Agronomic traits and chemical composition of single hybrids of sweet corn

In Brazil, the greengrocery market of sweet corn has been expanding along the country. In contrast, there have been few agri-industries canning sweet corn (Zea mays) because of the lack of cultivars with agronomic characteristics proper to industrial purposes. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the general combining ability (GCA) of seven inbred lines of sweet corn, and the specific combining ability (SCA) of their hybrid combinations based on their agronomic traits, and the chemical composition of the grain. In the growing season 2006/2007, twenty-one single hybrids were evaluated in the Iguatemi Research Station, Maringá County, Northwestern Paraná, in Brazil using a complete randomized block design with four replications. Data were subjected to the analysis of variance and the genotypes were clustered by the Scott-Knott test. We estimated the GCA and SCA effects using the Griffing's method IV with the fixed model for plant height (PH), height of ear (EH), dehusked ears yield (DEY), reducing (RS) and total sugars (TS), starch (ST), proteins (PTN), ether extract (EE) and fibers (FB). The inbred line L4, which was originated from the 'Doce de Cuba', had the best GCA for crop yield and grain quality and therefore should be used in the next hybrid combinations. The hybrids L4xL5 and L3xL7 were the most promising with regard to crop yield and grain quality.

Download Full-text

Genetic characterization of the 28 maize landraces in Paraná State

Semina Ciências Agrárias ◽

10.5433/1679-0359.2017v38n4p1715 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 38 (4) ◽

pp. 1715 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sara Regina Silvestrin Rovaris ◽

Pedro Mário de Araújo ◽

Deoclécio Domingos Garbuglio ◽

Cleber Vinicius Guiaretta de Azevedo ◽

Cássio Egídio Cavenaghi Prete

Keyword(s):

Recurrent Selection ◽

Agronomic Traits ◽

Block Design ◽

Breeding Programs ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Fixed Model ◽

Maize Landraces ◽

Ear Height ◽

Female Flowering

The characterization of maize landraces is extremely important in breeding programs for use of these genotypes as sources of genetic variability. The objective of this study was to quantitatively characterize 28 populations of maize landraces from the state of Paraná using the estimates of the effects of varieties and heterosis parents and the general combining ability, thereby assessing the main agronomic traits. In the crop of 2008/09, 56 inter-varietal hybrids, obtained through a topcross, 28 populations of maize landraces and three check varieties were evaluated for female flowering (FF), plant height (PH), ear height (EH) and grain mass (GY). The treatments were evaluated in a randomized block design, with two replications, at three Paraná State locations: the Experimental Center of the Agronomic Institute of Paraná in Londrina (IAPAR) and the experimental units of Pato Branco and Ponta Grossa. The data were submitted to an analysis of variance, considering a fixed model for genotypes and a random model for environments; the averages grouped by the Scott-Knott test, along with intersections of topcrosses, were analyzed according to a readapted model proposed by Oliveira et al. (1997). According to estimates of the parental effects, the GI 133 population showed the most promising estimates for all characteristics. The GI 088 and GI 173 populations stood out with promising estimates of the effects of heterosis. The conclusion is that the populations GI 133 and GI 173 may be indicated for recurrent selection programs or participation in obtaining composites.

Download Full-text

Combining ability analysis for seed yield and its attributes in Indian mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern and Coss]

ANNALS OF PLANT AND SOIL RESEARCH ◽

10.47815/apsr.2021.10077 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 23 (3) ◽

pp. 319-323

Author(s):

D.A. PATEL ◽

Keyword(s):

Seed Yield ◽

Combining Ability ◽

Seed Weight ◽

Block Design ◽

Indian Mustard ◽

Research Station ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Additive Gene ◽

