Extramedullary plasmacytoma in a captive collared peccary (Pecari tajacu)

Abstract: An extramedullary plasmacytoma case in a captive collared peccary (Pecari tajacu) is reported. The animal, a female aging three years old, had a medical history of diffusely distributed skin and mucocutaneous junction lesions, associated with swollen lymph nodes. Clinical examination and complementary exams (complete blood count, biochemical analysis, skin scraping to search mites and fungal culture) were performed. Thirty days after examination, the animal died. At necropsy, multiple consistent nodules, aseptic pustules and swollen lymph nodes were found. On histological exams of the skin and oral mucosa, we observed a large number of round cells forming masses organized in nests, sheets, and cords of cells in a well-vascularized fibrovascular tissue. Neoplastic plasma cells infiltrated between the fibers and the lamina propria of smooth muscle. Spaces among the cell masses were filled with some eosinophil and fluid. Most of the cells were well differentiated, presenting a perinuclear clear zone. In some points, the cells were pleomorphic. The plasma cells presented eccentric, basophilic and spherical nuclei, showing a dense to organized chromatin with distinct nucleoli. Binucleate cells were observed, but multinucleated giant cells were rare. Oral mucosa and lymph nodes tested by immunohistochemical analyses were positive for Mb-1, with a multifocal distribution. In regard to Bcl-2, the neoplastic cells were intermittent weakly positive. So, an extramedullary plasmacytoma was diagnosed in the collared peccary considering the location, the histopathological and immunohistochemical findings.

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STUDIES OF THE LYMPHATIC TISSUE

Journal of Experimental Medicine ◽

10.1084/jem.49.3.361 ◽

1929 ◽

Vol 49 (3) ◽

pp. 361-386 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Wilhelm Ehrich

Keyword(s):

Endothelial Cells ◽

Lymph Nodes ◽

Plasma Cells ◽

Giant Cells ◽

Interstitial Tissue ◽

Lymphatic Tissue ◽

Cervical Lymph Nodes ◽

Peripheral Lymph ◽

Small Doses ◽

Primary Reactions

In 87 rabbits, some of which received intravenously at various intervals small, and some large, doses of killed staphylococci, the following findings were obtained. 1. There occurred a hyperplasia of lymph nodes, spleen and thymus, that is to say, a status thymicolymphaticus. This phenomenon is explained as due to immediate local irritation caused by bacteria and their products and by certain "toxins" partly of exogenous, partly of endogenous, origin. 2. The lymphocytosis which appeared was parallel in time and degree with the hyperplasia of the peripheral lymph nodes (axillary, popliteal and cervical lymph nodes) and probably originated in the pseudo-secondary nodules of these nodes. 3. There occurred intense mesenchymal reaction in the vascular connective tissue of the lungs, liver and spleen and after large doses slighter ones in adrenals, kidneys and heart. These reactions correspond with Oeller's adventitial reactions and Siegmund's intima proliferations. In the interstitial tissue of these organs as well as in the walls of the minor vessels proliferations of cells, partly of the type of lymphocytes and plasma cells, partly of that of histiocytes and reticulo-endothelial cells, appeared, which, after large doses, were mixed with many giant cells of Langerhans' type. After small doses lymphocytes and plasma cells predominated, after large doses histiocytes and reticulo-endothelial cells. Because these reactions occurred immediately after the first injection, they can be regarded as primary reactions of the organism to bacteria and their products.

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Pseudo-Malignant Necrotic Histiocytosis of Lymph Nodes in Children. A Report of 2 Cases

Tumori Journal ◽

10.1177/030089167806400108 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 64 (1) ◽

pp. 71-76 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Christian Micheau

Keyword(s):

