scholarly journals Effectiveness of silver nitrate compared to talc slurry as pleural sclerosing agent in rabbits. Influence of concomitant intrapleural lidocaine

1999 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 199-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco S. Vargas ◽  
Alipio O. Carmo ◽  
Evaldo Marchi ◽  
Marcelo A.C. Vaz ◽  
Karine P. Ramos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nitrate ◽  
Rabbit Model ◽  
Collagen Fibers ◽  
The Past ◽  
Ideal Agent ◽  
Pleural Fibrosis ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Picrosirius Red ◽  
Better Than ◽  
The Ideal

The ideal agent for producing pleurodesis has not been identified. Talc, the most commonly used, poses several problems. Another possibility is silver nitrate, which was widely used in the past. PURPOSE: To determine the influence of the intrapleural instillation of lidocaine in producing a pleurodesis with silver nitrate, to define the effect of lidocaine in the maturation of the collagen fibers, and to confirm that the pleurodesis after silver nitrate is stronger than after talc. METHODS: We studied three groups of 8 rabbits. Two groups received 0.5% silver nitrate; in one we had previously injected 0.5 ml of 2% lidocaine. The third group received 400 mg/kg talc (2 ml). The animals were sacrificed 28 days after the injection, and the pleural spaces were assessed grossly for evidence of pleurodesis and microscopically for evidence of inflammation and fibrosis. The total amount of pleural collagen and the distribution of thick and thin collagen fibers were quantified. Collagen was identified using picrosirius red stain. RESULTS: In the two groups that received silver nitrate (without lidocaine: 3.5 + 03 and with lidocaine: 3.2 + 0.3), the macroscopic pleurodesis (scale 0 -- 4) was significantly (p = 0.001) better than that resulting from talc (1.6 + 0.2). The mean degree of pleural fibrosis induced by silver nitrate (3.5 + 0.2) was significantly (p = 0.004) higher than that induced by talc (1.9 + 0.1). The previous instillation of lidocaine resulted in a tendency for decreased amounts of fibrosis (3.1 + 0.4). The mean amount (10³mm²) of pleural collagen was significantly (p = 0.009) greater in the rabbits that received silver nitrate (116.9 + 22.7) than in those that received talc (10.7 + 3.4). The injection of lidocaine slightly reduced the collagen (80.1 + 30.3). The distribution of collagen fibers did not differ among the groups. CONCLUSION: This rabbit model clearly confirms that intrapleural silver nitrate is more effective than talc for producing pleurodesis. The previous intrapleural instillation of lidocaine results in a decreasing trend in the amount of collagen, but does not change the effectiveness of the pleural fusion or modify the process of collagen maturation.

scholarly journals A Quantitative Method to Determine the Orientation of Collagen Fibers in the Dermis

2002 ◽  
Vol 50 (11) ◽  
pp. 1469-1474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maril L. Noorlander ◽  
Paris Melis ◽  
Ard Jonker ◽  
Cornelis J.F. Van Noorden
Keyword(s):  
Collagen Fibers ◽  
Experimental Setting ◽  
Structural Element ◽  
Microscopic Method ◽  
Binary Images ◽  
Skin Stretching ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Cryostat Sections ◽  
Picrosirius Red ◽  
Control Skin

We have developed a quantitative microscopic method to determine changes in the orientation of collagen fibers in the dermis resulting from mechanical stress. The method is based on the use of picrosirius red-stained cryostat sections of piglet skin in which collagen fibers reflect light strongly when epipolarization microscopy is used. Digital images of sections were converted into binary images that were analyzed quantitatively on the basis of the length of the collagen fibers in the plane of the section as a measure for the orientation of the fibers. The length of the fibers was expressed in pixels and the mean length of the 10 longest fibers in the image was taken as the parameter for the orientation of the fibers. To test the procedure in an experimental setting, we used skin after 0 and 30 min of skin stretching. The orientation of the fibers in sections of control skin differed significantly from the orientation of fibers in sections of skin that was stretched mechanically for 30 min [76 ± 15 ( n = 5) vs 132 ± 36 ( n = 5)]. The method described here is a relatively simple way to determine (changes in) the orientation of individual collagen fibers in connective tissue and can also be applied for analysis of the orientation of any other structural element in tissues so long as a representative binary image can be created.

