scholarly journals Factors affecting vegetable stand establishment

1998 ◽  
Vol 55 (spe) ◽  
pp. 116-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. M. Grassbaugh ◽  
M. A. Bennett
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Environmental Constraints ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Vegetable Crop ◽  
Seed Treatments ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Stand Establishment ◽  
Tillage Practices

Several factors can influence stand establishment in vegetable crop production. Environmental conditions such as soil physical characteristics, temperature and moisture, various cultural practices, and diseases may all be limiting factors in establishing maximum stands and achieving the highest possible yields. Measures taken to increase stands include soil improvements, implementing cultural practices, and use of chemical and biological seed treatments. Combining seed treatments and cultural/tillage practices to minimize environmental constraints can lead to maximum stands and yields in the production of high quality vegetable crops.

scholarly journals Morphological, enzymatic and molecular characterization of root-knot nematodes parasitizing vegetable crops

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 473-479
Author(s):  
Aline F Barros ◽  
Vicente P Campos ◽  
Larissa N Souza ◽  
Sarah S Costa ◽  
Willian C Terra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Identification ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Scar Markers ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Vegetable Crop ◽  
Root Knot Nematodes ◽  
Production Studies ◽  
First Time

ABSTRACT Species of the genus Meloidogyne are limiting factors in vegetable crop production. Studies in Brazil about the occurrence of root-knot nematodes in areas of vegetable crop growth have been conducted without using advanced techniques. Using modern techniques, such as biochemical and molecular methods, improves the accuracy of Meloidogyne species identification. The present study characterized species of Meloidogyne in 36 samples associated with vegetable crops using isoenzyme electrophoresis, SCAR markers, and morphological markers, in addition to validating SCAR markers for accurate species identification. The species M. incognita, M. javanica, M. hapla, M. morocciensis, and M. arenaria were identified, with the first two being the most frequent. Here, the species M. arenaria parasitizing scarlet eggplant and M. morocciensis parasitizing pumpkin and cabbage are reported in Brazil for the first time. Esterase electrophoresis efficiently separated the species of Meloidogyne found in vegetable crops; however, SCAR markers were only effective for the identification of M. incognita, M. javanica, and M. hapla, since the primer pair Far/Rar yielded no amplification product to confirm the identity of M. arenaria. The species M.arenaria and M. morocciensis could not be distinguished by the female perineal patterns. Based on the present results, new primers should be designed for the identification of M. arenaria and M. morocciensis.

scholarly journals Effect of Nitrogen and Boron in Seed Yield and Yield Attributing Characters of Broccoli

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 541-544
Author(s):  
A. Khanal
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Interactive Effect ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Plant Nutrient ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Major Nutrients ◽  
Pod Length

Plant nutrient is one of the limiting factors affecting crop production. Nitrogen and boron are major nutrients in case of broccoli. So, an experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect of nitrogen and boron in seed yield and yield attributing characters of broccoli in Rampur, Chitwan during winter season. The experiment was laid out in factorial RCBD design with four levels of nitrogen and two levels of boron. Each plot consists of 25 plants which were separated by 60 * 60 cm spacing. There are altogether eight treatments replicates thrice. Local variety Calabrese was used.  Significant effect of different dose of nitrogen and boron on yield attributing characters was found. Also interactive effect of nitrogen and boron in number of pods, pod length, seed yield and number of seeds per pod was found significantly different.Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol 3(3): 541-544

scholarly journals Plant-Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria Emerging as an Effective Bioinoculant to Improve the Growth, Production and Stress Tolerance of Vegetable Crops

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (22) ◽  
pp. 12245
Author(s):  
Manoj Kumar ◽  
Ved Prakash Giri ◽  
Shipra Pandey ◽  
Anmol Gupta ◽  
Manish Kumar Patel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Vegetable Crop ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

Vegetable cultivation is a promising economic activity, and vegetable consumption is important for human health due to the high nutritional content of vegetables. Vegetables are rich in vitamins, minerals, dietary fiber, and several phytochemical compounds. However, the production of vegetables is insufficient to meet the demand of the ever-increasing population. Plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) facilitate the growth and production of vegetable crops by acquiring nutrients, producing phytohormones, and protecting them from various detrimental effects. In this review, we highlight well-developed and cutting-edge findings focusing on the role of a PGPR-based bioinoculant formulation in enhancing vegetable crop production. We also discuss the role of PGPR in promoting vegetable crop growth and resisting the adverse effects arising from various abiotic (drought, salinity, heat, heavy metals) and biotic (fungi, bacteria, nematodes, and insect pests) stresses.