Lymph Nodes ◽

Plasma Cells ◽

Laboratory Data ◽

Giant Cells ◽

Intermittent Fever ◽

Inappropriate Use ◽

Microscopic Evaluation ◽

Radical Therapy ◽

Diagnostic Difficulties ◽

The Moment

Dorfman and Warnke (3) have previously described varieties of lymphadenopathy simulating malignant lymphomas, and they have emphasized the diagnostic difficulties encountered. At the Gustave-Roussy Institute, we have observed 2 cases of lymphadenopathy, in young boys, which mimicked lymphoma. No reference to the particular clinical and histological features of this disorder could be found in the literature. The boys, 2 and 3 years of age, presented with massive cervical adenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly and intermittent fever, associated with a chronic nasopharyngitis, anemia and eosinophilia. Specific adenitis could be eliminated on the basis of laboratory data. No definite diagnosis could be established upon microscopic evaluation of the nodes. None of the pathologists, asked in consultation, was able to determine whether the lesion was malignant or not. Under these circumstances, 1 of the patients was treated by methotrexate and steroids, and the other by radiotherapy, neither with complete success. Fever and adenopathy continued off and on over a period of 5 years. However, at 7 years follow-up, both patients are now without evidence of disease. Microscopically, the features of the lymph nodes of these 2 patients were quite similar. Lymphoid tissue was more or less replaced by a diffuse histiocytosis with necrotic areas. Giant cells and macrophages could be found in the vicinity of the necrotic areas. Plasma cells, eosinophils, mast cells and bizarre cells simulating Reed-Sternberg cells were also observed. It was necessary to rule out 4 major diagnoses: Letterer-Siwe disease, sinus histiocytosis of Rosai and Dorfman, malignant histiocytosis, and Hodgkin's disease of the epithelioid type. The possibility of a new entity, which appears to have a self-limited course, must be recognized, if inappropriate use of radical therapy is to be avoided. The etiology of this pseudo-malignant necrotic histiocytosis is not clear and, for the moment, no precise pathogenesis can be proposed.

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A stranger in the family? On the social behavior of a leucistic collared peccary (Pecari tajacu) with pigmented conspecifics

Tropical Ecology ◽

10.1007/s42965-019-00036-x ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 60 (2) ◽

pp. 303-305

Author(s):

Valdir Leite da Silva ◽

José Cândido ◽

José Nelson Campanha ◽

Doraci R. de Oliveira ◽

Carla Gheler-Costa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Social Behavior ◽

The Social ◽

The Family ◽

Pecari Tajacu ◽

Collared Peccary

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Hepatocellular carcinoma with regional lymphadenopathy caused by sarcoid-like reaction: a case report

Surgical Case Reports ◽

10.1186/s40792-021-01146-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Tomoko Mizota ◽

Masato Suzuoki ◽

Saya Kaku ◽

Kenichi Mizunuma ◽

Kazuto Ohtaka ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽

Lymph Node ◽

Lymph Nodes ◽

Granulomatous Inflammation ◽

Giant Cells ◽

Epithelioid Cell ◽

Imaging Modalities ◽

Hepatoduodenal Ligament ◽

Regional Lymph Nodes ◽

Multiple Imaging

Abstract Background Sarcoid-like reaction (SLR) is a histological pattern of granulomatous inflammation that is clinically differentiated from sarcoidosis. Since SLR is known to occur in several neoplasias and occasionally causes lymphadenopathy and mimics metastatic malignancy, it needs to be considered whether lymphadenopathy is due to metastasis or SLR for the choice of cancer treatment. Few cases of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with SLR have been reported. Here, a case of HCC with lymphadenopathy diagnosed as SLR without metastasis is presented. Case presentation A 69-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital because of upper abdominal pain. She tested positive for hepatitis C virus ribonucleic acid. Imaging modalities showed an 81 × 65-mm-sized tumor with multiple nodules in segment 3 and a 17 × 12-mm-sized tumor in segment 5 with a common HCC enhancement pattern. In addition, a lymph node in the hepatoduodenal ligament was enlarged at 13 mm in size, suggesting the metastasis of HCC. Hepatectomy of the lateral segment and segment 5 and lymph node dissection in the hepatoduodenal ligament were performed. Both tumors in segments 3 and 5 were pathologically diagnosed as HCC without vessel invasion. The tumors contained necrotic cells and epithelioid cell granulomas with multinucleated giant cells, which is typically observed in sarcoidosis. The dissected lymph nodes also contained epithelioid cell granulomas, as well as giant cells with asteroid bodies. There was no malignancy in the lymph nodes. The pathological findings suggested the coexistence of malignancy and sarcoidosis. However, since the patient did not show any typical findings of pulmonary or cardiac sarcoidosis, the case was diagnosed as HCC with SLR in the primary lesion and regional lymph nodes. Conclusions SLR needs to be considered in the differential diagnosis when a cancer patient develops lymphadenopathy. However, lymphadenopathy due to SLR is indistinguishable from that due to metastasis even when using multiple imaging modalities. Pathological examinations may be helpful for the diagnosis.

