scholarly journals Nurses in post-operative heart surgery: professional competencies and organization strategies

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 474-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Paula Azevedo Santos ◽  
Silvia Helena Henriques Camelo ◽  
Fabiana Cristina dos Santos ◽  
Laura Andrian Leal ◽  
Beatriz Regina da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Heart Surgery ◽  
Practical Knowledge ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Collective Case Study ◽  
Management Personnel ◽  
Continued Education ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Individual Strategies ◽  
And Training

Abstract OBJECTIVE To analyze nurses' competencies with regard to their work in post-operative heart surgery and the strategies implemented to mobilize these competencies. METHOD This was an exploratory study with a qualitative approach and a methodological design of collective case study. It was carried out in three post-operative heart surgery units, consisting of 18 nurses. Direct observation and semi-structured interviews were employed to collect data. Data were construed through thematic analysis. RESULTS nine competencies were found, as follows: theoretical-practical knowledge; high-complexity nursing care; nursing supervision; leadership in nursing; decision making; conflict management; personnel management; material and financial resources management; and on-job continued education. Organizational and individual strategies were employed to develop and improve competencies such as regular offerings of courses and lectures, in addition to the individual pursuit for knowledge and improvement. CONCLUSION the study is expected to lead future nurses and training centers to evaluate the need for furthur training required to work in cardiac units, and also the need for implementing programs aimed at developing the competencies of these professionals.

scholarly journals A collective case study of supervision and competence judgments on the inpatient internal medicine ward

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tristen Gilchrist ◽  
Rose Hatala ◽  
Andrea Gingerich
Keyword(s):  
Internal Medicine ◽  
Clinical Supervision ◽  
Clinical Teaching ◽  
Senior Resident ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Collective Case Study ◽  
Teaching Unit ◽  
Competency Based ◽  
Trainee Competence

Abstract Introduction Workplace-based assessment in competency-based medical education employs entrustment-supervision scales to suggest trainee competence. However, clinical supervision involves many factors and entrustment decision-making likely reflects more than trainee competence. We do not fully understand how a supervisor’s impression of trainee competence is reflected in their provision of clinical support. We must better understand this relationship to know whether documenting level of supervision truly reflects trainee competence. Methods We undertook a collective case study of supervisor-trainee dyads consisting of attending internal medicine physicians and senior residents working on clinical teaching unit inpatient wards. We conducted field observations of typical daily activities and semi-structured interviews. Data was analysed within each dyad and compared across dyads to identify supervisory behaviours, what triggered the behaviours, and how they related to judgments of trainee competence. Results Ten attending physician-senior resident dyads participated in the study. We identified eight distinct supervisory behaviours. The behaviours were enacted in response to trainee and non-trainee factors. Supervisory behaviours corresponded with varying assessments of trainee competence, even within a dyad. A change in the attending’s judgment of the resident’s competence did not always correspond with a change in subsequent observable supervisory behaviours. Discussion There was no consistent relationship between a trigger for supervision, the judgment of trainee competence, and subsequent supervisory behaviour. This has direct implications for entrustment assessments tying competence to supervisory behaviours, because supervision is complex. Workplace-based assessments that capture narrative data including the rationale for supervisory behaviours may lead to deeper insights than numeric entrustment ratings.

scholarly journals The influence of environment: Experiences of users of myoelectric arm prosthesis—a qualitative study

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cathrine Widehammar ◽  
Ingvor Pettersson ◽  
Gunnel Janeslätt ◽  
Liselotte Hermansson
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Environmental Aspects ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Environmental Barriers ◽  
Myoelectric Prosthesis ◽  
Local Access ◽  
People’S Attitudes ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact ◽  
And Training

Background: Prostheses are used to varying degrees; however, little is known about how environmental aspects influence this use. Objectives: To describe users’ experiences of how environmental factors influence their use of a myoelectric arm prosthesis. Study design: Qualitative and descriptive. Methods: A total of 13 patients previously provided with a myoelectric prosthetic hand participated. Their age, sex, deficiency level, etiology, current prosthesis use, and experience varied. Semi-structured interviews were audiotaped, transcribed, and analyzed through inductive content analysis. Results: Four categories were created from the data: “Prosthesis function,” “Other people’s attitudes,” “Support from family and healthcare,” and “Individual’s attitude and strategies.” The overarching theme, “Various degrees of embodiment lead to different experiences of environmental barriers and facilitators,” emerged from differences in individual responses depending on whether the individual was a daily or a non-daily prosthesis user. Environmental facilitators such as support from family and healthcare and good function and fit of the prosthesis seemed to help the embodiment of the prosthesis, leading to daily use. This embodiment seemed to reduce the influence of environmental barriers, for example, climate, attitudes, and technical shortcomings. Conclusion: Embodiment of prostheses seems to reduce the impact of environmental barriers. Support and training may facilitate the embodiment of myoelectric prosthesis use. Clinical relevance For successful prosthetic rehabilitation, environmental factors such as support and information to the patient and their social network about the benefits of prosthesis use are important. Local access to training in myoelectric control gives more people the opportunity to adapt to prosthesis use and experience less environmental barriers.

