scholarly journals Genetic divergence in basil cultivars and hybrids

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-187
Author(s):  
Rodrigo P Alves ◽  
Ana Veruska C Silva ◽  
Camila S Almeida-Pereira ◽  
Tatiana S Costa ◽  
Sheila V Alvares-Carvalho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Polymorphic Information Content ◽  
Dna Amplification ◽  
Issr Markers ◽  
Economic Importance ◽  
Dissimilarity Index ◽  
The World ◽  
Issr Molecular Markers

ABSTRACT Basil is an aromatic herb that stands out for its economic importance. It is consumed in natura and used to obtain essential oil. The cultivation of this species in several regions of the world has allowed variations by natural crosses and euploidy, leading to the wide genetic variability found nowadays. Considering the importance of this species, we aimed to analyze the genetic diversity of 27 basil genotypes using ISSR molecular markers. Fourteen primers were employed for DNA amplification, resulting in 86% polymorphism. Based on the Jaccard’s dissimilarity index, the highest index (0.80) was observed between the individuals BAS001 and BAS012, while the lowest index (0.18) was detected between the genotypes BAS014 and BAS015. The genetic similarity among individuals was calculated, forming four distinct clusters. Most individuals (40.7%) were allocated in cluster I. The polymorphic information content (PIC) (0.89) indicated considerable levels of genetic diversity among genotypes. In this sense, the ISSR markers were efficient in the detection of polymorphisms between the accessions, suggesting the genetic variability of the collection. This result demonstrates the importance of the use of molecular markers and the advantages that this information provides to the breeding of the species.

scholarly journals Genetic structure and diversity among individuals of Copaifera langsdorffii Desf. from Mato Grosso, Brazilian Amazon, using ISSR markers

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (16) ◽  
pp. e187101623025
Author(s):  
Daniele Paula Maltezo ◽  
Julliane Dutra Medeiros ◽  
Ana Aparecida Bandini Rossi
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Polymorphic Information Content ◽  
Issr Markers ◽  
Group Method ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Copaifera Langsdorffii ◽  
Genetic Structure And Diversity ◽  
Issr Primers

The Amazon is the largest tropical forest in the world and is home to around 20% of all the biodiversity on the planet, among the species present in the Amazon is Copaifera langsdorffii, exploited mainly for the extraction of oil-resin and wood, often in ways incorrect, which can cause the loss of genetic variability. The aim of this study was to evaluate the genetic structure and diversity among individuals of C. langsdorffii located in Mato Grosso, Brazil, using ISSR markers. We sampled leaves from 27 adult individuals of C. langsdorffii, whose total genomic DNA was extracted. A total of 12 ISSR primers were used for the molecular characterization of the individuals. A grouping analysis was performed using the unweighted pair group method, Bayesian analysis and characterized by the genetic diversity. The genetic diversity among and within the groups was demonstrated by the AMOVA. As a result, 106 fragments were amplified and 98.11% were polymorphic. The polymorphic information content of each primer ranged from 0.45 to 0.81.  The dendrogram showed the formation of 4 distinct groups. The greatest genetic variability is found within the groups and not between them. The percentage of polymorphism, genetic dissimilarity values and genetic diversity indexes indicate that there is high genetic variability among Copaifera langsdorffii individuals, suggesting that ISSR primers were efficient in detecting polymorphism in this species and that the individuals have potential for compose programs aimed at the preservation of the species and the ability to integrate germplasm banks.

scholarly journals Assessment of genetic diversity in Moroccan sesame (Sesamum indicum) using ISSR molecular markers

OCL ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 3
Author(s):  
Meriem El Harfi ◽  
Jamal Charafi ◽  
Karim Houmanat ◽  
Hafida Hanine ◽  
Abdelghani Nabloussi
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Polymorphic Information Content ◽  
Issr Markers ◽  
Sesamum Indicum ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Low Genetic Diversity ◽  
Simple Repeats ◽  
New Germplasm ◽  
Issr Primers

There is a need for sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) breeding in Morocco to release performant and adapted varieties, which requires a large genetic variability in the germplasm to be used. In this context, genetic diversity of sesame populations from different locations in Tadla area was investigated using ISSR (Inter Sequence Simple Repeats) markers as a simple method to reveal polymorphism among them. A total of 130 individuals representing 31 populations were sampled. Twenty-four ISSR primers were used for analysis of individuals representing the 31 different sesame populations grown in different agroclimatic zones of Tadla, accounting for 90% of sesame cultivation area in Morocco. Indeed, seven primers showed legible and reproducible genomic profiles with an interesting number of bands. A total of 57 bands were obtained with ISSR primers, of which 47 were polymorphic. PIC (Polymorphic Information Content) ranged from 0.002 to 0.350, showing that ISSR markers are informative and relevant for discriminating the populations evaluated. The similarity coefficient of ISSR data ranged from 0.509 to 1, with an average of 0.870. The results obtained showed that Moroccan sesame populations are characterized by a low genetic diversity, suggesting a genetic proximity among them. Therefore, new germplasm should be either introduced from diverse geographical origins or created through mutagenesis breeding in order to broaden the existing genetic variability.

