evolution of Temporal and Spatial Patterns of Carbon Monoxide Concentrations in the Metropolitan Area of Sao Paulo, Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flavia Noronha Dutra Ribeiro ◽  
Delhi Teresa Paiva Salinas ◽  
Jacyra Soares ◽  
Amauri Pereira de Oliveira ◽  
Regina Maura de Miranda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Spatial Variability ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Heavy Traffic ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Federal Policies ◽  
Weekly Cycle ◽  
Co Concentration ◽  
Two Peaks

The Environmental Agency of Sao Paulo has a large dataset of carbon monoxide measurements: 20 years of records in 18 automatic stations inside the metropolitan area. However, a thorough investigation on the time evolution of CO concentration tendency and cycles also considering spatial variability is lacking. The investigation consists of a trend line analysis, a periodogram analysis, a correlation between CO concentration and meteorological variables, and spatial distribution of CO concentration. Local and federal policies helped in decreasing CO concentrations and the highest decreasing rate was 0.7% per month. This tendency is lately stabilizing, since the vehicles fleet is increasing. CO most relevant cycles are annual and diurnal and a few series indicate a weekly cycle. Diurnal cycle shows two peaks, morning and evening rush hours, 1.2 and 1.1 ppm, respectively, in 2012. However, lately there is an extended evening peak (20 h to 23 h), related to changes in emission patterns. The spatial analysis showed that CO concentration has high spatial variability and is influenced by proximity to heavy traffic and vegetated areas. The present work indicates that several processes affect CO concentration and these results form a valuable basis for other studies involving air quality modeling, mitigation, and urban planning.

THE VEGETATION OF PRIORITY AREAS FOR CERRADO CONSERVATION IN SÃO PAULO STATE, BRAZIL

2003 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. DURIGAN ◽  
M. F. DE SIQUEIRA ◽  
G. A. D. C. FRANCO ◽  
S. BRIDGEWATER ◽  
J. A. RATTER
Keyword(s):  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Riparian Forest ◽  
Detrended Correspondence Analysis ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Vegetation Types ◽  
Widespread Species ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
São Paulo State

Natural cerrado vegetation in São Paulo State now covers less than 7% of its original area and exists only as isolated fragments. Eighty-six sites in these priority cerrado conservation areas were surveyed using a rapid assessment technique. A total of 554 species of vascular plants, belonging to 77 families, was recorded. The vegetation types encountered comprised: campo sujo, campo cerrado, cerrado sensu stricto, cerradão, wet campo, riparian forest, swamp forest, ecotone cerrado/forest and seasonal semi-deciduous forest. Two-Way Indicator Species Analysis (TWINSPAN), Detrended Correspondence Analysis (DCA) and Unweighted Pair-Groups Method using Arithmetic Averages (UPGMA) revealed a weak similarity pattern based on geography, but divided the sites into two main structural groups: (a) areas where more open forms of cerrado occur (cerrado sensu stricto, campo cerrado); (b) areas where only forest physiognomies occur (cerradão, ecotone cerradão/seasonal semi-deciduous forest, or riparian forest). The first group tends to be located in the east and the second in the west of São Paulo State. Cerradão was the most frequent vegetation type, observed in 70% of the sites. Cerrado sensu stricto was recorded in only 31% of the sites. Casearia sylvestris and Byrsonima intermedia were the most widespread species, recorded in 90% and 88% of the sites, respectively. Only 10% of the species were found in 50% or more of the sites, while 19% of species were recorded at a single site only. There was a considerable difference in species number between sites, from a minimum of 29 at Taubaté to a maximum of 185 in one of those at Campos Novos Paulista. As shown in other studies, species richness is directly correlated with diversity of vegetation types occurring at a site (beta diversity). As expected, the seven richest fragments contain ecotonal vegetation, which combines both forest and cerrado elements.

scholarly journals Um estudo comparativo entre a Fundição de Typos Henrique Rosa e a Funtimod | A comparative study between Henrique Rosa Type Foundry and Funtimod

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 419-433
Author(s):  
Isabella Aragão ◽  
Edna Lucia Cunha Lima
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Doctoral Research ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 19Th Century

A partir do começo do século 19, o Brasil abrigou fundições tipográficas habilitadas a manufaturar ou comercializar todo tipo de material utilizado nas oficinas tipográficas, entre elas encontra-se a Fundição de Typos Henrique Rosa, do Rio de Janeiro, e Funtimod – Fundição de Tipos Modernos, de São Paulo. Recentemente, as duas autoras deste artigo desenvolveram pesquisas com foco na firma carioca. Enquanto Edna Lucia Cunha Lima estava interessada na narrativa da família Rosa, Isabella Ribeiro Aragão intencionava responder questões comerciais, levantadas durante sua pesquisa doutoral sobre a Funtimod. Este artigo, portanto, visa contribuir com a história da tipografia no Brasil por meio da relação dos resultados dos estudos realizados, respectivamente, no Rio de Janeiro e Recife.*****Since the beginning of the 19th century, Brazil has housed type foundries qualified to manufacture or commercialize all types of material used at printing workshops, among them the Fundição de Typos Henrique Rosa, from Rio de Janeiro, and Funtimod – Fundição de Tipos Modernos, from São Paulo. Recently, the two authors of this paper have developed researches with interest in the carioca firm. While Edna Lucia Cunha Lima was interested in the story of the Rosa family, Isabella Ribeiro Aragão intended to answer commercial questions raised during her doctoral research on Funtimod. This paper, therefore, aims to contribute to the history of typography in Brazil by the results of the studies carried out, respectively, in Rio de Janeiro and Recife.