Comparison of the Chondrogenic Potential of Free and Vascularized Perichondrium in the Airway

1994 ◽  
Vol 103 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory K. Hartig ◽  
Ramon M. Esclamado ◽  
Steven A. Telian
Keyword(s):  
Rabbit Model ◽  
Cartilage Thickness ◽  
Laryngotracheal Stenosis ◽  
Ischemic Insult ◽  
Model Free ◽  
Chondrogenic Potential ◽  
Airway Reconstruction ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Resistance To Infection ◽  
The Ideal

Revascularized perichondrium or periosteum may be the ideal graft to repair severe laryngotracheal stenosis because of its pliability, potential for bone or cartilage formation, resistance to infection, and rapid mucosalization. To begin our evaluation of these grafts in airway reconstruction, this study was designed to quantify the chondrogenic capacity of free and vascularized perichondrium placed in the airway. In a rabbit model, free auricular perichondrium (N = 16) produced a mean cartilage thickness of 0.15 mm, whereas vascularized auricular perichondrium (N = 18) produced a mean of 0.45 mm at 8 weeks (p < .0001). In a third group of rabbits (N = 4) vascularized auricular perichondrial grafts were subjected to a 2-hour intraoperative ischemic insult in order to simulate the ischemia of revascularization. The mean cartilage thickness at 8 weeks was 0.50 mm. We conclude that in the rabbit model, vascularized perichondrium provides significantly more cartilage than free perichondrial grafts.

scholarly journals The Zero-Point of the IAU Standard Velocity System

1985 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
pp. 583-586
Author(s):  
C. D. Scarfe
Keyword(s):  
Radial Velocity ◽  
Zero Point ◽  
Radial Velocities ◽  
Orbital Elements ◽  
Camera System ◽  
Individual Stars ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Better Than

Radial velocities of bright IAU standards have been obtained photographically over the past decade using the long camera of the DAO 1.2 meter telescope's coudé spectrograph. Most of the stars observed have been found to be constant in velocity to better than 0.15 km/s over that interval. The mean velocities agree with the IAU velocities, on the average, within 0.10 km/s, although mean velocities of some individual stars differ considerably more than this from the IAU value. A preliminary determination of the zero point of the long camera system, and hence of the IAU system, has been made from observations of the asteroid Vesta, whose actual radial velocity has been calculated from its orbital elements.

scholarly journals Lysostaphin Treatment of Experimental Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Aortic Valve Endocarditis

1998 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 1355-1360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael W. Climo ◽  
Roberto L. Patron ◽  
Beth P. Goldstein ◽  
Gordon L. Archer
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Aortic Valve ◽  
Rabbit Model ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Bacterial Counts ◽  
Immunological Reactions ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Staphylococcus Simulans ◽  
Better Than

ABSTRACT The emergence of clinical isolates of methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus with reduced susceptibility to vancomycin has prompted a search for new and novel therapeutic agents active against S. aureus. Lysostaphin, a peptidase produced by Staphylococcus simulans, specifically cleaves the glycine-glycine bonds unique to the interpeptide cross-bridge of theS. aureus cell wall. The effectiveness of various regimens of dosing with intravenous lysostaphin was compared to that of vancomycin in the rabbit model of aortic valve endocarditis caused by a clinical methicillin-resistant S. aureus isolate. All animals were treated for a total of 3 days. The most active regimen, lysostaphin given three times daily, produced sterile vegetations in 10 of 11 treated rabbits, with a mean reduction in vegetation bacterial counts of 8.5 log10 CFU/g compared to the counts in the untreated controls. In contrast, vancomycin given twice daily sterilized no vegetations and reduced vegetation bacterial counts by only 4.8 log10 CFU/g. Lysostaphin given once daily was less effective, reducing mean vegetation bacterial counts by only 3.6 log10 CFU/g, but the combination of lysostaphin once daily and vancomycin twice daily reduced the mean vegetation bacterial density by 7.5 log10 CFU/g, a result that was significantly better than that for either regimen alone (P < 0.05). Lysostaphin was well tolerated by the rabbits, with no evidence of immunological reactions following up to 9 weeks of intravenous administration. We conclude that lysostaphin given alone or in combination with vancomycin is more effective in the treatment of experimental methicillin-resistant S. aureus aortic valve endocarditis than vancomycin alone.

scholarly journals Giant Haemangioma of the Liver: Is Enucleation Better than Resection?