Evaluation of Genetic Diversity by Molecular Markers ISSR of Algodoeiro (Gossypium mustelinum) in Native Populations of Pernambuco, Brazil

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Luiz Sergio Costa Duarte Filho ◽  
Edson Ferreira Da Silva ◽  
Danielson Ramos Ribeiro ◽  
Allison Vieira Da Silva ◽  
Iêda Ferreira De Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Issr Markers ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Native Populations ◽  
Gossypium Mustelinum ◽  
New Germplasm ◽  
Diversity Studies

In order to assure and evaluate the genetic diversity, wild populations of Cotton (Gossypium mustelinum) were collected and evaluated from the coastal plain north of Pernambuco, Brazil. Such populations occur in urban areas in a state of real expansion and with imminent risks of extinction. As a result of these risks and the state of real expansion, aiming at the ex situ conservation of these genetic resources, branches of 66 plants were collected in three populations of G. mustelinum that are located in restinga vegetation in the localities of Ponta de Pedras and Bara of Catuama, both in the municipality of Goiana and in the locality Sossego Beach in the municipality Island of Itamaracá. The collected genotypes were inserted in a new Germplasm Bank (BAG) at the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, after which a sample composed of 24 genotypes contained in the BAG was collected to perform genetic diversity studies using molecular markers of ISSR type. For the molecular analysis, 24 accesses with 4 ISSR primers were analyzed, which produced a total of 36 bands, with a mean of 1,52 alleles per amplified locus. The genetic dissimilarity values, calculated according to the complement of the Jaccard index, ranged from 0.000 to 0.080. The UPGMA method grouped the accesses into three groups. The UFRPE30, UFRPE42 and UFRPE45 accessions were more dissimilar and UFRPE-48, UFRPE-50, UFRPE-52, UFRPE-55, UFRPE60, UFRPE06, UFRPE28, UFRPE29, UFRPE1, UFRPE2, UFRPE17 the least dissimilar. The ISSR markers used in this study demonstrated efficiency in the detection of molecular polymorphisms, revealing genetic variability among the 24 accessions. Considering the results obtained in this work, it is possible to infer that there is considerable genetic variability among the accessions of cotton, demonstrating the importance of the markers in the analysis of variability of species not studied, such as (G. mustelinum).

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity of Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Accessions using Inter Simple Sequence Repeats (ISSRs) Marker

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Abdela ◽  
Mulugeta Kebede ◽  
Tiliye Feyissa
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Polymorphic Information Content ◽  
Issr Markers ◽  
Similarity Coefficients ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Band Size ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L

Abstract Background: Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) belongs to the family Leguminoseae. It is the world’s most important source of edible oil and vegetable protein. To our knowledge, little is known about the genetic variability of cultivated Ethiopian A. hypogaea at a molecular level. It is important to understand the genetic diversity of the crop to collect, conserve and use the germplasm for variety development. In the present study, ISSR markers were used to determine the genetic variability and diversity of 43 accessions of A. hypogaea collected from different regions of Ethiopia.Results: Four ISSR primers were used to generate 56 reproducible bands of which 29 (51.8%) were polymorphic. The band size ranges from 120 bp to 1100 bp. The number of amplified bands varied from 12 in primer UBC841 to 18 in primer UBC 881. The polymorphic bands percentage ranges from 27.8 % of Primer UBC 881 to 84.6 % of primer UBC 857. The polymorphic information content (PIC) value ranges from 0.29 to 0.76 with the average value 0.49. The mean Nei’s gene diversity and Shannon’s information index were 0.25 and 0.33, respectively. Genetic relationship between A. hypogaea accessions based on Jaccard’s pair wise similarity coefficients varies from 44% to 83% with an average value of 63.5%. The UPGMA dendrogram based on cluster analysis grouped A. hypogaea accessions into five distinct clusters at 63.5% similarity coefficient, and the principal coordinate analysis revealed similar grouping. Conclusions: Even though in both UPGMA and PCoA most of the accessions were grouped in separate clusters irrespective of their geographic origins, the ISSR marker-based analysis shows the presence of genetic variability among the accessions. Moreover, the current study demonstrated the potential informativeness of ISSR markers in estimating the extent of genetic variation in A. hypogaea accessions.