Requirements Culture: A Case Study on Product Development and Requirement Perspectives

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Vittoria Elena ◽  
Chase Wentzky ◽  
Joshua D. Summers
Keyword(s):  
Product Development ◽  
Engineering Design ◽  
Employee Engagement ◽  
Project Managers ◽  
Vice Presidents ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Large Power ◽  
Tool Company ◽  
The Individual

Abstract A desire to better understand requirements and their uses within product development inspired this case study conducted at a large power tool company. Researchers were interested in determining if a requirements culture existed within the company investigated, how this culture varied across departments, and how individuals at the company viewed requirements in engineering design. Ten semi-structured interviews were conducted by five teams of interviewers over the course of two months to answer these questions. Employees in various positions across the company were interviewed in the study including Project Engineers, a CAD Designer, an Industrial Designer, Project Managers, and Vice Presidents. Through a detailed analysis of the interview transcripts and documentation, it was determined that the company did have a definite requirement culture and that the transfer of requirements across departments must remain consistent for the individual groups to be effective. Furthermore, it was found that employee engagement with requirements was more significant with those who were involved in the early stages of product development.

scholarly journals Evolution of the Physical and Social Spaces of ‘Village Resettlement Communities’ from the Production of Space Perspective: A Case Study of Qunyi Community in Kunshan

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (16) ◽  
pp. 2980
Author(s):  
Lei Zhou ◽  
Liyang Xiong
Keyword(s):  
Social Space ◽  
Social Spaces ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Production Of Space ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Government Power ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Individual

Village resettlement communities (VRCs) are a special type of urban community that the government has promoted considerably during China’s rapid urbanization. This study uses the theory of the production of space as a basis to explore the processes and mechanisms of the physical and social space evolution of VRCs through a case study of Qunyi Community, one of the largest VRCs in Kunshan. Questionnaires and semi-structured interviews were employed in this study. Results indicate that the coupling relationship between local government power and diversified capital is the fundamental reason that promotes the production of macrophysical space. Moreover, the economic and social relationships among residents promote the reproduction of microsocial space. Landless farmers are the most important spatial producers in the microsocial space. The individual needs and cultural differences of immigrant workers also have significant effects on microspatial production. Furthermore, the production and reproduction of the physical and social spaces, respectively, of VRCs deduce the adjustment relationship among the urbanization processes of land, population, and individuals. Results also indicate that the urbanization of individuals appears to lag behind the previous two processes. This study can provide a theoretical basis for the spatial renovation and management optimization of VRCs, as well as the promotion of a new type of “people-centered” urbanization.

Energy conservation and sustainability at Adobe Systems Incorporated

Facilities ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (3/4) ◽  
pp. 139-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Graebert ◽  
Martin Fischer
Keyword(s):  
Energy Conservation ◽  
Third Party ◽  
San Jose ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Energy Star ◽  
Performance Benchmarking ◽  
Management Personnel ◽  
Sustainability Program

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to analyze a successful sustainability program run by an owner that has invested $23 million, received rebates of $10 million, accrued over $9 million of savings and has won top scores in LEED and Energy Star. Other owners planning to invest in energy conservation and sustainability can apply the lessons learnt to overcome common barriers. Design/methodology/approach – This case study is based on project information supplied by the owner and structured interviews with the operational team. The projects are analyzed based on drivers and payback characteristics. Finally, the case study puts Adobe Systems' results within the context of the industry by matching it to the challenges identified in other reports. Findings – The results show that 40 percent of projects are initiated by operation management personnel. The projects with the biggest savings are supported by third-party incentives. Only 10 percent of projects are evaluated by simulation and account for 12 percent of annual savings. Energy Star plays a crucial role for benchmarking performance and should be run annually. LEED EB is valuable when expending conservation efforts beyond energy aspects to sustainability. Performance benchmarking is a crucial step to determine the potential and priority of energy improvements. Research limitations/implications – The findings are based on the three towers in San Jose, California. Practical implications – Building owners can incorporate the methodologies applied to evaluate these successful projects into their buildings. Facility managers can leverage the findings to present the advantages of recertification and commissioning. Originality/value – A detailed project analysis, from a leader in practice, shows the importance of the local building operations team in sustainability and energy conservation.