A Linear Optimization Approach for Increasing Sustainability in Vegetable Crop Production

2011 ◽  
pp. 234-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lana dos Santos ◽  
Marcos Arenales ◽  
Alysson Costa ◽  
Ricardo Santos
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Optimization Problems ◽  
Linear Optimization ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Optimization Approach ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Vegetable Crop ◽  
Modeling Framework ◽  
Ecological Criteria

This chapter is concerned with a set of optimization problems associated to crop rotation scheduling in the context of vegetable crop production according to some ecological criteria: no crop of the same botanic family is planted in sequence, green manure and fallow periods must be present in any schedule. A core mathematical model called the crop rotation scheduling model is proposed to represent these ecological criteria together with specific technical constraints associated to the growing of vegetable crops. Three optimization problems based on crop rotation schedules are written in detail in this chapter. For each problem, the authors present a general modeling framework and a solution methodology based on a technique known as column generation, which iteratively builds crop rotation plans for a number of plots. Some extensions are also presented, with the aim of incorporating additional characteristics found in production field conditions. This chapter ends with a brief discussion on a set of computational experiments and some suggestions for future research.

A Linear Optimization Approach for Increasing Sustainability in Vegetable Crop Production

2011 ◽  
pp. 236-267
Author(s):  
Lana dos Santos ◽  
Marcos Arenales ◽  
Alysson Costa ◽  
Ricardo Santos
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Optimization Problems ◽  
Linear Optimization ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Optimization Approach ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Vegetable Crop ◽  
Modeling Framework ◽  
Ecological Criteria

This chapter is concerned with a set of optimization problems associated to crop rotation scheduling in the context of vegetable crop production according to some ecological criteria: no crop of the same botanic family is planted in sequence, green manure and fallow periods must be present in any schedule. A core mathematical model called the crop rotation scheduling model is proposed to represent these ecological criteria together with specific technical constraints associated to the growing of vegetable crops. Three optimization problems based on crop rotation schedules are written in detail in this chapter. For each problem, the authors present a general modeling framework and a solution methodology based on a technique known as column generation, which iteratively builds crop rotation plans for a number of plots. Some extensions are also presented, with the aim of incorporating additional characteristics found in production field conditions. This chapter ends with a brief discussion on a set of computational experiments and some suggestions for future research.

scholarly journals UF/IFAS Standardized Nutrient Recommendations for Vegetable Crop Production in Florida

EDIS ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 2021 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rao Mylavarapu ◽  
George Hochmuth ◽  
Guodong Liu
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Management ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Soil Testing ◽  
Soil Test ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Basic Information ◽  
Vegetable Crop ◽  
Testing Laboratory ◽  
State And Local ◽  
Local Agencies

This publication presents the fertilization recommendations for vegetable crops based on soil tests performed by the UF/IFAS Extension Soil Testing Laboratory (ESTL). It contains the basic information from which ESTL soil test reports and fertilization recommendations are generated. The audiences for this information include commercial and small farmers, crop advisers and consultants, state and local agencies, fertilizer industry, and any interested individuals interested in sustainable nutrient and environmental management. Major revision by Rao Mylavarapu, George Hochmuth, and Guodong Liu; 12 pp. https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/cv002

scholarly journals 656 Improving Seedling Establishment of Medicinal Herbs

HortScience ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 561B-561
Author(s):  
Elaine M. Grassbaugh ◽  
Mark A. Bennett ◽  
Andrew F. Evans
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Optimum Temperature ◽  
Medicinal Species ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Stand Establishment ◽  
Crop Establishment

Successful crop production and optimum yields, regardless of the species, can be accomplished only when maximum stand establishment is achieved. Stand reduction after planting typically results in reduced yields and lower crop quality. Several classes of factors (environmental, edaphic, biotic) contribute to successful stand establishment in crop production and should be considered in growing medicinal plants. Environmental factors (e.g., temperature and moisture extremes) as well as pathogens and insect pests that attack seeds and seedlings may contribute to reduced stands. Soil related factors such as pH, nutrient availability, and crusting may also restrict seedling growth. Understanding the requirements for optimum seed germination and the environmental conditions into which the seed is sown is essential for uniform crop establishment. Vigor tests can aid growers in determining the optimum temperature range for seed germination. Many cultural practices may also influence soil related factors and contribute to successful stand establishment in the field. Seed vigor tests (SSAA, thermogradient results) along with seed treatments and enhancements can assess seed vigor, improve germination and lead to more reliable stands of medicinal species.

