scholarly journals AFLP and SRAP markers linked to the mj gene for root-knot nematode resistance in cucumber

2011 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zübeyir Devran ◽  
Ahmet Fikret Firat ◽  
Mahmut Tör ◽  
Nedim Mutlu ◽  
Ibrahim Halil Elekçioğlu
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Marker Assisted Selection ◽  
Restriction Site ◽  
Nematode Resistance ◽  
Scar Markers ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Specific Primers ◽  
Cucumis Sativus L ◽  
Meloidogyne Spp ◽  
Polymorphic Bands

Root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) are an important worldwide pest of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.). Molecular markers linked to the Javanese root-knot nematode (M. javanica) resistance gene mj in cucumber may aid marker assisted selection. One-hundred AFLP (EcoRI-MseI) and 112 SRAP were used to screen resistant and susceptible parents for polymorphisms to develop molecular markers linked to the mj gene. Of the 100 AFLP primers, 92 produced bands and two yielded candidate markers (E-ATT/M-CAA and E-AAC/M-CTG). These two bands were cut off from polyacrylamide gel, cloned and sequenced. Primers designed from the sequences did not yield polymorphic bands between the parents. In addition, the sequences did not contain any restriction site or indel to be used to convert them to CAPS or SCAR markers. The two sequences obtained from polymorphic AFLP markers were used primarily to design D1F, D1R, D17F and D17R primers. SRAP forward and reverse primers were used in combination with these four specific primers to search for polymorphisms between parents. Of the 112 primer combinations 11 yielded polymorphisms between parents. MapMaker Exp 3.0 software was used to analyze the 11 markers. Two markers were identified that flanked the mj gene at distance of 16.3 and 19.3 cM. The results indicated that these markers should be useful to develop molecular markers flanking the mj gene.

Field Test Results Versus Marker Assisted Selection for Root-Knot Nematode Resistance in Peanut

2014 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. D. Branch ◽  
T. B. Brenneman ◽  
G. Hookstra
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Marker Assisted Selection ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Nematode Resistance ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Resistant Gene ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Race 1

ABSTRACT A common set of 12 advanced Georgia peanut (Arachis hypogaea L. subsp. hypogaea var. hypogaea) breeding lines that were derived from ‘COAN’ cross combinations were compared with three check cultivars for root-knot nematode (RKN) [Meloidogyne arenaria (Neal) Chitwood race 1] resistance. These 15 genotypes were grown in RKN populated field tests using a randomized complete block design with three replications for two years (2011 and 2012). Two molecular markers (SCAR 197/909 and SSR-GM565) used for marker assisted selection (MAS) did not agree with low gall ratings and high pod yield for four out of the 15 genotypes (26.7%). The results were the same each year with the same four field RKN-resistant genotypes being incorrectly identified as susceptible (false negatives) by both markers. Reciprocal cross combinations involving field resistant parents showed one-gene difference between MAS resistant × MAS susceptible in F1 and F2 populations. The lack of accuracy differentiating resistant RKN breeding lines when using these two markers was attributed to either recombination between the resistant gene RMA and these two markers, or the possible identification of a second unlinked nematode resistant gene. Regardless, more tightly-linked molecular markers are needed for RKN-resistance in future MAS breeding programs.

scholarly journals Phytol, a constituent of chlorophyll, induces root-knot nematode resistance in Arabidopsis via the ethylene signaling pathway

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taketo Fujimoto ◽  
Hiroshi Abe ◽  
Takayuki Mizukubo ◽  
Shigemi Seo
Keyword(s):  
Nematode Resistance ◽  
Ethylene Signaling ◽  
Severe Damage ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Chlorophyll Contents ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Ethylene Signaling Pathway ◽  
Meloidogyne Spp ◽  
Arabidopsis Mutant