scholarly journals APPLICATIONS OF ISSR MARKERS IN STUDIES OF GENETIC DIVERSITY OF Pityrocarpa moniliformis

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 1017-1024
Author(s):  
FRANCIVAL CARDOSO FELIX ◽  
KYVIA PONTES TEIXEIRA DAS CHAGAS ◽  
CIBELE DOS SANTOS FERRARI ◽  
FÁBIO DE ALMEIDA VIEIRA ◽  
MAURO VASCONCELOS PACHECO
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Genetic Distance ◽  
Inter Simple Sequence Repeat ◽  
Issr Markers ◽  
Shannon Index ◽  
Resolving Power ◽  
Development Programs ◽  
Diversity Studies ◽  
Issr Molecular Markers

ABSTRACT Pityrocarpa moniliformis (Benth.) Luckow & R. W. Jobson (Fabaceae) is a native brazilian species with high potential for economic development programs in semiarid regions, mainly related to the production of honey, animal food and firewood. Thus, the objective of this work was to select Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) molecular markers for genetic diversity studies, as well as to test the efficiency of this approach in quantifying the genetic diversity of a natural P. moniliformis population. For this, 28 ISSR molecular markers were tested, evaluating the total number of loci, polymorphism rate and the Polymorphism Information Content (PIC) for the selected primers, the “Marker Index”, and the “Resolving Power”. Genetic diversity parameters (Nei genetic distance and Shannon index) were evaluated for 30 individuals located in Macaíba, Rio Grande do Norte State, Brazil. Seven primers were selected, which provided 74 loci, with 82% being polymorphic, while the PIC value was 0.344. The Nei genetic distance was 0.244, and the Shannon index was 0.374. Therefore, ISSR molecular markers (UBC 827, 840, 844, 857, 859, 860 and 873) are considered efficient in studying the genetic diversity of populations for the selection of matrices and germplasm banks, and may contribute to the conservation and genetic improvement of P. moniliformis populations.

scholarly journals Genetic variability among cashew hybrids and prediction of superior combinations based on agronomic performance

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maraisa Crestani Hawerroth ◽  
Patricia do Nascimento Bordallo ◽  
Luis Cláudio Pessoa Oliveira ◽  
Egnesio Holanda Vale ◽  
Francisco das Chagas Vidal Neto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Molecular Level ◽  
Issr Markers ◽  
Phenotypic Characterization ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
Cashew Nut ◽  
Issr Molecular Markers ◽  
Rapd And Issr

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the use of RAPD and ISSR molecular markers to determine the genetic variability among cashew (Anacardium spp.) genotypes, and to indicate possible promising crosses based on cashew genetic variability and phenotypic performance. Ten hybrids - derived from the crosses CCP 76 x BGC 589, CCP 76 x BRS 226, CCP 76 x HAC 276-1, CCP 76 x Embrapa 51, CCP 76 x BRS 253, CCP 76 x HAC222-4, and BRS226 x Embrapa 51 - and their parents were assessed at the molecular level. The hybrids were evaluated for nut yield, mean nut weight, bored nuts, and powdery mildew on nuts (scale 0-4). The RAPD and ISSR markers were efficient in the determinaton of the genetic variability among cashew genotypes, allowing of the grouping of 21 clusters. Associated with the phenotypic characterization of cashew nut for yield, weight, and health, the used markers can efficiently identify possible combinations with higher genetic variability and higher probability of developing transgressive genotypes in segregating populations.

Assessment of genetic variability amongst cultivated populations of Khasi mandarin (Citrus reticulata Blanco) detected by ISSR

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Karishma Kashyap ◽  
Rasika M. Bhagwat ◽  
Sofia Banu
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Inter Simple Sequence Repeat ◽  
Northeast India ◽  
Issr Markers ◽  
Citrus Reticulata ◽  
Brahmaputra Valley ◽  
Indian Food ◽  
Cultivated Populations ◽  
High Level

