scholarly journals First confirmed record of Feresa attenuata (Delphinidae) for the Northern Brazilian Coast

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 313-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fagner Augusto de Magalhães ◽  
Rosana Griselda Garri ◽  
Carolina Herédia Tosi ◽  
Salvatore Siciliano ◽  
Sathyabama Chellappa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Continental Shelf ◽  
Killer Whale ◽  
Brazilian Coast ◽  
Northern Coast ◽  
Killer Whales ◽  
Poor Knowledge ◽  
Southeastern Coast ◽  
Northern Brazil ◽  
Short Beak

In Brazil only one confirmed stranding is known from an emaciated specimen collected along the southeastern coast. The aim of this work is to report a recent record of a pygmy killer whale from the coast of Maranhão State, northern Brazil. On 22 October 2005, through regular surveys conducted by Projeto Cetáceos do Maranhão team, a beach-worn skull of a pygmy killer whale was found on the Mangue Seco beach, at Caju Island, Maranhão State. The specimen was identified through peculiar features, such as a short beak, 11 teeth per row in the maxile and the distance between the anterorbital notch and the end of the toothrow. This stranding suggests that pygmy killer whales may use oceanic waters close to Maranhão continental shelf. This is the second confirmed stranding of F. attenuata for the Brazilian Coast and the first along the northern coast. The present record increases our poor knowledge on the cetacean fauna of the northern Brazilian coast.

scholarly journals Getting to know you: Identification of pygmy killer whales (Feresa attenuata) and melon-headed whales (Peponocephala electra) under challenging conditions

2015 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 511-514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salvatore Siciliano ◽  
Robert L. Brownell Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Killer Whale ◽  
Killer Whales ◽  
The South ◽  
Southeastern Coast

Abstract Melon-headed whale (Peponocephala electra) and Pygmy killer whale (Feresa attenuata) are very poorly known species and are often confused with each other. We examined in detail Figure 3 in MARIGO and GIFFONI (2010) who reported that two melon-headed whales were taken in a surface driftnet about 90 nm off Santos, Brazil. We concluded they were in fact pygmy killer whales and explain our reasoning. To aid in future identifications, we illustrate and describe some of the main differences between these two species of small cetaceans. The incident reported by MARIGO and GIFFONI (2010) might represent the 'tip of the iceberg' regarding the incidental catches of cetaceans by pelagic drift nets off Brazil. Offshore driftnetting operating along the south-southeastern coast of Brazil may threaten pygmy killer whales.

Hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) collected on the continental shelf of Brazil during the Geomar X Oceanographic Operation

Zootaxa ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 299 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
PRISCILA A. GROHMANN ◽  
CLAUDIO C. NOGUEIRA ◽  
VERA MARIA ABUD P. Da SILVA
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Continental Shelf ◽  
Southern Hemisphere ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
The State ◽  
Brazilian Coast ◽  
Northern Coast ◽  
Southern Coast ◽  
Present Contribution ◽  
First Time

Hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) collected on the continental shelf of Brazil during the GEOMAR X Oceanographic Operation. A total of 53 species of hydroids, belonging to 29 genera and 11 families, was collected at 57 oceanographic stations established during Operation GEOMAR X on board the Oceanographic Vessel “Almirante Câmara”, of the Ministry of the Navy, during May- June 1978. Areas investigated were the northern coast of the state of Rio de Janeiro, the coast of Espírito Santo, and the southern coast of Bahia. In the present contribution, the genus Antennella is recorded for the first time from the Brazilian coast. Antennella curvitheca Fraser, 1937 is reported for the first time from the southern hemisphere while Antennella campanulaformis (Mulder & Trebilcock, 1909) and Salacia desmoides (Torrey, 1902) are reported for the first time from the Atlantic Ocean. Five other species, Lafoea dumosa (Fleming, 1820), Antennella quadriaurita Ritchie, 1909, Nemertesia antennina (Linnaeus, 1758), Sertularella polyzonias (Linnaeus, 1758) and Hincksella cylindrica (Bale, 1888) were collected from Brazil for the first time. The reported bathymetric distributions of 28 species previously known from the Brazilian coast are extended. The known geographic distributions of seven species are extended along the coast, five northwards and two southwards.