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HETEROGENEITY OF ANTIBODY-FORMING CELLS

Journal of Experimental Medicine ◽

10.1084/jem.129.5.1029 ◽

1969 ◽

Vol 129 (5) ◽

pp. 1029-1044 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Cesare Bosman ◽

Joseph D. Feldman ◽

Edgar Pick

Keyword(s):

Lymph Nodes ◽

Plasma Cells ◽

Specific Antigen ◽

Cell Suspensions ◽

Electron Microscopic ◽

Cytoplasmic Vacuoles ◽

Draining Lymph Nodes

Cell suspensions from draining lymph nodes of immune and nonimmune rats were reacted in vitro with 125I-labeled antigens. In light microscopic radioautographs of smears, 17% of the immunized cells were tagged by specific antigen; 2.0% of control cells were positive. In electron microscopic radioautographs, 90% of the labeled elements from immune donors were lymphocytes, blast and plasma cells; 10% were monocytes-macrophages or other elements, including naked nuclei. 15% of the labeled cells from control materials were lymphocytes and plasma cells, while 85% were monocytes-macrophages and naked nuclei. Within cell suspensions derived from immunized animals there were almost twice as many lymphocytes marked by isotope as plasma cells, and the lymphocytes ranged in morphology from mature monoribosomal elements to immature polyribosomal cells. Antibody-forming cells fixed labeled antigen at their surfaces. The monocyte-macrophage class was distinguished by a high mean grain count and by distribution of grains within cytoplasmic vacuoles and lysosomes.

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A Decade of Imaging Cellular Motility and Interaction Dynamics in the Immune System

Science ◽

10.1126/science.1221063 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 336 (6089) ◽

pp. 1676-1681 ◽

Cited By ~ 235

Author(s):

Ronald N. Germain ◽

Ellen A. Robey ◽

Michael D. Cahalan

Keyword(s):

Lymph Nodes ◽

Live Cell Imaging ◽

Quantitative Measurement ◽

Cell Imaging ◽

Plasma Cells ◽

Effector T Cells ◽

Cellular Interactions ◽

Cellular Motility ◽

Response Dynamics

To mount an immune response, lymphocytes must recirculate between the blood and lymph nodes, recognize antigens upon contact with specialized presenting cells, proliferate to expand a small number of clonally relevant lymphocytes, differentiate to antibody-producing plasma cells or effector T cells, exit from lymph nodes, migrate to tissues, and engage in host-protective activities. All of these processes involve motility and cellular interactions—events that were hidden from view until recently. Introduced to immunology by three papers in this journal in 2002, in vivo live-cell imaging studies are revealing the behavior of cells mediating adaptive and innate immunity in diverse tissue environments, providing quantitative measurement of cellular motility, interactions, and response dynamics. Here, we review themes emerging from such studies and speculate on the future of immunoimaging.

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LARYNGOTRACHEITIS VIRUS IN CHICKENS

Journal of Experimental Medicine ◽

10.1084/jem.125.3.409 ◽

1967 ◽

Vol 125 (3) ◽

pp. 409-428 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Betsy G. Bang ◽

Frederik B. Bang

Keyword(s):