Root-knot nematodes (RKNs; Meloidogyne spp.) parasitize the roots and/or stems of a wide range of plant species, resulting in severe damage to the parasitized plant. The phytohormone ethylene (ET) plays an important role in signal transduction pathways leading to resistance against RKNs. However, little is currently known about the induction mechanisms of ET-dependent RKN resistance. Inoculation of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) roots with RKNs decreased chlorophyll contents in aerial parts of the plant. We observed accumulation of phytol, a constituent of chlorophyll and a precursor of tocopherols, in RKN-parasitized roots. Application of sclareol, a diterpene that has been shown to induce ET-dependent RKN resistance, to the roots of Arabidopsis plants increased phytol contents in roots accompanied by a decrease in chlorophyll in aerial parts. Exogenously applied phytol inhibited RKN penetration of roots without exhibiting nematicidal activity. This phytol-induced inhibition of RKN penetration was attenuated in the ET-insensitive Arabidopsis mutant ein2-1. Exogenously applied phytol enhanced the production of α-tocopherol and expression of VTE5, a gene involved in tocopherol production, in Arabidopsis roots. α-Tocopherol exerted similar induction of RKN resistance as phytol and showed increased accumulation in roots inoculated with RKNs. Furthermore, the Arabidopsis vte5 mutant displayed no inhibition of RKN penetration in response to phytol. These results suggest that exogenously applied phytol induces EIN2-dependent RKN resistance, possibly via tocopherol production.

scholarly journals Heterologous Expression of the Mi-1.2 Gene from Tomato Confers Resistance Against Nematodes but Not Aphids in Eggplant

2006 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 383-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fiona L. Goggin ◽  
Lingling Jia ◽  
Gowri Shah ◽  
Stephanie Hebert ◽  
Valerie M. Williamson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Background ◽  
Meloidogyne Javanica ◽  
Nematode Resistance ◽  
Macrosiphum Euphorbiae ◽  
Leucine Rich Repeat ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Potato Aphid ◽  
Tomato Line ◽  
Meloidogyne Spp ◽  
Susceptible Tomato

The Mi-1.2 gene in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is a member of the nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat (NB-LRR) class of plant resistance genes, and confers resistance against root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.), the potato aphid (Macrosiphum euphorbiae), and the sweet potato whitefly (Bemisia tabaci). Mi-1.2 mediates a rapid local defensive response at the site of infection, although the signaling and defensive pathways required for resistance are largely unknown. In this study, eggplant (S. melongena) was transformed with Mi-1.2 to determine whether this gene can function in a genetic background other than tomato. Eggplants that carried Mi-1.2 displayed resistance to the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica but were fully susceptible to the potato aphid, whereas a susceptible tomato line transformed with the same transgene was resistant to nematodes and aphids. This study shows that Mi-1.2 can confer nematode resistance in another Solanaceous species. It also indicates that the requirements for Mi-mediated aphid and nematode resistance differ. Potentially, aphid resistance requires additional genes that are not conserved between tomato and eggplant.

scholarly journals Estimation of avoidable losses caused by Meloidogyne incognita infecting cucumber in poly-house

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-40
Author(s):  
Shakti Singh Bhati ◽  
B. L. Baheti
Keyword(s):  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Egg Mass ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Cucumis Sativus L ◽  
Continuous Increase ◽  
Daily Diet ◽  
Protected Cultivation ◽  
Meloidogyne Spp ◽  
Present Trial

Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) is a high nutritious and mineral-rich vegetable, which occupies a prominent place as a salad and vegeta-ble. It is being used in many ways in the daily diet of humans and widely cultivated worldwide. The decrease of agricultural land, ad-verse environmental conditions and continuous increase of popula-tion, the demand of nutritious food is a matter of great concern to the world. Protected cultivation is a very effective tool to solve this problem because in this cultivation the productivity of crops is very high as compared to open field conditions. High value crops suc-cessfully grown in protected cultivation, specially vegetables (cu-cumber, tomato, Capsicum etc.) which are highly susceptible to the numerous pests and pathogens, including phyto-parasitic nema-todes (specially root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne spp.). With this view, present trial was taken to estimate the avoidable losses caused by Meloidogyne incognita infecting cucumber in poly-house situated on farmer’s field with the application of phorate at 2 kg a.i. ha-1 over check. Results exhibited that application of chemical treatment significantly reduced number of galls per 5 g roots, egg masses per 5 g roots, eggs & juveniles per egg mass and final nema-tode population 79.03, 81.10, 30.91 and 56.54%, respectively. Avoidable yield losses were recorded to the tune of 66.84% on cu-cumber by M. incognita in poly-house.