Marine Reservoir Corrections for the Brazilian Northern Coast Using Modern Corals

Radiocarbon ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 587-597
Author(s):  
Maria Isabela Oliveira ◽  
Carla Carvalho ◽  
Kita Macario ◽  
Heitor Evangelista ◽  
Saulo Lamounier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Continental Shelf ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Brazilian Coast ◽  
Northern Coast ◽  
Southwestern Atlantic ◽  
Brazil Current ◽  
Southern Bahia ◽  
Density Band ◽  
Coral Reef System

ABSTRACTThe Abrolhos bank, in southern Bahia State (BA), is the largest coral reef system in the southwestern Atlantic. It is highly influenced by the Brazil Current (BC), since it is located in the continental shelf. By contrast, Todos os Santos Bay (TSB), in Salvador, capital of Bahia State (BA) has an important coral biodiversity, located in a bay inlet with restricted water circulation. Coral cores were collected in those sites and were analyzed for density band counting and by Th/U dating to estimate growth rates and age. In this work, we present 14C ages of some of these bands in order to evaluate the marine reservoir effect (MRE) to which the colonies were subjected during growth. It is the first study making use of coral skeleton samples for MRE determination for the Brazilian coast. ΔR was calculated to be –151±23 14C yr, while that for the TSB was –107±51 14C yr.

Population structure and fecundity of Scyllarides delfosi Holthuis, 1960 (Scyllaridae) on the Amazon continental shelf

Crustaceana ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 91 (9) ◽  
pp. 1027-1037 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francielly A. Lima ◽  
Jussara M. Martinelli-Lemos ◽  
Kátia C. A. Silva ◽  
Alex G. M. Klautau ◽  
Israel H. A. Cintra
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Continental Shelf ◽  
Egg Size ◽  
Brazilian Coast ◽  
Economic Potential ◽  
Sustainable Exploitation ◽  
Northern Brazil ◽  
By Catch ◽  
Egg Diameter

Abstract The slipper lobster Scyllarides delfosi is an important resource captured by fishery fleets of red lobster (Panulirus argus westonii) in northern Brazil. Despite the economic potential of this species, information on its biological and fishery aspects is still nonexistent. This study was conducted using four-year data on slipper lobster (2001 and 2003, 2013 and 2014) to analyse population structure and estimate fecundity and egg size of S. delfosi. A total of 547 slipper lobsters, S. delfosi, were collected. Ovigerous females and individuals of all size classes were captured by the fleet, mostly individuals newly recruited to the adult stock. These lobsters showed a 7-mm decrease in total mean length over a period of 10 years. Fecundity ranged from 24,710 to 190,060 eggs and egg diameter ranged from 0.60 to 0.64 mm. Research on life cycle, reproduction, and growth of S. delfosi is essential to provide support for the sustainable exploitation of this species, which is considered by-catch on the northern Brazilian coast, and as such, has no adequate public policies regarding its management.

scholarly journals New records of the genus Agelas Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864 (Porifera, Agelasida) off the Amazon River mouth, Brazil, Southwestern Atlantic

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 83-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatriz Mothes ◽  
Maurício Campos ◽  
Cléa Lerner ◽  
João Luís Carraro ◽  
Fernando José Parra-Velandia
Keyword(s):  
Continental Shelf ◽  
New Records ◽  
River Mouth ◽  
First Record ◽  
Amazon River ◽  
Brazilian Coast ◽  
Southwestern Atlantic ◽  
New Information ◽  
Northern Brazil ◽  
First Time

This work provides new information on agelasid sponges found on the continental shelf off northern Brazil. Agelas sceptrum (Lamarck, 1815) and Agelas wiedenmayeri Alcolado, 1984 have their first record for the Brazilian coast. Agelas dispar Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864 and Agelas schmidti Wilson, 1902, previously recorded from Brazil, are cited for the first time off the mouth of the Amazon River.