2007 ◽  
Vol 89 (5) ◽  
pp. 490-493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajneesh Kumar Singh ◽  
Sorabh Kapoor ◽  
Peush Sahni ◽  
Tushar K Chattopadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Liver Resection ◽  
Postoperative Morbidity ◽  
Progressive Increase ◽  
Resection Group ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Ideal Method ◽  
Liver Haemangioma ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Made In ◽  
The Ideal

INTRODUCTION Haemangioma is the most common liver tumour. Treatment is indicated for symptomatic tumours, rapid increase in size, rupture or doubt in diagnosis. There is continuing debate regarding the ideal method of surgical treatment for liver haemangiomas, with some surgeons favouring enucleation over liver resection. PATIENTS AND METHODS Retrospective analysis of prospectively compiled database of patients who were surgically treated for liver haemangioma. RESULTS Between 1987 and 2003, we operated on 21 patients with liver haemangioma. Pre-operative diagnosis on imaging was made in 16 patients (13 symptomatic, 3 had progressive increase in size). In five patients, the indication of surgery was uncertain diagnosis. Enucleation was performed in 9 patients and liver resection in 12. The size of the haemangioma was similar in the enucleation and resection groups (8.9 cm versus 10 cm; P = 0.85). The mean intra-operatiive blood loss was significantly less in the enucleation group (400 ml versus 1330 ml; P = 0.004). The mean operative time was significantly less in the enucleation group as compared to the resection group (170 min versus 230 min; P = 0.035). Five patients had major postoperative morbidity in the resection group as compared to none in the enucleation group (P = 0.045). The duration of hospital stay was significantly longer in the resection group.(9.9 days versus 5.6 days; P = 0.005). CONCLUSIONS Enucleation of liver haemangiomas is safer, quicker and associated with less morbidity than liver resection. Except for some situations, such as uncertain diagnosis or total replacement of a lobe, we recommend enucleation as the surgical procedures of choice for the treatment of hepatic haemangiomas.

The Tyranny of the Ideal

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald Gaus
Keyword(s):  
Political Philosophy ◽  
Moral Life ◽  
Moral Inquiry ◽  
Open Society ◽  
The Past ◽  
Theories Of Justice ◽  
The World ◽  
Diverse Society ◽  
Just Society ◽  
The Ideal

This book lays out a vision for how we should theorize about justice in a diverse society. It shows how free and equal people, faced with intractable struggles and irreconcilable conflicts, might share a common moral life shaped by a just framework. The book argues that if we are to take diversity seriously and if moral inquiry is sincere about shaping the world, then the pursuit of idealized and perfect theories of justice—essentially, the entire production of theories of justice that has dominated political philosophy for the past forty years—needs to change. Drawing on recent work in social science and philosophy, the book points to an important paradox: only those in a heterogeneous society—with its various religious, moral, and political perspectives—have a reasonable hope of understanding what an ideally just society would be like. However, due to its very nature, this world could never be collectively devoted to any single ideal. The book defends the moral constitution of this pluralistic, open society, where the very clash and disagreement of ideals spurs all to better understand what their personal ideals of justice happen to be. Presenting an original framework for how we should think about morality, this book rigorously analyzes a theory of ideal justice more suitable for contemporary times.

Green Synthesis and Enhanced CO2 Capture Performance of Perfluorinated Cerium-Based Metal-Organic Frameworks with UiO-66 and MIL-140 Topology

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto D’Amato ◽  
Anna Donnadio ◽  
Mariolino Carta ◽  
Claudio Sangregorio ◽  
Riccardo Vivani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Metal Organic Frameworks ◽  
Isosteric Heat ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Cerium Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Ideal Adsorbed Solution Theory ◽  
Metal Organic ◽  
Adsorbed Solution ◽  
Better Than ◽  
The Ideal