Alcian Blue ◽

Plasma Cells ◽

Giant Cells ◽

Functional Restoration ◽

Nasal Fossa ◽

Blue Staining ◽

Alcian Blue Staining ◽

Cell Nuclei ◽

Histochemical Change ◽

Laryngotracheitis Virus

Infectious laryngotracheitis can be produced in chickens as an experimental model of severe nonfatal rhinitis and sinusitis. Inoculated intranasally into unanesthetized baby chicks it remains limited to the nasal fossa, produces acute desquamation of all nasal epithelia, results in functional recovery of the respiratory epithelium, but leaves important residual abnormalities. From the earliest recognizable lesions through 4½ months' convalescence, the principal changes are as follows: 1. Initial lesions, or small syncytia of intranuclear "inclusions", first identifiable in the mucociliated cells of the shallowest portion of the epithelium at about 21 hr postinoculum (the inner surface of the maxillary conchal scroll). 2. Acute sloughing, (about 3 to 7 days), marked by: (a) spread of lesions from cell to cell via multinucleated "giant cells" which progressively slough and desquamate respiratory, olfactory, and sinus epithelia, epithelial neural elements and blood vessels; (b) appearance of numbers of eosinophilic leukocytes along the basement membrane at the sites of lesions just previous to sloughing; intensive infiltration of the submucosa with small lymphocytes after sloughing begins; (c) histochemical change in the intracellular mucus of the cells which comprise the syncytia: this mucus stains with Alcian blue alone when stained with AB-PAS; and (d) all cartilages of the maxillary conchae become flaccid, and the cell nuclei and matrix lose both basophilic and Alcian blue staining properties, effects which recede by about the 8th day. 3. Repair (about 8 to 21 days), marked by rapid initial spread of a sheet of epithelial cells over the infiltrated subrmucosa, appearance of numbers of plasma cells circulating in the tissues, formation of encapsulated secondary nodules, and mucosal adhesions. 4. Convalescence (about 1 to 4½ months when experiments terminated), marked by functional restoration of the mucociliary lining of the nasal fossa. However, at 4½ months eight specimens all show complete metaplasia of the olfactory organ (end nerves, supporting cells, and glands of Bowman) to mucociliated epithelium, all show abnormal formation and alignment of mucous acini, and about 50% have severe persistent sinusitis.

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Progesterone and estradiol profiles in different reproductive stages of captive collared peccary ( Pecari tajacu ) females assessed by fecal metabolites

Animal Reproduction Science ◽

10.1016/j.anireprosci.2017.03.008 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 180 ◽

pp. 121-126 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Concepción Ahuja-Aguirre ◽

Lorena López-deBuen ◽

Susana Rojas-Maya ◽

Bertha C. Hernández-Cruz

Keyword(s):

Pecari Tajacu ◽

Collared Peccary

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Action of proteases of the nematophagous fungi Pochonia chlamydosporia on Ascaris suum eggs of collared peccary (Pecari tajacu)

African Journal of Microbiology Research ◽

10.5897/ajmr2015.7650 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 9 (31) ◽

pp. 1883-1886 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Elias de Freitas Soares Filippe ◽

Humberto de Queiroz Jose ◽

Victor de Araujo Jackson ◽

Gorete Ramos Rodrigues Maria ◽

de Oliveira Tavela Alexandre ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ascaris Suum ◽

Nematophagous Fungi ◽

Pochonia Chlamydosporia ◽

Pecari Tajacu ◽

Collared Peccary

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Low levels of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) and reduced suppression of Th2-mediated inflammation in hyperreactive human onchocerciasis

Parasitology ◽

10.1017/s0031182010000922 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 138 (1) ◽

pp. 35-45 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

S. KORTEN ◽

A. HOERAUF ◽

J. T. KAIFI ◽

D. W. BÜTTNER

Keyword(s):

Growth Factor ◽

Lymph Nodes ◽

Mhc Class Ii ◽

Transforming Growth Factor Beta ◽

Transforming Growth Factor ◽

Plasma Cells ◽

Local Form ◽

Hla Dr ◽

Growth Factor Beta ◽

Antigen Presenting

SUMMARYTh2-biased inflammation with eosinophilia and IgE production is a hallmark of helminth infections. It is pronounced in hyperreactive onchocerciasis patients (‘sowda’ or ‘local form’), who efficiently kill microfilariae resulting in severe dermatitis and lymphadenitis. In contrast, hyporeactive patients (‘generalised form’) tolerate high microfilarial loads. This is thought to be mediated by regulatory CD4+ T cells and macrophages producing suppressive cytokines such as IL-10 and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β). We investigated whether hyperreactivity was reflected by lower local TGF-β production, analysing stable latent TGF-β1 expression in onchocercomas, lymph nodes and skin from hyperreactive and hyporeactive patients by immunohistochemistry. TGF-β expression was compared with that of IgE, IgG1, IgG4, and the antigen-presenting, CD4+ T cell-inducing MHC class II molecule HLA-DR. TGF-β was weakly and less frequently expressed by various cell types in onchocercomas, skin and lymph nodes from hyperreactive compared to hyporeactive patients. This applied to reactions around living and dead adult worms as well as dead microfilariae. Antigen-presenting cells strongly expressed HLA-DR in both forms, but their numbers were reduced in hyperreactive nodules. Plasma cells produced more IgE and IgG1, but less of the anti-inflammatory antibody IgG4 in hyperreactive onchocercomas. In conclusion, hyperreactivity is linked with reduced local expression of TGF-β, HLA-DR and IgG4, which might contribute to the insufficient down-regulation of inflammation via TGF-β- and HLA-DR-induced regulatory lymphocytes.

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