Number Of Seeds ◽

Number Of Branches

The experimental material comprised of forty eight genotypes consisting of five Mori based CMS lines and seven Mori based fertile lines crossed in line x tester mating design. The resultant thirty five hybrids along with their twelve parents and standard check (GDM 4) were evaluated in randomized block design at Castor-Mustard Research Station, Sardarkrushinagar Dantiwada Agricultural University, Sardarkrushinagar during, rabi 2018-2019. The analysis of variance for combining ability revealed that variance due to gca was significant for all the characters except number of seeds per siliqua, seed yield per plant and 1000 seed weight. Whereas, variance due to sca was significant for all the traits. This indicates significant contribution of hybrids for specific combining ability variance component. The ratio of σ2gca/σ2sca below than unity for days to maturity, siliqua length, number of seeds per siliqua, seed yield per plant, 1000 seed weight and oil content which suggested greater role of non-additive gene action in the inheritance of these traits. Among the parents, female SKM 9928 and Kranti were good general combiner for seed yield per plant, total number of branches per plant and total number of siliquae per plant. Whereas, male parent Mori 'R' 1-18 was good general combiner for seed yield per plant, total number of branches per plant and total number of siliquae per plant. Best three hybrids which possessed significant positive SCA effects for seed yield per plant were SKM 301 x SKM 303, SKM 9928 x Pusa Agrani and Kranti x Mori ‘R’ 1-18.

Download Full-text

Analysis of Per Se and Genetic Diversity of Maize Synthetic Populations for Grain Quality: Implications for Breeding

Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca Agriculture ◽

10.15835/buasvmcn-agr:5025 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 67 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Voichita HAS ◽

Alin GULEA ◽

Ioan HAS ◽

Ana COPANDEAN

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Combining Ability ◽

Grain Quality ◽

Agronomic Traits ◽

Agricultural Research ◽

Research Station ◽

Quality Traits ◽

Maize Germplasm ◽

Synthetic Populations ◽

Per Se

The objective of this research was to determine whether phenotypic and genetic diversity could be identified for maize grain quality traits (percentage of starch, protein, oil, fiber and ash) and agronomic traits. 59 maize synthetic populations which differed in earliness and for geographic origins were evaluated in the field at the Agricultural Research Station Turda - Romania, for their per se value. Each synthetic population was tested only one year and was characterized for their ear characteristics and grain quality attributes. The grain oil and ash content showed high variability among genotypes. The experiment was conducted over 2 years (2006-2007) and 2 locations (Turda and Targu-Mures). Analysis of variance showed significant differences among the genotypes for all traits studied. General combining ability (GCA) effects were more important for grain content than specific combining ability (SCA). The occurrence of low interactions between synthetic populations and testers for all characters suggested the occurrence of high statistical additive effects expressed whatever the system of population evaluation. These results support breeding effort towards the genetic improvement of grain quality traits in “Turda” maize germplasm.

Download Full-text

PERBAIKAN TANAMAN KAPAS GENJAH MELALUI PERSILANGAN DIALLEL

Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri ◽

10.21082/jlittri.v12n1.2006.1-6 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Sudarmadji Sudarmadji ◽

Rusim Mardjono ◽

Hadi Sudarmo

Keyword(s):