Redescription of Orthopristis ruber and Orthopristis scapularis (Haemulidae: Perciformes), with a hybridization zone off the Atlantic coast of South America

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4576 (1) ◽  
pp. 109 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALEXANDRE PIRES MARCENIUK ◽  
RODRIGO ANTUNES CAIRES ◽  
LEONARDO MACHADO ◽  
NAJILA NOLIE CATARINE DANTAS CERQUEIRA ◽  
RAYLA ROBERTA M. DE S. SERRA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Nuclear Dna ◽  
Atlantic Coast ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Brazilian Coast ◽  
Northern Coast ◽  
Western Atlantic ◽  
Coloration Patterns

The genus Orthopristis includes seven valid species, three from the western Atlantic and five from eastern Pacific, while the available identification guides and taxonomic keys incorrectly recognize Orthopristis ruber as the only valid species found on the Atlantic coast of South America. Efforts to expand the inventory of fish species from the northern coast of Brazil led to the identification of two distinct species of Orthopristis from Atlantic South America, based on the analysis of coloration patterns and meristic data, as well as DNA. In the present study, the limits of Orthopristis ruber are reviewed, while Orthopristis scapularis is recognized as a valid species for the northern and northeastern coasts of South America. Based on intermediate morphological characteristics and nuclear DNA markers, a hybrid zone was identified off the state of Espírito Santo, on the eastern Brazilian coast. Additionally, considerations are made on the diversity and biogeography of the coastal marine and estuarine fishes found on the Brazilian coast. 

scholarly journals Family feud: permanent group splitting in a highly philopatric mammal, the killer whale (Orcinus orca)

2021 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva H. Stredulinsky ◽  
Chris T. Darimont ◽  
Lance Barrett-Lennard ◽  
Graeme M. Ellis ◽  
John K. B. Ford
Keyword(s):  
Killer Whale ◽  
Group Structure ◽  
Group Living ◽  
Orcinus Orca ◽  
Learning Approaches ◽  
Killer Whales ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
Individual Fitness ◽  
Leadership Experience

Abstract For animals that tend to remain with their natal group rather than individually disperse, group sizes may become too large to benefit individual fitness. In such cases, group splitting (or fission) allows philopatric animals to form more optimal group sizes without sacrificing all familiar social relationships. Although permanent group splitting is observed in many mammals, it occurs relatively infrequently. Here, we use combined generalized modeling and machine learning approaches to provide a comprehensive examination of group splitting in a population of killer whales (Orcinus orca) that occurred over three decades. Fission occurred both along and across maternal lines, where animals dispersed in parallel with their closest maternal kin. Group splitting was more common: (1) in larger natal groups, (2) when the common maternal ancestor was no longer alive, and (3) among groups with greater substructuring. The death of a matriarch did not appear to immediately trigger splitting. Our data suggest intragroup competition for food, leadership experience and kinship are important factors that influence group splitting in this population. Our approach provides a foundation for future studies to examine the dynamics and consequences of matrilineal fission in killer whales and other taxa. Significance statement Group living among mammals often involves long-term social affiliation, strengthened by kinship and cooperative behaviours. As such, changes in group membership may have significant consequences for individuals’ fitness and a population’s genetic structure. Permanent group splitting is a complex and relatively rare phenomenon that has yet to be examined in detail in killer whales. In the context of a growing population, in which offspring of both sexes remain with their mothers for life, we provide the first in-depth examination of group splitting in killer whales, where splitting occurs both along and across maternal lines. We also undertake the first comprehensive assessment of how killer whale intragroup cohesion is influenced by both external and internal factors, including group structure, population and group demography, and resource abundance.

scholarly journals Diurnal variation effect in marine magnetometric surveys: clues from surveys in southeast Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Possamai Sergipe ◽  
Yára Regina Marangoni ◽  
Roberto Paulo Zanon dos Santos ◽  
Denise Silva de Moura ◽  
Luigi Jovane
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Continental Shelf ◽  
Diurnal Variation ◽  
Brazilian Coast ◽  
Observatory Data ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Corrected Data ◽  
Well Correlation ◽  
The Magnetic Field ◽  
Magnetic Observatories