Reaction of cerium ammonium nitrate and tetrafluoroterephthalic acid in water afforded two new metal-organic frameworks with UiO-66 [F4_UiO-66(Ce)] and MIL-140 [F4_MIL-140A(Ce)] topologies. The two compounds can be obtained in the same experimental conditions, just by varying the amount of acetic acid used as crystallization modulator in the synthesis. Both F4_UiO-66(Ce) and F4_MIL-140A(Ce) feature pores with size < 8 Å, which classifies them as ultramicroporous. Combination of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and magnetic susceptibility measurements revealed that both compounds contain a small amount of Ce(III), which is preferentially accumulated near the surface of the crystallites. The CO<sub>2</sub> sorption properties of F4_UiO-66(Ce) and F4_MIL-140A(Ce) were investigated, finding that they perform better than their Zr-based analogues. F4_MIL-140A(Ce) displays an unusual S-shaped isotherm with steep uptake increase at pressure < 0.2 bar at 298 K. This makes F4_MIL-140A(Ce) exceptionally selective for CO<sub>2</sub> over N<sub>2</sub>: the calculated selectivity, according to the ideal adsorbed solution theory for a 0.15:0.85 mixture at 1 bar and 293 K, is higher than 1900, amongst the highest ever reported for metal-organic frameworks. The calculated isosteric heat of CO<sub>2 </sub>adsorption is in the range of 38-40 kJ mol<sup>-1</sup>, indicating a strong physisorptive character.

Implementasi Algoritma Hamming Distance dan Brute Force dalam Mendeteksi Kemiripan Source Code Bahasa Pemrograman C

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Budiman ◽  
Dennis Gunawan ◽  
Seng Hansun
Keyword(s):  
College Presidents ◽  
Hamming Distance ◽  
Source Code ◽  
Structural Type ◽  
Brute Force ◽  
Important Thing ◽  
The Past ◽  
Index Terms ◽  
Better Than

Plagiarism is a behavior that causes violence of copyrights. Survey shows 55% of college presidents say that plagiarism in students’ papers has increased over the past 10 years. Therefore, an application for detecting plagiarism is needed, especially for teachers. This plagiarism checker application is made by using Visual C# 2010. The plagiarism checker uses hamming distance algorithm for matching line code of the source code. This algorithm works by matching the same length string of the code programs. Thus, it needs brute will be matched with hamming distance. Another important thing for detecting plagiarism is the preprocessing, which is used to help the algorithm for detecting plagiarized source code. This paper shows that the application works good in detecting plagiarism, the hamming distance algorithm and brute force algorithm works better than levenstein distance algorithm for detecting structural type of plagiarism and this thesis also shows that the preprocessing could help the application to increase its percentage and its accuracy. Index Terms—Brute Force, Hamming Distance, Plagiarisme, Preprocessing.

NDBEPR PROCESS OPTIMIZATION IN SBRs: REDUCTION OF EXTERNAL CARBON-SOURCE AND OXYGEN SUPPLY

1994 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 169-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl Demuynck ◽  
Peter Vanrolleghem ◽  
Carine Mingneau ◽  
Jan Liessens ◽  
Willy Verstraete
Keyword(s):  
Process Optimization ◽  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Numerical Optimization ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Nitrification Rate ◽  
Aeration Time ◽  
Time Scheduling ◽  
Better Than ◽  
The Ideal

In SBR plants for nutrient removal it is often necessary to add supplementary rbCOD during the anoxic phase to obtain complete nitrogen removal. In addition to the aeration, this supply of high-quality BOD is a non-negligible part in the operating costs. Because of the complexity of the bighly interconnected biological processes a heuristic approach for process optimization is hardly possible. Therefore the Nitrification Denitrification Biological Excess Phosphorus Removal (NDBEPR) model of Wentzel et al. and a numerical optimization a1goritbm were used to optimize SBR time scheduling, i.e. minimize both effluent concentrations and operating costs. It was found that a sequence of short aerobic/anoxic phases appears to be better than the usual sequence (one aerobic phase followed by one anoxic phase). This result was validated on a 500 I scale SBR. The optimized process saves up to 50% on extra BOD supply and up to 30% on aeration time. Moreover, it was shown that these cost savings were not at the expense of the phosphorus removal efficiency or the nitrification rate. From an additional numerical optimization it was seen that the ideal SBR time scheduling may depend on the loading. Therefore. a control strategy hased on OUR and ORP measurements is proposed.

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