Abstract Khasi mandarin (Citrus reticulata Blanco) is a commercial mandarin variety grown in northeast India and one of the 175 Indian food items included in the global first food atlas. The cultivated plantations of Khasi mandarin grown prominently in the lower Brahmaputra valley of Assam, northeast India, have been genetically eroded. The lack in the efforts for conservation of genetic variability in this mandarin variety prompted diversity analysis of Khasi mandarin germplasm across the region. Thus, the study aimed to investigate genetic diversity and partitioning of the genetic variations within and among 92 populations of Khasi mandarin collected from 10 cultivated sites in Kamrup and Kamrup (M) districts of Assam, India, using Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) markers. The amplification of genomic DNA with 17 ISSR primers yielded 216 scorable DNA amplicons of which 177 (81.94%) were polymorphic. The average polymorphism information content was 0.39 per primer. The total genetic diversity (HT = 0.28 ± 0.03) was close to the diversity within the population (HS = 0.20 ± 0.01). A high mean coefficient of gene differentiation (GST = 0.29) reflected a high level of gene flow (Nm = 1.22), indicating high genetic differentiation among the populations. Analysis of Molecular Variance (AMOVA) showed 78% of intra-population differentiation, 21% among the population and 1% among the districts. The obtained results indicate the existence of a high level of genetic diversity in the cultivated Khasi mandarin populations, indicating the need for preservation of each existing population to revive the dying out orchards in northeast India.

scholarly journals ISSR molecular markers for the study of the genetic diversity of Mimosa caesalpiniaefolia Benth.

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 47-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando dos Santos Araújo ◽  
Mauro Vasconcelos Pacheco ◽  
Fábio de Almeida Vieira ◽  
Cibele dos Santos Ferrari ◽  
Francival Cardoso Félix ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Issr Molecular Markers

scholarly journals In vitro Propagation and Assessment of Genetic Relationships of Citrus Rootstocks Using ISSR Molecular Markers

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 383-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Constantinos SALIS ◽  
Ioannis E. PAPADAKIS ◽  
Spyridon KINTZIOS ◽  
Marianna HAGIDIMITRIOU
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Root Length ◽  
In Vitro Propagation ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Poncirus Trifoliata ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Issr Molecular Markers

The behavior of six citrus rootstocks, Volkameriana, Citrumelo ‘Swingle’, Citrange ‘Carrizo’, Poncirus trifoliata ‘Serra’, Poncirus trifoliata ‘Rubidoux’ and Poncirus trifoliata ‘Flying Dragon’, in in vitro propagation was studied and compared for shoot proliferation and rooting. In addition, the genetic relationships among the rootstocks studied and other Citrus species, using the Inter-Simple Sequence Repeats (ISSR) molecular markers, were investigated. Nodal explants of three months old shoots were used in Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with N6-benzyladenine (BA) for shoot proliferation and with naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) for rooting. The rootstock Volkameriana showed a statistically significant higher number of shoots (1.81), shoot length (15.14 mm) and number of leaves per explant (5.81), while all three Poncirus trifoliata rootstocks showed the lowest numbers. The number of roots and root length per explant were evaluated at the end of the rooting phase. The rootstock ‘Swingle’ showed a higher number of roots per explant (4.2) followed by ‘Flying Dragon’ (3.93) and ‘Carrizo’ (3.23) rootstocks. The rootstocks ‘Swingle’ (140.8 mm), Volkameriana (148 mm) and ‘Flying Dragon’ (131.12 mm) had significantly higher root length per explant compared to ‘Carrizo’ (31 mm) and ‘Rubidoux’ (34.5 mm). The ISSR molecular marker technique used in the present study grouped successfully the different species, varieties and rootstocks studied, revealing their genetic variability. The genetic variability observed among the rootstocks ranged between 0.29 (Poncirus trifoliata ‘Serra’ and Citrumelo ‘Swingle’) and 0.60 (Volkameriana and Citrumelo ‘Swingle’). The response of the rootstocks studied in in vitro propagation however is not related to their genetic affinity.

scholarly journals Genetic variability in physic nuts cultivated in Northeastern Brazil

2013 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 978-984 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanice Dias Oliveira ◽  
Allivia Rouse Carregosa Rabbani ◽  
Ana Veruska Cruz da Silva ◽  
Ana da Silva Lédo
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Dna Amplification ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Jaccard Coefficient ◽  
Physic Nut ◽  
Genetic Structure And Diversity

This research had as objective to characterize genetically individuals of physic nut cultivated in experimental areas in Sergipe, Brazil by means of RAPD molecular markers. Leaves of 40 individuals were collected and DNA was isolated using CTAB 2% method. Were used 30 primers RAPD for DNA amplification, and this data was used to estimate the genetic similarity among the pairs of individuals, using Jaccard coefficient, and group them out for the UPGMA method. Also, the genetic structure and diversity of the populations were assessed using AMOVA. Of the 100 fragments generated, 29 of were polymorphic. A similarity average of 0.54 among the individuals was found and the amplitude similarities varied from 0.18 to 1.00. One of them (U5) was unit clusters and formed by the most divergent individuals. AMOVA indicated that there is more variation within (63%) the population. In conclusion, it was possible verify genetic variability in physic nut using RAPD markers at these experimental areas.

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