Gossypium Hirsutum ◽

Combining Ability ◽

Block Design ◽

Research Result ◽

Specific Combining Ability ◽

Research Station ◽

Cotton Yield ◽

Reciprocal Effect ◽

Early Maturity ◽

Randomized Block Design

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan potensi hasil dan memperpendek umur panen kapas genjah melalui kombinasi hibrida (F 1 ) dibandingkan dengan rata-rata kedua tetuanya. Penelitian dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan Asembagus Kabupaten Situbondo mulai bulan Maret sampai Juli 2003. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok dengan tiga ulangan yang terdiri dari 16 genotipe (4 tetua, 6 turunan pertama, 6 turunan pertama kebalikan). Keempat genotipe tetua adalah KI 40, KI 74, KI 87 dan KI 121. 6 genotipe turunan pertama adalah KI 40 x KI 74, KI 40 x KI 87, KI 40 x KI 121, KI 74 x KI 87, KI 74 x KI 121 dan KI 87 x KI 121, sedangkan 6 genotipe turunan pertama kebalikannya adalah KI 74 x KI 40, KI 87 x KI 40, KI 87 x KI 74, KI 121 x KI 40, KI 121 x KI 74 dan KI 121 x KI 87. Sifat-sifat yang diamati meliputi tinggi tanaman, umur pertama bunga mekar, jumlah cabang generatif, jumlah buah terpanen, umur panen pertama, umur panen terakhir dan hasil kapas berbiji. Data hasil penelitian ini dianalisis dengan analisis ragam pada rancangan acak kelompok yang menghasilkan nilai Harapan Kuadrat Tengah untuk asumsi Metode I dan Model I menurut GRIFFING (1956), sedangkan untuk mengetahui tinggi dan rendahnya daya gabung umum, khusus, dan pengaruh kebalikan dari efek tersebut menggunakan Model I (SINGH dan CHAUDHARY, 1979). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tetua KI 40 merupakan penggabung yang baik karena memiliki daya gabung umum yang tinggi untuk parameter hasil kapas berbiji dan daya gabung umum yang rendah untuk parameter umur panen terakhir. Kombinasi persilangan genotipe KI 40 x KI 87 maupun genotipe KI 87 x KI 40 memiliki daya gabung khusus tinggi untuk parameter hasil kapas berbiji dan daya gabung khusus yang rendah pada parameter umur panen terakhir. Ini menunjukkan bahwa KI 40 dapat digunakan sebagai tetua betina untuk memperbaiki produksi kapas berbiji dan persilangan antara KI 40 x KI 87 adalah kombinasi terbaik untuk tujuan tersebut. Kata kunci : Kapas, Gossypium hirsutum, persilangan, hibrida, produksi, umur panen, Jawa Timur ABSTRACT Improvement of cotton plant through diallel crossing The objective of this research is to find out the yield potency and to shorten the harvest age of early maturity cotton through hybrid combinations compared with both parents. This research was conducted at Asembagus Research Station, Indonesian Tobacco and Fiber Research Institute Crops (IToFRIC), from March to July 2003. The research used a randomized block design with three replications consisting of sixteen genotypes (four parents, six F 1 generations, and six reciprocal generations). The four parent genotypes were KI 40, KI 74, KI 87, and KI 121. The six F 1 generation genotypes were KI 40 x KI 74, KI 40 x KI 87, KI 40 x KI 121, KI 74 x KI 87, KI 74 x KI 121 and KI 87 x KI 121, while the six F 1 reciprocal generations were KI 74 x KI 40, KI 87 x KI 40, KI 87 x KI 74, KI 121 x KI 40, KI 121 x KI 74 and KI 121 x KI 87. The characters observed were plant height, the first bloom of flowering date, number of branch, the harvested number of fruit, the first harvesting date, the last harvesting date and cotton yield. The analysis used method I and model I of GRIFFING (1956), while to evaluate general combining ability effect, specific combining ability effect, and reciprocal effect used model I of SINGH and CHAUDHARY (1979). The research result indicated that parent genotype KI 40 had high general combining values for cotton yield parameter, and had low general combining values for last harvest age. Combinations of genotype crossing KI 40 X KI 87 and genotype of KI 87 X KI 40 had high specific combining values for cotton yield, had low specific combining ability values for last harvest age. This indicated that KI 40 can be used as parent to improve seed cotton yield, and the cross between KI 40 x KI 87 was the best combination for this purpose. Key words : Cotton, Gossypium hirsutum, crossing, hybrid, production, harvest age, East Java

Download Full-text

Partial diallel and potential of super sweet corn inbred lines bt 2 to obtain hybrids

Horticultura Brasileira ◽

10.1590/s0102-053620190305 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 37 (3) ◽

pp. 278-284

Author(s):