Evaluation of resistant genotypes and their characterization using molecular markers linked for powdery mildew resistance in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)

2022 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Susheel Sharma ◽  
Aejaz Ahmad Dar ◽  
Sachin Gupta ◽  
Ravinder Singh
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Marker Assisted Selection ◽  
Powdery Mildew Resistance ◽  
Breeding Strategies ◽  
Linkage Studies ◽  
Cucumis Sativus L ◽  
Moderately Resistant ◽  
Resistant Genotypes

Abstract Powdery mildew (PM) is one of the most severe fungal diseases of cucumber that limits its production worldwide. In this study, 140 genotypes of cucumber were screened for disease resistance under field and artificial conditions, and then validated with eight known SSR markers linked to PM resistance. Among these genotypes, genotype GS140 was found resistant (R), whereas GS148, GS16 and GS70 were moderately resistant, and GS169 was found to be tolerant. Of all the eight markers, only C31, C80, C162, SSR16472 and SSR16881 amplified the reported linked allele. The 127 bp allele of SSR16881 was found to be associated with the lowest disease severity of 37.65%. The associated markers could further be verified for their usability using linkage studies and the contrast genotypes in the present study could serve as a tool for selection in future marker-assisted selection breeding strategies for PM resistance.

scholarly journals Resistance in Peanut Cultivars and Breeding Lines to Three Root-Knot Nematode Species

Plant Disease ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 92 (4) ◽  
pp. 631-638 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. B. Dong ◽  
C. C. Holbrook ◽  
P. Timper ◽  
T. B. Brenneman ◽  
Y. Chu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Durable Resistance ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Nematode Resistance ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Sequence Characterized Amplified Region ◽  
Race 1 ◽  
Meloidogyne Spp ◽  
Peanut Cultivars

Three major species of root-knot nematode infect peanut: Meloidogyne arenaria race 1, M. hapla, and M. javanica race 3. Sources of resistance to all three nematodes are needed for developing novel peanut cultivars with broad resistance to Meloidogyne spp. Cultivars and breeding lines of peanut were evaluated for resistance to M. arenaria, M. hapla, and M. javanica in the greenhouse and in the laboratory. Twenty-six genotypes with some resistance to M. arenaria, M. javanica, or M. hapla were identified from 60 accessions based on average eggs per gram of root and gall index relative to a susceptible control. Among these, 14 genotypes were moderately to highly resistant to all three species, 5 genotypes were resistant to M. arenaria and M. javanica, 2 genotypes were resistant to M. javanica and M. hapla, 1 genotype was resistant M. arenaria alone, and 4 genotypes were resistant to M. hapla alone. Reproduction of M. arenaria on lines NR 0817, C724-19-11, and D108 was highly variable, indicating that these genotypes likely were heterogeneous for resistance. COAN, NemaTAM, C724-25-8, and the M. arenaria-resistant plants of C724-19-11 contained the dominant sequence-characterized amplified region marker (197/909) for nematode resistance. Results with the molecular markers indicate that the high resistance to M. arenaria in GP-NC WS 6 may be different from the resistance in COAN, NemaTAM, and C724-25-8. Resistance to M. arenaria was correlated with resistance to M. javanica in peanut, whereas resistance to M. hapla was not correlated with the resistance to either M. arenaria or M. javanica. The resistant selections should be valuable sources for pyramiding resistance genes to develop new cultivars with broad and durable resistance to Meloidogyne spp.

Identification of Molecular Markers Associated with Root-Knot Nematode Resistance in Upland Cotton

Crop Science ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 951-960 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Niu ◽  
Doug J. Hinchliffe ◽  
Roy G. Cantrell ◽  
Congli Wang ◽  
Philip A. Roberts ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Upland Cotton ◽  
Nematode Resistance ◽  
Root Knot Nematode
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