Acute toxicity test of agricultural pesticides on silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen) fingerlings

Toxicity risks of agricultural pesticides to fishes are pivotal. Currently, many questions remain unsolved regarding to the toxicity of commonly used pesticides to silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen), a South American catfish. The present studies have been designed to investigate the acute toxicity and the lethal concentration (LC50) of four herbicides, two fungicides and two insecticides to silver catfish fingerlings. All experiments were carried out in triplicates, in a static bioassay system, using commercially available pesticides. The data was analyzed through the Trimmed Spearman-Karber method available from the Environmental Protection Agency. The 96hLC50 and 95% lower and upper confidence limits, respectively, for the following pesticides were determined: glyphosate (7.3mg L-1; 6.5-8.3), atrazine (10.2mg L-1; 9.1-11.5), atrazine+simazine (10.5mg L-1; 8.9-12.4), mesotrione (532.0mg L-1; 476.5-594), tebuconazole (5.3mg L-1; 4.9-5.7), methylparathion (4.8mg L-1; 4.3-5.3), strobulurin and triazol (9.9mg L-1; 8.7-11.2). Diflubenzuron was also tested and caused no fish mortality up to 1g L-1. The toxic concentration of these pesticides to silver catfish fingerlings fell above the concentration used for application in the field and, except following accidental application or misplacing of empty recipients, it should not cause fish mortality. Nonetheless, the data obtained will be useful to study the long-term effect of these products on the hematological, biochemical, hormonal and immunological parameters of silver catfish and related fish species in South Brazil.

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The Essential Oil of Hyptis mutabilis in Ichthyophthirius multifiliis Infection and its Effect on Hematological, Biochemical, and Immunological Parameters in Silver Catfish, Rhamdia quelen

Journal of Parasitology ◽

10.1645/16-174 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 103 (6) ◽

pp. 778-785 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jessyka A. da Cunha ◽

Fernando J. Sutili ◽

Anita M. Oliveira ◽

Leticia T. Gressler ◽

Cecília de A. Scheeren ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Ichthyophthirius Multifiliis ◽

Immunological Parameters ◽

Silver Catfish ◽

Rhamdia Quelen

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Activity patterns of South American silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen)

Brazilian Journal of Biology ◽

10.1590/s1519-69842006000300024 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 66 (2a) ◽

pp. 565-574 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

U. H. Schulz ◽

C. Leuchtenberger

Keyword(s):

Woody Debris ◽

Activity Patterns ◽

Swimming Activity ◽

Fish Length ◽

South American ◽

Silver Catfish ◽

Frequent Use ◽

Rhamdia Quelen ◽

Lakes And Reservoirs ◽

The Mean

The South American silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen) is a widely distributed species in Central and South America in areas east of the Andes between Venezuela and the northern parts of Argentina. The bottom dwelling species occurs in lakes and reservoirs as well as in rivers. Between June 2000 and December 2001, sixteen silver catfish were tracked during fourteen 24-h cycles in two-hour-intervals, with the aim of investigating daily movements and habitat use. Covered distances varied between 0 m/2 h and 326 m/2 h and the mean distance covered in 2 h was 25.6 m. The mean activity of individual silver catfish varied between 5.6 m/2 h and 81.4 m/2 h. The swimming activity was linearly related to the total fish length. The highest mean swimming activity occurred in the morning and at nightfall. Silver catfish concentrated in three areas of frequent use. All of them were characterized by steep banks providing shelter in the form of rip-rap or large woody debris. Vertically, silver catfish preferred the upper 2 m layer where tracked fish encountered higher temperatures and higher dissolved oxygen concentrations.

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Efficacy of eugenol and the methanolic extract of Condalia buxifolia during the transport of the silver catfish Rhamdia quelen

Neotropical Ichthyology ◽

10.1590/s1679-62252013000300021 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 675-681 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

Alexssandro Geferson Becker ◽

Mauro Alves da Cunha ◽

Luciano de Oliveira Garcia ◽

Carla Cristina Zeppenfeld ◽

Thaylise Vey Parodi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Methanolic Extract ◽

Fish Mortality ◽

Silver Catfish ◽

Plastic Bags ◽

Rhamdia Quelen ◽

Light Sedation

This study evaluated extracts of Condalia buxifolia as anesthetics for the silver catfish Rhamdia quelen. The effectiveness of eugenol and of the methanolic extract (ME) of C. buxifolia during the transport of this species was also assessed. Fish of two different weights (1.50±0.02 g and 165.70±22.50 g) were transferred to aquaria containing water with the C. buxifolia ME or with fractions obtained from the ME, such as the n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, n-butane and aqueous fractions, at concentrations from 0-300 °L L-1. The C. buxifolia ME in the 0.5-120 °L L-1range caused only light sedation, and the fractions did not have an effect on the fish. In the second experiment, another group of fish was transported for 12 h in 15 plastic bags. The fish were divided into five groups: control, 1 or 2.5 °L L-1 eugenol and 25 or 50 °L L-1C. buxifolia ME. The non-ionized ammonia levels were lower at the end of transport in the groups with the compounds than in that with water alone. Moreover, both compounds decreased the Na+, Cl-, and K+ net effluxes; therefore, their addition to the water during transport is advisable because they reduce fish mortality and ion loss.

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Effects of anesthetic tricaine on stress and reproductive aspects of South American silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen) male

10.1101/759340 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Nathalia dos Santos Teixeira ◽

Lis Santos Marques ◽

Rômulo Batista Rodrigues ◽

Darlan Gusso ◽

Ana Amélia Nunes Fossati ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Induction Time ◽

Plasma Cortisol ◽

Sperm Quality ◽

Reproductive Hormones ◽

Anesthesia Induction ◽

South American ◽

Silver Catfish ◽

Rhamdia Quelen ◽

Cortisol Levels ◽

Motility Rate

AbstractAnesthesia is a common practice used in fish research and aquaculture. For both applications, it is important to understand anesthetics effects on the animal and tissues of interest to ensure the validity of data and to improve animal welfare. Captive fish production is only possible with artificial reproduction, and it is known that manipulation is a stressor stimulus in fish. The most common method of determining fish stress responses is measuring the circulating level of cortisol. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of different concentrations (100, 200, and 300 mg L-1) of the anesthetic tricaine methanesulfonate (MS-222) on cortisol levels and their influence on the sperm quality maintenance in Rhamdia quelen. After hormonal induction, 28 sexually mature males (average weight = 363.00 ± 71.24 g) were randomly distributed among treatments, and their semen and blood samples were collected. Anesthesia induction time, motility rate, sperm concentration and morphology, plasma cortisol levels, and reproductive hormones concentrations (testosterone, 17-α-hydroxyprogesterone, and estradiol) were evaluated. Anesthesia with 100 mg L-1 MS-222 presented a longer induction time than that with 200 and 300 mg L-1 MS-222. Sperm motility rate was significantly higher in the control than in the 300 mg L-1 treatment but did not differ among the control, 100, and 200 mg L-1 treatments. Estradiol level was significantly higher in non-anesthetized than in anesthetized fish, but plasma cortisol levels did not differ significantly between treatments (182.50 ± 42.03 ng mL-1). MS-222 anesthetizes fish by blocking the sodium channels, preventing the development of nerve action potentials. However, MS222 at concentrations of 100, 200, and 300 mg L-1 did not prevent stress in South American silver catfish males. In addition, its use did not maintain sperm quality, as it impaired motility and decreased levels of plasma estradiol.

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