Ahead of the Curve: Implementation Challenges in Personalized Learning School Models

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 454-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea J. Bingham ◽  
John F. Pane ◽  
Elizabeth D. Steiner ◽  
Laura S. Hamilton
Keyword(s):  
School Change ◽  
Personalized Learning ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Collective Case Study ◽  
Implementation Challenges ◽  
Learning School ◽  
Cultural Historical Activity ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Design And Practice

In the current educational context, school models that leverage technology to personalize instruction have proliferated, as has student enrollment in, and funding of, such school models. However, even the best laid plans are subject to challenges in design and practice, particularly in the dynamic context of a school. In this collective case study, we identify challenges, disruptions, and contradictions as they occur across schools engaged in implementing technology-mediated personalized learning. Using cultural historical activity theory—a theoretical framework concerned with the individual and contextual factors influencing school change—to frame the analysis, we also examine some of the structural and contextual sources of these disruptions and contradictions. Our findings enable us to offer recommendations for policymakers and for practitioners engaged in implementing personalized learning models, as well as directions for future research on this topic.

scholarly journals Relationships, Socialization and Combat Veterans: The Impact of Receiving and Training a Service Dog

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diane Scotland-Coogan
Keyword(s):  
Combat Veterans ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
Veterans Administration ◽  
Civilian Life ◽  
Collective Case Study ◽  
Service Dog ◽  
Perception Of Self ◽  
The Impact ◽  
And Training

The impact of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) on our combat veterans and their families is extensive. Without support, negative outlook, lack of trust in others, negative perception of self, and lack of trust in one’s judgment persist. The support of loved ones is essential to treatment adherence and rehabilitation (Meis, Barry, Kehle, Erbes, & Polusny, 2010). The Veterans Administration (VA) has been using canines to assist combat veterans in reintegrating into civilian life, and most currently as a part of psychological therapy (Rubenstein, 2012). This research examined the impact of receiving and training a service dog on combat veterans with PTSD using Stake’s collective case study model. Interviews were conducted with fifteen combat veterans diagnosed with PTSD participating in a 14-week program for receiving and training their own service dog. Anger symptom severity decreases were reported, which had the residual effects of improved relationships and socialization.

scholarly journals Experiences of Siblings of Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maureen E. Angell ◽  
Hedda Meadan ◽  
Julia B. Stoner
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Case Study Research ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Support Needs ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Collective Case Study ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Spectrum Disorders

The purpose of this study was to explore the experiences of siblings of individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) and identify their self-reported support needs. We conducted in-person semi-structured interviews with 12 siblings aged 7 to 15 of children aged 6 to 15 with ASDs. Employing a qualitative collective case study research method, we conducted cross-case analyses to address our research questions. Three major themes emerged: (a) descriptions of the sibling subsystem (b) cohesion between and among the siblings, and (c) adaptability of the participant siblings to having family members with ASDs. Discussion of these findings and recommendations for future research contributes to the existing literature on siblings of children with disabilities.

scholarly journals Marvinter: A case study of an inclusive transmedia storytelling production

2020 ◽  
pp. 135485652092397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenny Brusk ◽  
Henrik Engström
Keyword(s):  
Digital Game ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Work Processes ◽  
Shared Resources ◽  
Cultural Experience ◽  
Game Development ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Mobile Game ◽  
The Individual

This article examines how the unique characteristics of Marvinter, an inclusive transmedia Advent calendar, affected its production and the individual media workers involved in this. In the native transmedia Marvinter project, a radio series and a mobile game were created and released simultaneously. Using ‘partly shared’ resources, the project was developed by two collaborating, non-profit organisations. Each chapter of the digital game had to match the corresponding radio episode. The whole had to be designed to provide a shared cultural experience that included people with hearing or visual impairments. The authors of the present article were part of the game development team and thus directly experienced the complexity of developing a digital game as part of a transmedia project. This article presents the results of a case study with an insider perspective. It is supplemented by semi-structured interviews with key people in the project. The transmedia nature of Marvinter was justified by the need to include people with complementary disabilities. Although sometimes associated with negative connotations of ‘naked commercialisation’ in transmedia contexts, the marketing strategy was here an important element in promoting inclusivity. However, owing to the concurrent work processes, game production became overly complex.

Living with dementia: the felt worth of support workers

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Leigh Anne Hale ◽  
Matthew Lee Jenkins ◽  
Beth Mayland ◽  
Yvette Buttery ◽  
Pauline Norris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Significant Finding ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Individual Strategies ◽  
Private Homes

Abstract Considering the important role that paid support workers play in care of older people with dementia, it is vital that researchers and relevant organisations understand the factors that lead to them feeling valued for the work that they do, and the consequences of such valuing (or lack thereof). The current study employed semi-structured interviews to understand the individual experiences of 15 support workers based both in residential care homes and private homes. The General Inductive Approach was used to analyse the interview transcriptions and to develop a conceptual model that describes the conditions that lead to support workers feeling valued for the work that they do. This model consists of organisational or individual strategies, the context in which support work takes place, and various interactions, actions and intervening conditions that facilitate or prevent support workers feeling valued. A significant finding in this research was the role of interpersonal relationships and interactions which underlie all other aspects of the conceptual model developed here. By understanding the importance of how employers, families of older adults with dementia and peers interact with support workers, we may promote not only the quality of work that support workers deliver, but also the wellbeing of the support workers themselves.

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