AbstractThe diurnal variation of the magnetic field cannot be predicted or modeled and for that reason, it is monitored during the magnetic surveys, usually by a stationary magnetometer. However, marine surveys have a practical issue with diurnal monitoring, owing to the distance between the survey, stationary magnetometers, and magnetic observatories. This work aims to verify the use of nearby magnetic observatories to estimate the diurnal variation correction in different marine surveys and evaluate its effectiveness. In this study, we selected surveys at the continental shelf near Santos city (Survey 1), continental slope next to the first survey location (Survey 2), continental shelf near Ubatuba city (Survey 3), and Mamanguá ria in the Paraty city (Survey 4), all southeast to the Brazilian coast. The crossing points were implemented to compare the magnetic field values at different times and days at the same measurement point, before and after the correction. Afterwards, we measure the Pearson’s Correlation of the raw data and the diurnal corrected data in all crossing points of each survey which showed an improvement after correction by the value approximating to 1, which indicates a very well correlation. The Ubatuba and Mamanguá surveys allowed comparing the observatory correction results with the base magnetometer results that were rather similar. Our analyses indicate a satisfactory diurnal correction using the observatory data and the crossing points approach, which can be used for every marine magnetometric survey worldwide placed near the coast (< 280 km) that do not have a stationary magnetometer available.

scholarly journals Preliminary results of drift-bottle releases and recoveries in the Western Tropical Atlantic

1967 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellen F. Luedemann
Keyword(s):  
Surface Current ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Brazilian Coast ◽  
Northern Coast ◽  
The North ◽  
Strong Current ◽  
North Brazil ◽  
Equatorial Current ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Area North

In February-March 1963, during the Equalant Operation for the ICITA program, 476 drift-bottles were released at the equatorial waters off the northern Brazilian coast (01ºS to 09ºN and 043ºW to 053ºW). Thirty-five, bottles were recovered (7,4%). Those were classed in five groups according to their different velocity ranges and areas of recovery (Trinidad Island; Lesser Antilles; Caribbean and Florida area; north Brazil; northeastern Brazil). The recoveries of bottles released within 300 nm off the northern and northeastern coast of Brazil confirmed a strong current along the north and northeast coast in northwestern direction (South Equatorial Current and branches). In late February-early March the bottles showed maximum velocities of this current (3,6 knots). The region off the northern coast of Brazil, between 05ºN and 09ºN up to 050ºW seems to have been under the influence of an eastward component of the surface current in this same period, while at late March this influence appears to have been weaker. In the region from Trinidad Island to Yucatan Peninsula the current seems to be stronger on the northeastern side of the Caribbean Sea.

Development of intentional stranding hunting techniques in killer whale (Orcinus orca) calves at Crozet Archipelago

1995 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christophe Guinet ◽  
Jérome Bouvier
Keyword(s):  
Growth Curve ◽  
Parental Investment ◽  
Killer Whale ◽  
Elephant Seal ◽  
Orcinus Orca ◽  
Killer Whales ◽  
Juvenile Female ◽  
Adult Females ◽  
Social Transfer ◽  
High Degree

This paper describes the trend in the practice of what we interpret to be the "intentional stranding" hunting technique of two juvenile female killer whales (Orcinus orca), A4 and A5, belonging to pod A on the beaches of Possession Island, Crozet Archipelago. Pod A was composed of three adult females, A2, A3, A6, and one adult male, A1. A2 is A4's mother and A3 is A5's mother. The year of birth and thus the probable age of the two juveniles were estimated from their growth curve determined by means of a photogrammetric technique. These observations indicate that at Crozet Archipelago, juvenile killer whales first practiced intentional stranding on their own when they were 4–5 years old. Their first attempt to capture elephant seal pups by means of this technique was observed when they were 5–6 years old. However, 5- to 6-year-old juveniles still needed the assistance of an adult female to return to the water with their prey. This study indicates that learning hunting techniques needs a high degree of skill and requires high parental investment to reduce the associated risk. Furthermore, social transfer, through apprenticeship, is probably one of the mechanisms that enables the high degree of adaptability observed in killer whales.

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