scholarly journals Epigean ant communities in Atlantic Forest remnants of São Paulo: a comparative study using the guild concept

2011 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciano Pacelli Medeiros Macedo ◽  
Evoneo Berti Filho ◽  
Jacques Hubert Charles Delabie
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Ant Communities ◽  
Forest Remnants

scholarly journals Macroinvertebrates in low-order streams in two fragments of Atlantic Forest in different states of conservation, in the State of São Paulo (Brazil)

2010 ◽  
Vol 70 (3 suppl) ◽  
pp. 899-909 ◽  
Author(s):  
MC. Paula ◽  
AA Fonseca-Gessner
Keyword(s):  
Riparian Forest ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
The State ◽  
Forest Fragments ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Macroinvertebrate Communities ◽  
Benthic Organisms ◽  
Fluvial System ◽  
Lotic Environments ◽  
Low Order

The presence of a riparian forest is one of the main factors that act directly on the ecology of a fluvial system, and the relation of the forest and the lotic environments might have an important influence on the distribution of the macroinvertebrates. In this context, the benthic macroinvertebrate communities in four low-order streams in São Paulo (Brazil) were analysed, with the aim of assessing the state of recovery of the surrounding forest fragments. The benthic organisms were sampled in the winter, a period of low rainfall. Of the 6,331 specimens of macroinvertebrates collected, 124 taxa belonging to 48 families were identified. The results showed greater diversity in the Canchim Farm streams and greater abundance in the Lake Park streams. Cluster analysis showed that the stream Canchim distanced itself from the others, being considered reference.

scholarly journals Estudo comparativo entre dois instrumentos para classificação de pacientes/ Comparative study between two instruments for classifying patients

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 1498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayara De Fátima Salvini ◽  
Marcia Galan Perroca
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo

Este estudo teve como objetivo comparar a classificação de pacientes por áreas e categorias de cuidados obtidas através da aplicação de duas versões de um instrumento de classificação de pacientes proposto por Perroca (original e nova versão). Noventa pacientes de um hospital de ensino público do interior do Estado de São Paulo foram classificados por 12 enfermeiros, alocados em cinco unidades de internação. Estes profissionais foram divididos em dois grupos e cada um deles aplicou uma versão do instrumento (original e nova) aos mesmos pacientes. A estatística Kappa (ponderado) com 95% de intervalo de confiança foi aplicada para a verificação do grau de concordância entre as duas versões. Encontrou-se kw de 0,60 (IC 95%: 0,49 - 0,70). Os instrumentos apresentaram concordância nas categorias de cuidado em 49/90 pacientes avaliados. Das 41 discordâncias encontradas, na nova versão, 40/41 foram classificados na categoria de cuidados acima da versão original e 1/41 abaixo. A maior concordância foi observada nas categorias de cuidados intensivos e semi-intensivos, e a menor, na categoria de cuidados intermediários. A nova versão do instrumento parece captar mais precisamente a categoria de cuidado do paciente em relação à enfermagem. 

scholarly journals Pathways to Urban Sustainability: An Investigation of the Economic Potential of Untreated Household Solid Waste (HSW) in the City of São Paulo

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (13) ◽  
pp. 5249
Author(s):  
Vilma Geni Slomski ◽  
Ivan Carlos Silva Lima ◽  
Valmor Slomski ◽  
Tiago Slavov
Keyword(s):  
Solid Waste ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Urban Sustainability ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Positive Contribution ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Economic Potential ◽  
Forest Protection

The depletion of natural resources, the useful life of landfill sites, and the amount of garbage accumulating all challenge public policy to manage urban solid waste. We identified the economic potential for unused solid waste (HSW) in São Paulo in 2018 to be USD 637,633,836.04 through descriptive quantitative research and documentary analysis in the collected data. This amount comes from five sources, with the majority coming from internalizing private cost credits (45.58%), followed by recycling (42.21%), carbon credits (5.46%), refuse-derived fuel (3.77%), and organic compounds (2.98%). This potential assumes the implantation of waste sorting plants that generate jobs, reduce public expenses, and provide environmental benefits such as forest protection, water, and minerals. The environmentally adequate final destination of HSW constitutes an economic and socio-environmental measure that enables the reverse logistics of the business sector and urban sustainability. Consequently, the economic potential of HSW, generated from its sorting and marketing, could provide a positive contribution with the mitigation of environmental impacts, in addition to income generation and social inclusion.

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