scholarly journals Practical Applications of Plant Biostimulants in Greenhouse Vegetable Crop Production

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1569
Author(s):  
Spyridon A. Petropoulos
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Vegetable Crop ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Crop Performance ◽  
Macro Algae

The research interest on plant biostimulant applications in vegetable crop production is gradually increasing and several reports highlight the beneficial effects that such products may have not only on crop performance but also on the quality of the final product. Moreover, numerous products with biostimulatory activity are being developed which need further evaluation under variable growing conditions and different crops. Plant hydrolysates which contain amino acids and peptides have been acclaimed with several positive effects on crop performance of diverse horticultural crops, while macro-algae are also considered effective biostimulants on plants grown under stress conditions. A recent study evaluated the use of protein hydrolysates and brown macro-algae (Ascophyllum nodosum and Ecklonia maxima) as innovative and cost effective approaches for sustainable vegetable production. The present editorial provides an overview of the main findings of that study, while discussing the practical applications that biostimulants may have in the greenhouse production of vegetable crops, aiming to increase the yield and the quality of the final produce and improve crop tolerance to abiotic stressors.

IFAS Standardized Nutrient Recommendations for Vegetable Crop Production in Florida

EDIS ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rao S. Mylavarapu ◽  
George J. Hochmuth ◽  
Guodong Liu
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Soil Testing ◽  
Soil Test ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Basic Information ◽  
Vegetable Crop ◽  
Testing Laboratory ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Agronomic Crops

This publication presents the fertilization recommendations for vegetable crops based on soil tests performed by the IFAS Extension Soil Testing Laboratory (ESTL). It contains the basic information from which ESTL soil-test reports and fertilization recommendations are generated. Additional information on nutrient recommendations is presented in the Vegetable Production Handbook of Florida, 2017-2018. Similarly, IFAS Standardized Nutrient Recommendations for Agronomic Crops can be found in SL129 (Mylavarapu, 2015).  

IMPACTS OF FREEZING TEMPERATURES ON CROP PRODUCTION IN CANADA

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 1167-1180 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. BROWN ◽  
W. J. BLACKBURN
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Peace River ◽  
River Region ◽  
Freeze Damage ◽  
Freezing Temperatures

Subzero temperatures are the most widespread hazard to crop production in Canada. This hazard ranges from temperature occurrences near 0 °C in spring and fall that damage many annual crops and some perennials to the winter occurrences of −30 °C and lower that damage or kill vegetative and/or reproductive tissues of some perennial species. Terminology, types of freeze damage, and the freeze risk are reviewed and discussed here along with some examples of the occurrence and adverse impact of freezing temperatures for the range of annual, winter annual and perennial crops grown in Canada. Spring grain losses from freeze damage occur about once every 3–4 yr in Saskatchewan, less frequently in Alberta (except the Peace River region), Manitoba and the northern clay belts in Ontario and Quebec, and seldom in the remainder of eastern Canada. Frequency of canola losses on the Prairies has been similar to cereals over the past 10–12 yr. The availability of short-season corn and soybean cultivars has expanded the production of these crops to areas with fewer than 2300 heat units over the last 20 yr. This has resulted in more frequent losses of these crops from fall freezes. Major losses of seed-corn occurred in southwestern Ontario on three occasions from 1965 to 1974, but very little freeze damage has occurred since 1974. Losses of vegetable crops from freezing occur less frequently than other crops because of the well-established cultural practices developed over the years that avoid or protect from frost. The high value per unit area of most vegetables makes freeze protection more affordable when needed. Forages and winter annuals are killed more frequently in central and eastern Canada by smothering and desiccation from formation of ice sheets than from low winter temperatures. Injury to young shoots and leaf buds of these crops occurs periodically from spring freezes. Losses of fruit trees occur periodically and apparently occurred more frequently 20–35 yr ago in British Columbia, whereas losses have been more severe in recent years in eastern Canada. Major declines in tender fruit production occur once or twice every 5–10 yr depending on location. Temperatures of −30 °C or lower may kill the tender fruit trees and −25 °C may damage the buds in winter, although late spring frosts during bloom reduce production more frequently.Key words: Frost hazard, crop losses, indemnities

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