Larissa Fernanda S Xavier ◽

Jéssica Kelly Pestana ◽

Alline Sekiya ◽

Matheus D Krause ◽

Rosângela Maria P Moreira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Combining Ability ◽

Sweet Corn ◽

Block Design ◽

Inbred Lines ◽

Superior Performance ◽

Breeding Programs ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Grain Productivity ◽

Corn Inbred ◽

Partial Diallel

ABSTRACT The aims of this study were to determine the potential of S4 super sweet corn inbred lines for hybrid synthesis, identify the predominant types of gene action and correlations among different traits, significant for breeding programs. The 81 hybrids obtained from a partial diallel 9x9 and three checks were evaluated. A complete randomized block design, with three replicates, and two sowing seasons was used. We could notice significant hybrid effects, general combining ability (GCA) of GI and GII groups and specific combining ability (SCA) in relation to evaluated traits, highlighting the existence of hybrids with superior performance and the expression of additive and non-additive effects. The inbred lines: L1, L3, L6 and L9 (GI) and L1’, L7’ and L9’ (GII) showed the best GCA and SCA estimates, being present in the nine selected hybrids with superior and competitive performance in relation to the checks. The estimated correlations indicate that, for a breeding program aiming to increase grain productivity, evaluating, at least, the dehusked ears, prioritizing genotypes with larger ear diameters and longer ear lengths is important.

Download Full-text

Combining ability and heterosis studies across environments in linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.)

Acta Agronomica Hungarica ◽

10.1556/aagr.59.2011.1.9 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 59 (1) ◽

pp. 87-102 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

S. Sood ◽

N. Kalia ◽

S. Bhateria

Keyword(s):

Seed Yield ◽

Linum Usitatissimum ◽

Combining Ability ◽

Yield Components ◽

Block Design ◽

Linum Usitatissimum L ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Component Traits ◽

Parental Lines ◽

Fibre Yield

Combining ability and heterosis were calculated for fourteen lines of linseed in a line × tester mating design using twelve lines and two diverse testers in two different environments. The hybrids and parental lines were raised in a completely randomized block design with three replications to investigate seed and fibre yield and their component traits. Genetic variation was significant for most of the traits over environments. Combining ability studies revealed that the lines KL-221 and LCK-9826 were good general combiners for seed yield and most of its components, whereas LMH-62 and LC-2323 were good general combiners for yield components only. Moreover, KL-221 was also a good general combiner for fibre yield. Similarly, B-509 and Ariane were good general combiners for fibre yield and most of its components. Among the specific cross combinations, B-509 × Flak-1 was outstanding for seed yield per plant and B-509 × KL-187 and LC-2323 × LCK-9826 for fibre yield per plant, with high SCA effects. In general, the hybrids excelled their respective parents and the standard checks for most of the characters studied. Based on the comparison of mean performance, SCA effects and the extent of heterosis, the hybrids LC-2323 × LCK-9826 and B-509 × KL-221 appeared to be the most promising for both seed and fibre yield. Other promising combinations were LC-2323 × KL-210 and B-509 × Ariane for seed and fibre yield, respectively. The superiority of LC-2323, LCK-9826, KL-221, B-509 and Ariane as good general combiners was further confirmed by the involvement of these parents in the desirable cross combinations.

Download Full-text

Adaptability and stability of white oat cultivars in relation to chemical composition of the caryopsis

Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira ◽

10.1590/s0100-204x2013000100006 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 48 (1) ◽

pp. 42-50 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Maraisa Crestani Hawerroth ◽

Fernando Irajá Félix de Carvalho ◽

Antonio Costa de Oliveira ◽

José Antonio Gonzalez da Silva ◽

Luiz Carlos Gutkoski ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Avena Sativa ◽

Block Design ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Rio Grande ◽

Rio Grande Do Sul ◽

Average Performance ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Nitrogen Free Extract ◽

Oat Cultivars

The objective of this work was to characterize the chemical properties of white oat (Avena sativa) caryopsis and to determine the adaptability and stability of cultivars recommended for cultivation in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The trials were carried out in the 2007, 2008 and 2009 crop seasons, in three municipalities: Augusto Pestana, Capão do Leão, and Passo Fundo. Fifteen cultivars were evaluated in a randomized block design, with four replicates. The contents of protein, lipid, and nitrogen-free extract were evaluated in the caryopsis. Cultivar performances for the measured characters varied according to location and year of cultivation. The cultivar URS Guapa showed high content of nitrogen-free extract and low contents of protein and lipid in the caryopsis. 'FAPA Louise' showed high content of lipid, whereas 'Albasul', 'UPF 15', and 'UPF 18' showed high content of protein and low content of nitrogen-free extract. There is no evidence of an ideal biotype for the evaluated characters, which could simultaneously show high average performance, adaptability to favorable and unfavorable environments, and stability.

Download Full-text

Serapan Hara N, P, K dan Pertumbuhan Tanaman Jagung Pada Berbagai Dosis Pupuk Anorganik dan Organik di Tanah Inceptisol

Jurnal Sains Teknologi & Lingkungan ◽

10.29303/jstl.v0i0.245 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 55-66

Author(s):

Mulyati Mulyati ◽

Baharuddin AB ◽

R Sri Tejo Wulan

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Nutrient Uptake ◽

Agronomic Traits ◽

Block Design ◽

Organic Fertilizer ◽

Fertilizer Application ◽

Organic Fertilizers ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Two Factors ◽

Inorganic And Organic

The use of inorganic fertilizers has an important role in increasing plant growth and production. But it also causes various problems such as decreasing soil organic matter, soil acidity, soil degradation, nutrient imbalance and increasing environmental pollution. Therefore, it needs to be balanced with the provision of organic fertilizers. A field experiment was conducted to study the effect of application of various doses of inorganic and organic fertilizers on N, P, K nutrient uptake and maize plant growth. The experimental design used was a randomized block design arranged in a factorial manner consisting of two factors. The first factor is the dose of inorganic fertilizer (A): 0, 150 and 300 kg ha-1 phonska and the second factor is organic fertilizer plus (P): 0, 10, 20 tons ha-1. The two factors were combined and each treatment combination was repeated three times. The data obtained were analyzed by analysis of variance at the 5% level of significance. The results showed that there was no interaction between the application of inorganic and organic fertilizers on the growth and nutrient uptake of N, P and K. However, the application of inorganic and organic fertilizers had a significant effect on all tested agronomic traits except for plant height. Nutrient uptake of N, P and K also increased significantly due to the application of inorganic and organic fertilizers. The balance of inorganic and organic fertilizer application increases the availability of nutrients as well as the uptake of N, P, and K nutrients by maize plants.

Download Full-text

Peran Pupuk Organik dalam Peningkatan Efisiensi Pupuk Anorganik pada Padi Sawah (Oryza sativa L.)

Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) ◽

10.24831/jai.v43i1.9582 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 43 (1) ◽

pp. 8

Author(s):

Totong Siwanto ◽

Sugiyanta , ◽

Maya Melati

Keyword(s):

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Block Design ◽

Organic Fertilizer ◽

Biological Properties ◽

Paddy Rice ◽

Inorganic Fertilizer ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Research Station ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Two Factors

ABSTRACT Application of organic fertilizer into the soil is designated as a source of macro, micro nutrients and organic acids; it also acts as soil ameliorant that improve physical, chemical and biological properties of soil. Application of high rates organic fertilizer has a constraint namely the availability and ease of application. Therefore, it is necessary to learn the use of organic fertilizer with low rates to improve the efficiency of chemical fertilizers. This research was aimed to study the effect of organic and inorganic fertilizers on growth and yield of paddy rice, as well as the efficiency of N, P, K inorganic fertilizer. Field experiment was conducted at Sawah Baru Research Station, University Farm IPB, Bogor, West Java from September to December 2013. The experiment used Randomized Block Design consisted of two factors: rates of organic fertilizer (0, 250, 500, 750, and 1,000 kg ha-1), and rates of inorganic fertilizer (0, 100, 200, 300, and 400 kg ha-1). The results suggested that the application of 1,000 kg organic fertilizer ha-1 + 400 kg inorganic fertilizer ha-1 did not show significant interaction. Application of organic fertilizer alone up to 1,000 kg ha-1 resulted in low growth and yield. Increasing rates of application up to 400 kg inorganic fertilizer ha-1 increased the growth and yield of paddy rice. The highest N efficiency was 89.19% at a rate of 500 kg organic fertilizer ha-1 + 200 kg inorganic fertilizer ha-1, whereas the highest efficiency of P and K, respectively were 69.55% and 92.52% at a rate of 750 kg organic fertilizer ha-1 + 300 kg inorganic fertilizer ha-1. Keywords: NPK, organic fertilizer, paddy rice

Download Full-text

Identification of Economically Viable Cropping Systems for Vertisols of Northern Telangana Zone

Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology ◽

10.9734/cjast/2020/v39i3431040 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 98-106

Author(s):

Firdoz Shahana ◽

M. Goverdhan ◽

S. Sridevi ◽

B. Joseph

Keyword(s):

Cropping Systems ◽

Block Design ◽

Cropping System ◽

Farming Systems ◽

Research Station ◽

Bt Cotton ◽

Black Gram ◽

Net Returns ◽

Lower Productivity ◽

Randomized Block Design

A field experiment was conducted during 2016-17 at AICRP on Integrated Farming Systems, Regional Sugarcane and Rice Research Station, Rudrur to diversify existing rice-rice cropping system with less water requiring crops under irrigated dry conditions for vertisols of Northern Telangana Zone. The experiment was laid out with twelve cropping systems as treatments in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications. The twelve combinations of cropping systems tested during kharif and rabi seasons were rice – rice (check), maize + soybean (2:4) – tomato, maize + soybean (2:4) - rice, maize - sunflower + chickpea (2:4), maize - chickpea, Bt cotton + soybean (1:2) on broadbed – sesame + groundnut (2:4), Bt cotton - sesame + blackgram (2:4), soybean – wheat, soybean – sunflower + chickpea (2:4), turmeric – sesame, turmeric + soybean (1:2) on flat bed – bajra and turmeric + soybean (1:2) on broadbed – sesame + blackgram (2:4). On system basis, significantly higher productivity in terms of rice equivalent yield (REY) of 23830 kg ha-1 was recorded with turmeric+soybean (1:2) BBF– sesame+blackgram (2:4) turmeric – sesame cropping sequence. However it was on par with turmeric – sesame and turmeric + soybean (1:2) on flat bed – bajra crop sequence with productivity of 23332 kg ha-1 and 21389 kg ha-1 respectively. Lower productivity was recorded with rice-rice cropping system (10725 kg ha-1). Significantly higher system net returns were recorded with Bt. cotton – sesame + black gram (2:4) on BBF (Rs222838 ha-1) closely followed by Bt Cotton + Soybean (1:2) (BBF) - Sesamum + Groundnut (2:4) (Rs221160 ha-1) and Maize+soybean (2:4)–tomato (Rs212909 ha-1). Lower system net returns were recorded in conventional rice-rice system (Rs88179 ha-1). Bt. cotton – sesame + black gram (2:4) and Bt Cotton + Soybean (1:2) (BBF)- Sesamum + Groundnut ((2:4) and Maize+soybean (2:4)–tomato were economically superior with REE of 152.71%, 150.81% and 141.45%. Rice- Rice cropping adopted by majority of farmers is less productive and economically inferior indicating wider scope of diversifying existing rice- rice cropping system with high productive, economically viable cropping systems in vertisols of Northern Telangana Zone.

Download Full-text